31 CFR 1022.410 Additional records to be made and retained by dealers in foreign exchange (MSB part)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026)

Fincen

2025-07-01

Document text

Research, not advice. Part of the Bitcoin research archive (October 2026). Claims labelled unverified, contested or fringe are reported, not endorsed; statuses of bills and rules are as of the date checked. Government, court and patent records are public domain; the research notes are CC BY 4.0.

Financial Crimes Enforc. Network, Treas.                                                       § 1022.410

                                                                       (G) The year in which the agent first                   Subpart D—Records Required To
                                                                     became an agent of the money services                        Be Maintained By Money
                                                                     business; and                                                Services Businesses
                                                                       (H) The number of branches or sub-
                                                                     agents the agent has.                                     § 1022.400     General.
                                                                       (ii) Special rules. Information about                     Money services businesses are subject
                                                                     agent volume must be current within                       to the recordkeeping requirements set
                                                                     45 days of the due date of the agent                      forth and cross referenced in this sub-
                                                                     list. The information described by                        part. Money services businesses should
                                                                     paragraphs (d)(2)(i)(G) and (d)(2)(i)(H)                  also refer to subpart D of Part 1010 of
                                                                     of this section is not required to be in-                 this chapter for recordkeeping require-
                                                                     cluded in an agent list with respect to                   ments contained in that subpart which
                                                                     any person that is an agent of the                        apply to money services businesses.
                                                                     money services business maintaining
                                                                     the list before the first day of the                      § 1022.410 Additional records to be
                                                                     month beginning after February 16,                            made and retained by dealers in
                                                                     2000 so long as the information de-                           foreign exchange.
                                                                     scribed by paragraphs (d)(2)(i)(G) and                      (a)(1) After July 7, 1987, each dealer
                                                                     (d)(2)(i)(H) of this section is made                      in foreign exchange shall secure and
                                                                     available upon the request of FinCEN                      maintain a record of the taxpayer iden-
                                                                     and any other appropriate law enforce-                    tification number of each person for
                                                                     ment agency (including, without limi-                     whom a transaction account is opened
                                                                     tation, the examination function of the                   or a line of credit is extended within 30
                                                                     Internal Revenue Service in its capac-                    days after such account is opened or
                                                                     ity as delegee of Bank Secrecy Act ex-                    credit line extended. Where a person is
                                                                     amination authority).                                     a non-resident alien, the dealer in for-
                                                                       (e) Consequences of failing to comply                   eign exchange shall also record the per-
                                                                     with 31 U.S.C. 5330 or the regulations                    son’s passport number or a description
                                                                     thereunder. It is unlawful to do business                 of some other government document
                                                                     without complying with 31 U.S.C. 5330                     used to verify his identity. Where the
                                                                     and this section. A failure to comply                     account or credit line is in the names
                                                                     with the requirements of 31 U.S.C. 5330                   of two or more persons, the dealer in
                                                                     or this section includes the filing of                    foreign exchange shall secure the tax-
                                                                     false or materially incomplete infor-                     payer identification number of a person
                                                                     mation in connection with the reg-                        having a financial interest in the ac-
                                                                     istration of a money services business.                   count or credit line. In the event that
                                                                     Any person who fails to comply with                       a dealer in foreign exchange has been
                                                                                                                               unable to secure the identification re-
                                                                     any requirement of 31 U.S.C. 5330 or
                                                                                                                               quired within the 30-day period speci-
                                                                     this section shall be liable for a civil
                                                                                                                               fied, it shall nevertheless not be
                                                                     penalty of $5,000 for each violation.
                                                                                                                               deemed to be in violation of this sec-
                                                                     Each day a violation of 31 U.S.C. 5330
                                                                                                                               tion if:
                                                                     or this section continues constitutes a
                                                                                                                                 (i) It has made a reasonable effort to
                                                                     separate violation. In addition, under
                                                                                                                               secure such identification, and
                                                                     31 U.S.C. 5320, the Secretary of the
                                                                                                                                 (ii) It maintains a list containing the
                                                                     Treasury may bring a civil action to
                                                                                                                               names, addresses, and account or credit
                                                                     enjoin the violation. See 18 U.S.C. 1960
                                                                                                                               line numbers of those persons from
                                                                     for a criminal penalty for failure to
                                                                                                                               whom it has been unable to secure such
                                                                     comply with the registration require-
                                                                                                                               identification, and makes the names,
                                                                     ments of 31 U.S.C. 5330 or this section.
                                                                                                                               addresses, and account or credit line
                                                                       (f) Applicability date. This section is                 numbers of those persons available to
                                                                     applicable as of September 20, 1999.                      the Secretary as directed by him.
                                                                     Registration of money services busi-                        (2) The 30-day period provided for in
                                                                     nesses under this section will not be re-                 paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall be
                                                                     quired prior to December 31, 2001.                        extended where the person opening the

skersey on DSK4WB1RN3PROD with CFR
                                                                     [75 FR 65812, Oct. 26, 2010, as amended at 76             account or credit line has applied for a
                                                                     FR 43597, July 21, 2011; 76 FR 45420, July 29,            taxpayer identification or social secu-
                                                                     2011; 81 FR 76865, Nov. 4, 2016]                          rity number on Form SS–4 or SS–5,

