Business on the Edge 2024

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Fluvial flooding occurs when a river, stream or lake overflows its banks due to heavy rain or snowmelt. Fluvial flooding can also happen along coasts during high tides or stormy conditions. Pluvial flooding occurs when heavy rainfall creates a flash flood that’s independent of an overflowing body of water. Pluvial flooding can happen in any location, including urban or rural areas, and even in areas without nearby bodies of water.  83. Gozzi, L. et al. (2024). Polish city urged to evacuate as floods batter central Europe. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yjjqyv84eo. 84. Accenture analysis. 85. Creel, L. (2003). Ripple Effects: Population and Coastal Regions. Population Reference Bureau (PRB). https://www.prb.org/resources/ripple-effects-population-and-coastal-regions/. 86. Berdin, V. et al. (2018). How climate change affects… coastal regions. 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Extreme Heat. https://www. cisa.gov/topics/critical-infrastructure-security-and-resilience/extreme-weather-and-climate-change/extreme-heat. 92. Ham, S. P . (2024). Stuck bridges, buckling roads − extreme heat is wreaking havoc on America’s aging infrastructure. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/stuck-bridges-buckling-roads-extreme-heat-is-wreaking-havoc-on-americas- aging-infrastructure-235851. 93. Ham, S. P . (2024). Stuck bridges, buckling roads − extreme heat is wreaking havoc on America’s aging infrastructure. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/stuck-bridges-buckling-roads-extreme-heat-is-wreaking-havoc-on- americas-aging-infrastructure-235851. Business on the Edge: Building Industry Resilience to Climate Hazards 73