PHSSR Policy Roadmaps for Acting Early on NCDs Synthesis Report 2025

122 Acting early on NCDs The Partnership for Health System Sustainability and ResilienceDomain 5: Workforce This domain assessed human resources for NCD prevention and management: Workforce supply : Physician and nursing densities, generalist-specialist ratios, geographic distribution, workforce projections incorporating NCD burden, and strategies for addressing shortages Training and workforce development : NCD-specific competencies in professional education, availability of specialised training programmes, task-shifting initiatives, and continuing professional development in prevention and chronic disease management Domain 6: Medicines & technology This domain examined access to and adoption of innovations for NCDs: Access to diagnostics and therapeutics : Availability of imaging equipment, molecular diagnostics, precision medicines, time from regulatory approval to reimbursement, and geographic disparities in access R&D capacity : National research strategies, clinical trial activity, public-private partnerships, patient recruitment capabilities, and domestic innovation capacity Digital health and data : Electronic health record adoption, interoperability, telemedicine implementation, AI applications in diagnosis and treatment, digital therapeutics, and data governance frameworks Domain 7: Environmental sustainability This domain assessed the bidirectional relationship between environment and NCDs: Environmental impact of NCDs : Healthcare system carbon footprint from NCD care, emissions from diagnostic equipment and patient travel, pharmaceutical waste, and consideration of environmental impacts in treatment decisions Climate adaptation of NCD services : Heat warning systems, vulnerability assessments for NCD populations, resilience planning for essential services, and strategies addressing climate impacts on disease burden Disease scope The framework focused on four interrelated NCD categories that collectively account for over 80% of premature NCD deaths: Cancer : Primary focus on lung, bowel, prostate, and breast cancers, plus two additional major cancers per country where early detection is possible Cardiovascular , kidney and metabolic diseases : Chronic kidney disease (CKD), heart failure, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), diabetes, and stroke Chronic respiratory diseases : Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Related conditions : Where relevant, oral health and mental health comorbidities were considered given their interconnection with primary NCDs