Powering the Future 2025

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79. Audi Environmental Foundation. (n.d.). Second-Life Battery: Green Power from Used Batteries. https://audi-environmental- foundation.com/umweltstiftung/en/home-of-greenovation/greenovation-projects/nunam.html; Energize Innovation Fund. (n.d.). Project Showcase. https://www.energizeinnovation.fund/projects?f%5B0%5D=technology%3ABattery%20Second-Use. 80. Extantia. Climate Tech Capital Stack. [Graphic]. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/yairreem_climatetech-startups- venturecapital-activity-7092027170868355072-UmBY?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop. 81. Interagency Working Group on Coal & Power Plan Communities & Economic Revitalization. (n.d.). Catalyzing Innovative Research for Circular Use of Long-Lived Advanced Rechargeables (CIRCULAR). https://energycommunities.gov/funding- opportunity/catalyzing-innovative-research-for-circular-use-of-long-lived-advanced-rechargeables-circular/. 82. Batteries European Partnership Association. (2024). 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Directive 2006/66/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 September 2006 on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators and repealing Directive 91/157/EEC. (2018). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal- content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02006L0066-20180704. 91. Western Resource Advocates. (2024). Emerging Policies and Best Practices to Promote Lithium-Ion Battery Second Life Applications. https://westernresourceadvocates.org/publications/emerging-policies-and-best-practices-to-promote- lithium-ion-battery-second-life-applications/. 92. Micheaux, H., & Aggeri, F. (2021). Eco-Modulation as a Driver for Eco-Design: A Dynamic View of the French Collective EPR Scheme. Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 289, 125714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125714. 93. Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2023 Concerning Batteries and Waste Batteries, Amending Directive 2008/98/EC and Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and Repealing Directive 2006/66/EC, 191 OJ L (2023). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj. 94. Tankou, A., Bieker, G., & Hall, D. (2023). Scaling Up Reuse and Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Assessing Challenges and Policy Approaches. International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/publication/recycling- electric-vehicle-batteries-feb-23/. 95. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Notification S.O. 3984(E). (2022). http://www.indiaenvironmentportal. org.in/files/file/Battery%20waste.pdf. 96. Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2023 Concerning Batteries and Waste Batteries, Amending Directive 2008/98/EC and Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and Repealing Directive 2006/66/EC, 191 OJ L (2023). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj. 97. Steckel, T., Kendall, A., & Ambrose, H. (2021). Applying levelized cost of storage methodology to utility-scale second-life lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117309. 98. Ibid. 99. Walter, D., et al. (2023). X-Change: Batteries. RMI. https://rmi.org/insight/x-change-batteries/. 100. Tankou, A., Bieker, G., & Hall, D. (2023). Scaling Up Reuse and Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Assessing Challenges and Policy Approaches. International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/publication/recycling- electric-vehicle-batteries-feb-23/. 101. Circularise. (2023). EU battery passport regulation requirements. https://www.circularise.com/blogs/eu-battery-passport- regulation-requirements. 102. ACCUREC Recycling GmbH, et al. (October 18, 2024). [Letter to Directorate-General for Environment of the European Commission]. https://www.transportenvironment.org/uploads/files/2024_10_Joint_letter_DA_recycling_efficiency.pdf. 103. Tankou, A., Bieker, G., & Hall, D. (2023). Scaling Up Reuse and Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Assessing Challenges and Policy Approaches. International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/publication/recycling- electric-vehicle-batteries-feb-23/. Powering the Future: Overcoming Battery Supply Chain Challenges with Circularity 42
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