Subsidies in Canada TABLE 4 Subsidy programmeJurisdiction (country/province)Amount/percentage Coverage Zero Emission Transit Fund (ZETF) – capital projects31Federal Up to 50% of eligible costs; max CAD350 million per projectProcurement of zero-emission buses (ZEBs), charging/ refuelling infrastructure and facility upgrades Zero Emission Transit Fund (ZETF) – planning projects32Federal Up to 80% of eligible costsFeasibility studies, modelling, life-cycle analysis and comprehensive electrification planning Incentives for medium- and heavy-duty ZEVs (iMHZEV)33Federal Up to CAD200,000 per coach bus; tiered by vehicle classPoint-of-sale rebate on the purchase or lease of eligible new medium- and heavy-duty ZEVs CleanBC Go Electric Rebates34British Columbia Up to CAD50,000 for airport specialty vehicles (manufacturer suggested retail price, MSRP) >$300,000)Rebates for various ZEVs, including a dedicated category for airport and port specialty vehicles BC Hydro EV Fleet Program35British Columbia Up to 100% of infrastructure costs for public entitiesFunding for fleet electrification planning and electrical infrastructure installation to support EV charging Écobus Incentive ProgramQuebec CAD240,000 per electric school busSubsidy for the purchase of an electric school bus Electric Vehicle Charging Program (EVCP)36Alberta Up to 46% of charger installation costs (max CAD75,000 per DCFC)Rebates for the purchase and installation of EV chargers for municipalities, businesses and other organizations Subsidies in Europe TABLE 5 Subsidy programmeJurisdiction Amount/percentage Coverage Zero Emission Bus Regional Areas (ZEBRA) Scheme37United Kingdom (England) Up to 75% of cost difference between ZEB and diesel bus; up to 75% of infrastructure costPurchase of new ZEBs (single and double deck) and associated charging/refuelling infrastructure Bus Service Operator Grant (BSOG) ZEB Incentive38United Kingdom (England) £0.22 per km operated Operational subsidy for certified ZEBs running on public routes. This may not cover airside operations but may apply to routes to/from airports Federal Funding Call for Alternative Drives in Buses39Germany Up to 80% of additional vehicle cost; up to 40% of infrastructure cost. Maximum €15 million per projectPurchase of battery-electric and fuel cell buses, retrofits and charging/refuelling/maintenance infrastructure Bus Funding Programme (Example)40Germany (Bavaria) Up to €105,000 per articulated (longer than usual) e-bus, plus infrastructure grantsState-level subsidies for the purchase of “climate buses” (electric, hydrogen, biogas) and depot electrification Advenir Programme41France €960-€2,200 per charging pointSupport for installation of charging stations for commercial vehicles MOVES III Programme42Spain Up to 70% of charging infrastructure cost (maximum €2.5 million for companies); up to €7,000 for passenger carsGrants for purchase of EVs and installation of charging infrastructure, plus tax benefits Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Facility (AFIF)43European Union (EU)Varies by project EU-level funding for alternative fuels infrastructure, including electrification of ground handling services at major airports Decarbonizing Aviation Ground Operations: Alternative Bus Technologies 30

Decarbonizing Aviation Ground Operations 2025