191. Volvo Cars. (2023). Annual and Sustainability Report 2023. https://vp272.alertir.com/afw/files/press/ volvocar/202403050374-1.pdf. 192. Mercedes-Benz. (2023). Sustainability Report 2023. https://group.mercedes-benz.com/documents/sustainability/reports/ mercedes-benz-sustainability-report-2023.pdf. 193. Renault. (2024). Integrated Report 2023-2023. https://www.renaultgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2023-2024- renault-group-integrated-report-en.pdf. 194. Stellantis. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2023. https://www.stellantis.com/content/dam/stellantis- corporate/sustainability/csr-disclosure/stellantis/2023/Stellantis-2023-CSR-Report.pdf. 195. Pirelli. (2023). Annual Report 2023: Cohabiting the Dialogue Between Future Generations. https://corp-assets.pirelli.com/corporate/PIRELLI_ANNUAL_REPORT_2023_ENG.pdf. 196. Michelin. (2023). Michelin in Motion: Objectives for 2030. https://agngnconpm.cloudimg.io/v7/https://dgaddcosprod.blob. core.windows.net/corporate-production/attachments/clsubg82l1qsx13hc6iqc2vin-overview-scorecard-ppp-en.pdf. 197. Cars are designed based on a modular concept that simplifies repair, disassembly and remanufacturing, and allows for refurbishment, component upgrades and purpose adjustments. 198. World Economic Forum. (2023). The “No-Excuse” Framework to Accelerate the Path to Net-Zero Manufacturing and Value Chains. https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-no-excuse-framework-to-accelerate-the-path-to-net-zero- manufacturing-and-value-chains/. 199. Volkswagen Group. (2023). Group Sustainability Report 2023. https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/publications/ more/group-sustainability-report-2023-2674. 200. Mercedes-Benz. (2023). Sustainability Report 2023. https://group.mercedes-benz.com/documents/sustainability/reports/ mercedes-benz-sustainability-report-2023.pdf. 201. Volkswagen Group. (2023). Group Sustainability Report 2023. https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/publications/ more/group-sustainability-report-2023-2674. 202. World Economic Forum. (2020). Forging Ahead: A materials roadmap for the zero-carbon car. https://www.weforum.org/publications/forging-ahead-a-materials-roadmap-for-the-zero-carbon-car/. 203. Science Based Targets Network (SBTN). (n.d.). High Impact Commodity List. https://sciencebasedtargetsnetwork.org/ wp-content/uploads/2023/05/SBTN-High-Impact-Commodity-List-v1.xlsx. 204. Capgemini. (2020). The Automotive Industry in the Era of Sustainability. https://www.capgemini.com/gb-en/wp-content/ uploads/sites/3/2020/03/Report-The-Automotive-Industry-in-the-Era-of-Sustainability.pdf . 205. The sustainable palm oil choice. (n.d.). No Deforestation, Peat, and Exploitation, NDPE Commitment. https://www.sustainablepalmoilchoice.eu/ndpe-commitment/. 206. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). (2008). Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories. https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/PAG-021.pdf; Key Biodiversity Areas. (n.d.). Home. https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/; UNESCO. (n.d.). World Heritage List. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/. 207. Mercedes-Benz. (n.d.). Our activities in the cobalt supply chain. https://group.mercedes-benz.com/responsibility/ sustainability/supply-chains/cobalt.html; Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance. (n.d.). Home. https://responsiblemining.net/. 208. Scania. (2023). Scania turns green supply target into requirements. https://www.scania.com/group/en/home/newsroom/ press-releases/press-release-detail-page.html/4688439-scania-turns-green-supply-target-into-requirements. 209. Volkswagen Group. (2023). Group Sustainability Report 2023. https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/publications/more/group-sustainability-report-2023-2674. 210. Stellantis. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2023. https://www.stellantis.com/content/dam/stellantis- corporate/sustainability/csr-disclosure/stellantis/2023/Stellantis-2023-CSR-Report.pdf. 211. Including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), flexible-fuel hybrid electric vehicles (FFV-HEVs), sustainable biofuels, low emissions hydrogen and derivatives (including synthetic fuels). 212. European Environment Bureau (EEB), Environmental Coalition on Standards (ECOS) and Deutsche Umwelthilfe (DUH). (2023). What is the environmental impact of electric cars?. https://ecostandard.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/230203_ DUH_EEB_ECOS_Information-Paper_Env.-Impact-Electric-Cars.pdf. 213. Stellantis. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2023. https://www.stellantis.com/content/dam/stellantis- corporate/sustainability/csr-disclosure/stellantis/2023/Stellantis-2023-CSR-Report.pdf. 214. BMW Group. (2023). BMW Group Report 2023: Driving the Next Era. https://www.bmwgroup.com/content/dam/grpw/ websites/bmwgroup_com/ir/downloads/en/2024/bericht/BMW-Group-Report-2023-en.pdf. 215. Honda. (2024). ESG Data Book. https://global.honda/en/sustainability/cq_img/report/pdf/2024/honda-SR-2024-en-all.pdf. 216. Extended input-output modelling refers to an economic analysis method that expands traditional input-output models by incorporating environmental or social factors to assess the broader impacts of production and consumption across sectors. 217. World Economic Forum. (2021). Raising Ambitions: A new roadmap for the automotive circular economy. https://www.weforum.org/publications/raising-ambitions-a-new-roadmap-for-the-automotive-circular-economy/. 218. Reinventing Parking. (2013). “Cars are parked 95% of the time”. Let’s check!. https://www.reinventingparking. org/2013/02/cars-are-parked-95-of-time-lets-check.html. Nature Positive: Role of the Automotive Sector 59

Nature Positive Role of the Automotive Sector