                                                                                                                         1219

                                     VerDate Sep<11>2014   07:58 Sep 25, 2025   Jkt 265133   PO 00000   Frm 01229   Fmt 8010   Sfmt 8010   Y:\SGML\265133.XXX   265133
                                                                     § 1022.410                                                             31 CFR Ch. X (7–1–25 Edition)

                                                                     until such time as the person main-                         (3) A record of each exchange of cur-
                                                                     taining the account or credit line has                    rency involving transactions in excess
                                                                     had a reasonable opportunity to secure                    of $1000, including the name and ad-
                                                                     such number and furnish it to the deal-                   dress of the customer (and passport
                                                                     er in foreign exchange.                                   number or taxpayer identification
                                                                       (3) A taxpayer identification number                    number unless received by mail or
                                                                     for an account or credit line required                    common carrier) date and amount of
                                                                     under paragraph (a)(1) of this section                    the transaction and currency name,
                                                                     need not be secured in the following in-                  country, and total amount of each for-
                                                                     stances:                                                  eign currency;
                                                                       (i) Accounts for public funds opened                      (4) Signature cards or other docu-
                                                                     by agencies and instrumentalities of                      ments evidencing signature authority
                                                                     Federal, state, local or foreign govern-                  over each deposit or security account,
                                                                     ments,                                                    containing the name of the depositor,
                                                                       (ii) Accounts for aliens who are—                       street address, taxpayer identification
                                                                       (A) Ambassadors, ministers, career                      number (TIN) or employer identifica-
                                                                     diplomatic or consular officers, or                       tion number (EIN) and the signature of
                                                                       (B) Naval, military or other attaches                   the depositor or of a person authorized
                                                                     of foreign embassies, and legations, and                  to sign on the account (if customer ac-
                                                                     for members of their immediate fami-                      counts are maintained in a code name,
                                                                     lies,                                                     a record of the actual owner of the ac-
                                                                       (iii) Accounts for aliens who are ac-                   count);
                                                                     credited representatives to inter-                          (5) Each item, including checks,
                                                                     national organizations which are enti-                    drafts, or transfers of credit, of more
                                                                     tled to enjoy privileges, exemptions,                     than $10,000 remitted or transferred to
                                                                     and immunities as an international or-                    a person, account or place outside the
                                                                     ganization under the International Or-
                                                                                                                               United States;
                                                                     ganizations Immunities Act of Decem-
                                                                                                                                 (6) A record of each receipt of cur-
                                                                     ber 29, 1945 (22 U.S.C. 288), and for the
                                                                     members of their immediate families,                      rency, other monetary instruments, in-
                                                                                                                               vestment securities and checks, and of
                                                                       (iv) Aliens temporarily residing in
                                                                                                                               each transfer of funds or credit, or
                                                                     the United States for a period not to
                                                                     exceed 180 days,                                          more than $10,000 received on any one
                                                                                                                               occasion directly and not through a do-
                                                                       (v) Aliens not engaged in a trade or
                                                                                                                               mestic financial institution, from any
                                                                     business in the United States who are
                                                                     attending a recognized college or any                     person, account or place outside the
                                                                     training program, supervised or con-                      United States;
                                                                     ducted by any agency of the Federal                         (7) Records prepared or received by a
                                                                     Government, and                                           dealer in the ordinary course of busi-
                                                                       (vi)    Unincorporated      subordinate                 ness, that would be needed to recon-
                                                                     units of a tax exempt central organiza-                   struct an account and trace a check in
                                                                     tion which are covered by a group ex-                     excess of $100 deposited in such account
                                                                     emption letter.                                           through its internal recordkeeping sys-
                                                                       (b) Each dealer in foreign exchange                     tem to its depository institution, or to
                                                                     shall retain either the original or a                     supply a description of a deposited
                                                                     microfilm or other copy or reproduc-                      check in excess of $100;
                                                                     tion of each of the following:                              (8) A record maintaining the name,
                                                                       (1) Statements of accounts from                         address and taxpayer identification
                                                                     banks, including paid checks, charges                     number, if available, of any person pre-
                                                                     or other debit entry memoranda, de-                       senting a certificate of deposit for pay-
                                                                     posit slips and other credit memoranda                    ment, as well as a description of the in-
                                                                     representing the entries reflected on                     strument and date of transaction;
                                                                     such statements;                                            (9) A system of books and records
                                                                       (2) Daily work records, including pur-                  that will enable the dealer in foreign
                                                                     chase and sales slips or other memo-                      exchange to prepare an accurate bal-

skersey on DSK4WB1RN3PROD with CFR
                                                                     randa needed to identify and recon-                       ance sheet and income statement.
                                                                     struct currency transactions with cus-                      (c) This section does not apply to
                                                                     tomers and foreign banks;                                 banks that offer services in dealing or

