Bridging the Gap How to Finance the Net Zero Transition 2025

Endnotes 1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2023). [Longer Report]. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/. 2. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2024). IPCC Chair’s remarks at the High-Level Ministerial Roundtable on Pre-2030 Ambition, COP29, Baku, Azerbaijan, 18 November 2024. https://www.ipcc.ch/2024/11/18/ ipcc-chairs-cop29-high-level-ministerial-roundtable-pre-2030-ambition/. 3. Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). Global Landscape of Climate Finance. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp- content/uploads/2023/11/Global-Landscape-of-Climate-Finance-2023.pdf. 4. Allen & Overy and Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). How big is the Net Zero financing gap? https://www. climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/How-big-is-the-Net-Zero-financing-gap-2023.pdf. 5. Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). Global Landscape of Climate Finance. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp- content/uploads/2023/11/Global-Landscape-of-Climate-Finance-2023.pdf. 6. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2023). Adaptation Gap Report 2023: Underfinanced. Underprepared – Inadequate investment and planning on climate adaption leaves world exposed. https://www.unep.org/adaptation-gap- report-2023. 7. United Nations Trade & Development (UNCTAD). (2023). World Investment Report: Investing in Sustainable Energy For All. https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/publications/1283/world-investment-report-2023-investing-in-sustainable-energy-for-all. 8. Ibid. 9. Allen & Overy and Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). How big is the Net Zero financing gap? https://www. climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/How-big-is-the-Net-Zero-financing-gap-2023.pdf. 10. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). Scaling Up the Mobilisation of Private Finance for Climate Action in Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities for International Providers. https://www.oecd. org/en/publications/scaling-up-the-mobilisation-of-private-finance-for-climate-action-in-developing-countries_17a88681- en.html. 11. Ibid. 12. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2021). Financing Clean Energy Transitions in Emerging and Developing Economies. https://www.iea.org/reports/financing-clean-energy-transitions-in-emerging-and-developing-economies . 13. United Nations Trade & Development (UNCTAD). (2023). World Investment Report: Investing in Sustainable Energy For All. https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/publications/1283/world-investment-report-2023-investing-in-sustainable-energy-for-all. 14. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2023). Emissions Gap Report: Broken Record - Temperatures hit new highs, yet the world fails to cut emissions (again). https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2023. 15. Energy Transitions Commission (ETC). (2023). Financing the Transition: How to Make the Money Flow for a Net-Zero Economy. https://www.energy-transitions.org/publications/financing-the-transition-etc/ . 16. Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). Global Landscape of Climate Finance. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp- content/uploads/2023/11/Global-Landscape-of-Climate-Finance-2023.pdf. 17. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2023). Emissions Gap Report: Broken Record - Temperatures hit new highs, yet the world fails to cut emissions (again). https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2023. 18. Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). Global Landscape of Climate Finance. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp- content/uploads/2023/11/Global-Landscape-of-Climate-Finance-2023.pdf. 19. Ibid. 20. United Nations Trade & Development (UNCTAD). (2023). World Investment Report: Investing in Sustainable Energy For All. https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/publications/1283/world-investment-report-2023-investing-in-sustainable-energy-for-all. 21. Center for Global Development (CGDEV). (2023). Strengthening Multilateral Development Banks: The Triple Agenda - Report of the Independent Expert Group. https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/triple-agenda-roadmap-better-bolder- and-bigger-mdbs.pdf. 22. Ibid. 23. Allen & Overy and Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). (2023). How big is the Net Zero financing gap? https://www. climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/How-big-is-the-Net-Zero-financing-gap-2023.pdf. 24. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2023). Emissions Gap Report: Broken Record - Temperatures hit new highs, yet the world fails to cut emissions (again). https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2023. 25. McKinsey Global Institute. (2022). The net-zero transition: What it would cost, what it could bring. https://www.mckinsey. com/capabilities/sustainability/our-insights/the-net-zero-transition-what-it-would-cost-what-it-could-bring. Bridging the Gap: How to Finance the Net-Zero Transition 31