GGGR 2023

Population sex ratio (female/male), % Ratio of the number of females (thousands) to males (thousands) in the population of a society. World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects . Period : 2021. Source : World Bank. Population growth rate, % Year-on-year percentage change in total population, calculated based on current and previous year. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. Period : 2021. Source : World Bank. Work participation & leadership Gender wage gap The gender wage gap is defined as the difference between male and female median wages divided by male median wages. Wages are computed for full-time equivalent dependent employees and are expressed in US$ using current exchange rates and US$ Purchasing Power Parity rates (PPPs) for private consumption expenditures as conversion factors. For more details about the computation of wage estimates, refer to https://data.oecd.org/ earnwage/average-wages.htm. Period : 2021 or most recent year. Source : OECD, Employment database. Share of women’s membership on boards, % Share of board members of listed companies that are women. “Board members” refers to all members of the highest decision-making body in the given company, such as the board of directors for a company in a unitary system or the supervisory board in the case of a company in a two-tier system. Period : 2021. Source : OECD, Employment database. Firms with female majority ownership, % Percentage of firms answering, “More than 50%” to the question, “What percentage of the firm is owned by females?”. For African countries surveyed in 2009–2011, this indicator is the percentage of companies answering, “Majority are women” or “All women” to the question, “Are the owners of the firm?”. For more details refer to: https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/ Indicator-Descriptions.pdf. Period : 2022 or most recent year. Source : World Bank Enterprise Survey. Firms with female top managers, % Percentage of firms in the private sector who have females as top managers. “Top manager” refers to the highest-ranking manager or CEO of the establishment. This person may be the owner if he/ she works as the manager of the firm. The results are based on surveys of more than 100,000 private firms. Period : 2021 or most recent year. Source : World Bank Enterprise Survey. Share of workers in informal sector, % Ratio of employment of women/men in the informal sector to the total employment (irrespective of the informality/formality) of women/ men. Employment in the informal sector refers all persons who, during a given reference period, were employed in at least one informal sector enterprise, irrespective of their status in employment and whether it was their main or a secondary job. An informal sector enterprise is (1) an unincorporated enterprise, (2) a market enterprise (i.e. it sells at least some of the goods or services it produces), and (3) meets at least one of the following criteria: (i) the enterprise is not registered, (ii) the employees of the enterprise are not registered, or (iii) the number of persons engaged on a continuous basis is below a threshold determined by the country. Period : 2022 or most recent year. Source : International Labour Organization (ILO), ILOSTAT . Advancement of women to leadership roles, 1-7 (best) Response to the survey question, “In your country, to what extent do companies provide women with the same opportunities as men to rise to positions of leadership?” 1=not at all; 7=to a great extent. Period : 2022 or most recent year. Source : World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey (EOS). Labour force, 1 million people (%) Total number of people (M/F) participating in the labour force. The ratio is the percentage of women participating in the labour force with respect to the total labour force. Period : 2022 or most recent year. Global Gender Gap Report 2023 69