Combatting Congestion 2025

Images: Getty Images, Unsplash Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders. © 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.Contents Foreword 3 Executive Summary 4 Introduction 5 Case Study 1: Amsterdam, the Netherlands 8 Case Study 2: Dubai, United Arab Emirates 10 Case Study 3: Stockholm, Sweden 12 Case Study 4: Holly Springs, Fayetteville, Raeford and Granbury, USA 14 Case Study 5: Varanasi, India 16 Concluding Thoughts 19 Contributors 21 Endnotes 22 Combatting Congestion: How Cities and Companies are Innovating First- and Last-Mile Transport 2