Technology Technology descriptionTechnology readiness level (TRL) TRL rationale Use cases Use case source(s) Hydrogen fuel- cell heavy-duty vehiclesVehicles such as semi-trucks and delivery trucks that run on hydrogen fuel cells. These fuel cells convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity, water and heat. This process produces zero emissions, making them a clean and eco-friendly alternative to traditional gasoline- or diesel-powered heavy-duty vehicles. The hydrogen can be stored in tanks on the vehicle and refilled at hydrogen fuel stations.8-9 IEA, 2025. ETP Clean Energy Technology GuideA prototype H2Rescue truck, developed and powered by Accelera, set a world record by traveling 1,806 miles on a single tank of hydrogen fuel.U.S. Department of Energy, 2024. Hydrogen- powered heavy-duty truck establishes new threshold by traveling 1,800 miles on a single fill Overhead catenary/ in-motion chargingHybrid or battery-electric trucks use a pantograph to connect to overhead electrical wires (catenary lines) installed above dedicated highway lanes. Trucks draw electricity directly while driving, enabling dynamic charging and propulsion. Off the electrified lanes, trucks switch to an onboard battery or hybrid powertrain.7-8 Deloitte analysis Demonstration in relevant environment. Proven in pilot projects on public roads, but not yet commercially deployed at scale. Multiple field trials in Germany (ELISA, FESH, eWayBW), Sweden and California with positive technical results.Siemens Mobility specializes in eHighway systems that use overhead catenary infrastructure to electrify roads for trucks and other vehicles. The company provides expertise in overhead lines, pantographs and power supply systems. Siemens’ eHighway technology is currently in field trials on public roads in Germany, including the A5 and A1 autobahns and the B462 federal highway, and has also been demonstrated in Sweden and the United States.Siemens, 2024. Siemens Mobility and Continental: supply trucks across Europe with electricity via overhead network Turning Challenge into Opportunity: Supplier Voices from Heavy-Emitting Sectors 70

Turning Challenge into Opportunity 2025