                                                                                                                         1220

                                     VerDate Sep<11>2014   07:58 Sep 25, 2025   Jkt 265133   PO 00000   Frm 01230   Fmt 8010   Sfmt 8010   Y:\SGML\265133.XXX   265133
                                                                     Financial Crimes Enforc. Network, Treas.                                                            Pt. 1023

                                                                     changing currency to their customers                      Subpart F—Special Standards of
                                                                     as an adjunct to their regular service.                      Diligence; Prohibitions; and
                                                                     [75 FR 65812, Oct. 26, 2010, as amended at 76                Special Measures for Money
                                                                     FR 43597, July 21, 2011]                                     Services Businesses
                                                                     § 1022.420 Additional records to be                       § 1022.600     General.
                                                                         maintained by providers and sellers
                                                                         of prepaid access.                                      Money services businesses are subject
                                                                                                                               to the special standards of diligence;
                                                                       With respect to transactions relating                   prohibitions; and special measures re-
                                                                     to providers and sellers of prepaid ac-                   quirements set forth and cross ref-
                                                                     cess described in § 1010.100(ff)(4) and (7)               erenced in this subpart. Money services
                                                                     that are subject to the requirements of                   businesses should also refer to subpart
                                                                     this chapter, each provider of prepaid                    F of part 1010 of this chapter for special
                                                                     access shall maintain access to trans-                    standards of diligence; prohibitions;
                                                                     actional records for a period of five                     and special measures contained in that
                                                                     years. The provider of prepaid access,                    subpart which apply to money services
                                                                     as defined in § 1010.100(ff)(4), shall main-              businesses.
                                                                     tain access to transactional records
                                                                     generated in the ordinary course of                       §§ 1022.610–1022.670       [Reserved]
                                                                     business that would be needed to recon-
                                                                     struct prepaid access activation, loads,
                                                                     reloads, purchases, withdrawals, trans-
                                                                                                                                 PART 1023—RULES FOR BROKERS
                                                                     fers, or other prepaid-related trans-                         OR DEALERS IN SECURITIES
                                                                     actions.
                                                                                                                                             Subpart A—Definitions
                                                                     [76 FR 45420, July 29, 2011]
                                                                                                                               Sec.
                                                                                                                               1023.100    Definitions.
                                                                     Subpart E—Special Information
                                                                        Sharing Procedures To Deter                                          Subpart B—Programs
                                                                        Money Laundering and Ter-                              1023.200 General.
                                                                        rorist Activity                                        1023.210 Anti-money laundering program re-
                                                                                                                                   quirements for brokers or dealers in se-
                                                                     § 1022.500     General.                                       curities.
                                                                       Money services businesses are subject                   1023.220 Customer identification programs
                                                                     to the special information sharing pro-                       for broker-dealers.
                                                                     cedures to deter money laundering and
                                                                                                                               Subpart C—Reports Required To Be Made
                                                                     terrorist activity requirements set
                                                                                                                                  By Brokers or Dealers in Securities
                                                                     forth and cross referenced in this sub-
                                                                     part. Money services businesses should                    1023.300 General.
                                                                     also refer to subpart E of part 1010 of                   1023.310 Reports of transactions in currency.
                                                                     this chapter for special information                      1023.311 Filing obligations.
                                                                     sharing procedures to deter money                         1023.312 Identification required.
                                                                     laundering and terrorist activity con-                    1023.313 Aggregation.
                                                                                                                               1023.314 Structured transactions.
                                                                     tained in that subpart which apply to
                                                                                                                               1023.315 Exemptions
                                                                     money services businesses.                                1023.320 Reports by brokers or dealers in se-
                                                                                                                                   curities of suspicious transactions.
                                                                     § 1022.520 Special information sharing
                                                                         procedures to deter money laun-                       Subpart D—Records Required To Be Main-
                                                                         dering and terrorist activity for
                                                                         money services businesses.                               tained By Brokers or Dealers in Securi-
                                                                                                                                  ties
                                                                       (a) Refer to § 1010.520 of this chapter.
                                                                       (b) [Reserved]                                          1023.400 General.
                                                                                                                               1023.410 Additional records to be made and
                                                                     § 1022.530     [Reserved]                                     retained by brokers or dealers in securi-
                                                                                                                                   ties.
                                                                     § 1022.540 Voluntary information shar-
                                                                                                                               Subpart E—Special Information Sharing

skersey on DSK4WB1RN3PROD with CFR
                                                                          ing among financial institutions.
                                                                                                                                  Procedures To Deter Money Laun-
                                                                        (a) Refer to § 1010.540 of this chapter.
                                                                                                                                  dering and Terrorist Activity
                                                                        (b) [Reserved]
                                                                                                                               1023.500    General.
                                                                                                                         1221

                                     VerDate Sep<11>2014   07:58 Sep 25, 2025   Jkt 265133   PO 00000   Frm 01231   Fmt 8010   Sfmt 8010   Y:\SGML\265133.XXX   265133