The Global Public Impact of GovTech 2025

1. World Economic Forum. (2024). Quantum for Society: Meeting the Ambition of the SDGs. https://www.weforum.org/ publications/quantum-for-society-fulfilling-the-promise-of-the-sdgs/. 2. United Kingdom Central Digital & Data Office. (2023). Transforming for a digital future: 2022 to 2025 roadmap for digital and data. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/roadmap-for-digital-and-data-2022-to-2025/transforming-for-a- digital-future-2022-to-2025-roadmap-for-digital-and-data-original. 3. Gartner. (2022). Forecast Analysis: Enterprise IT Spending Across Vertical Industries, Worldwide. https://www.gartner.com/ en/documents/4010824. 4. Based on the Global State of GovTech Research and available data from Gartner and IDC. 5. Bandy, A. B., E. R. Haffner, M. C. Suárez and S. Diaz. (2024). The US Government Is Using AI To Detect Potential Wrongdoing, and Companies Should Too. https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2024/03/insights-special- edition/the-us-government-is-using-ai. 6. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). Public employment and management. https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/policy-issues/public-employment-and-management.html. 7. Douglass, C. N. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change And Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press. 8. Johnson, S. (2018). Corruption is costing the global economy $3.6 trillion dollars every year. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2018/12/the-global-economy-loses-3-6-trillion-to-corruption-each-year-says-u-n/. 9. Weitzman, M. L. (2007). A Review of the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change. Journal of Economic Literature, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 703-724. 10. George, M., K. O’Regan and A. Holst. (2022). Digital solutions can reduce global emissions by up to 20%. Here’s how. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2022/05/how-digital-solutions-can-reduce-global-emissions/. 11. Ionan, V. (2024). Interview conducted on 19 August 2024. 12. Ionan, V. (2024). Interview conducted on 19 August 2024. 13. Gartner. (2023). Gartner Market Databook, 2024 Update. 14. Gartner. (2022). Forecast Analysis: Enterprise IT Spending Across Vertical Industries, Worldwide. https://www.gartner.com/ en/documents/4010824. 15. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises. https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/sub-issues/corporate-governance-of-state-owned-enterprises.html. 16. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2017). Government at a Glance 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933534784. 17. Ortiz-Ospina, E., and M. Roser. (2023). Government Spending – What Do Governments Spend Their Financial Resources On?. https://ourworldindata.org/government-spending. 18. World Bank Group. (2020). Enhancing Government Effectiveness and Transparency: The Fight Against Corruption. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/governance/publication/enhancing-government-effectiveness-and-transparency- the-fight-against-corruption.Endnotes The Global Public Impact of GovTech: A $9.8 Trillion Opportunity 33