The Global Risks Report 2024

Endnotes 1. Bostr om, Nick, “Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority”, Global Policy, vol. 1, iss.2, 2013, pp., 15-31, https:// existential-risk.com/concept.pdf. 2. Barr ett, Scott, “Why Cooperate? The Incentive to Supply Public Good”, International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 31, no. 11, 2009, pp. 1113-1115, https://philarchive.org/archive/ANOWC. 3. Ibid. 4. Denkenberger , David, and Joshua Pearce, Feeding everyone no matter what: Managing food security after global catastrophe, Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, 2014. 5. The Flood Hub, Community Flood Action Groups, https://thefloodhub.co.uk/community/, accessed 12 December 2023. 6. Elton, Charlotte, “W orld-first nuclear fusion plant could generate carbon free energy by 2040, UK government claims”, Euronews, 4 October 2022, https://www.euronews.com/green/2022/10/04/world-first-nuclear-fusion-plant-could- generate-carbon-free-energy-by-2040-uk-government-c. 7. W ilkins, Alex, “Crystal-hunting DeepMind AI could help discover new wonder material”, New Scientist, 29 November 2023, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2404929-crystal-hunting-deepmind-ai-could-help-discover-new-wonder-materials/. 8. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Polio: At a glance, https://www.gatesfoundation.org/our-work/programs/global- development/polio, accessed 12 December 2023. 9. Shaw , Rajib, Mikio Ishiwatari and Margaret Arnold, Knowledge Note 2.1, Cluster 2: Nonconstructional measures: Community-based Disaster Risk Management, World Bank, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/78ba6020-8714-5e9c-85cf-192438a55422/content, accessed 12 December 2023. 10. Bangladesh Red Cr escent Society (BDRS), Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP), https://bdrcs.org/cyclone- preparedness-programm-cpp/, accessed 12 December 2023. 11. Rutter , Jill, “Nudge Unit”, Institute for Government, 11 March 2020, https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/article/ explainer/nudge-unit. 12. McKinsey & Company, The triple play: Growth, profit, and sustainability, 9 August 2023, https://www.mckinsey.com/ capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/the-triple-play-growth-profit-and-sustainability. 13. Henshall, W ill, “E.U.’s AI Regulation Could Be Softened After Pushback From Biggest Members”, Time, 22 November 2023, https://time.com/6338602/eu-ai-regulation-foundation-models/. 14. Associated Pr ess, “The EU's AI Act: Could Europe's landmark bid to regulate AI fall at the last hurdle? “, Euronews, 4 December 2023, https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/12/04/the-eus-ai-act-could-europes-landmark-bid-to-regulate-ai-fall-at-the-last-hurdle. 15. United Nations, COP28 ends with call to ‘transition away’ from fossil fuels; UN’s Guterres says phaseout is inevitable [Press release], 13 December 2023, https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/12/1144742. 16. Gover nment of Germany Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, G7 establishes Climate Club [Press release], 12 December 2022, https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/EN/Pressemitteilungen/2022/12/20221212-g7-establishes-climate-club.html. 17. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) OECD.stats, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source of fund, https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=GERD_SOF , accessed 12 December 2023. Global Risks Report 2024 94