Climate Foresight 2025
Page 11 of 44 · WEF_Climate_Foresight_2025.pdf
To achieve sustainable futures, we build on the AAA Framework's capabilities and foundations.
We then focus on enacting effective leverage points to drive transformative change whilerecognizing the positive potential of inflection points.
1. AAA Framework
The AAA framework introduced by Spitz (2020) explores the role of Antifragile, Anticipatory,
andAgile principles in facilitating robust futures intelligence.
Spitz (2020) and Spitz and Zuin (2021) argue that the AAA f ramework is necessary to achieve
sustainable value creation, including systems innovations in climate technology (see Figure 1and Figure 2):
● Antifragile: Antifragile foundations can support innovative mindsets and systems that
thrive in uncertainty and complexity, benefiting from shocks, randomness, and volatility.
Spitz (2020) borrows the term “antifragile” from Nassim Nicholas Taleb (Taleb 2012, 6).
● Anticipatory: Anticipatory thinking can emb ed c
limate foresight among commercial and
policy actors, driving sustainable futures by preparing for next-order implications,
unexpected consequences, and opportunities.
● Agility: Actors can develop adaptive decision-making through feedback loops that
reconcile the short-term discovery process of emergent solutions with longer-term
complex challenges and visioning.
Climate Foresight: Transforming the Voluntary Carbon Markets, by Roger Spitz & James Balzer 11
© Disruptive Futures Institute, March 2025
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