ACLU Part 04

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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION/PRIVACY ACTS SECTION
COVER SHEET
SUBJECT: American Civil Liberties Union

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IRVING FERMAN
a91z SENECA LANE92_;:&#39;92-0,_ _. .u 1&#39; .
BETHESDA Id. MD, -&#39;
My dear hr. Hoover:
r~y.u,/
December
10
1956V - |5 ,/ -  l,< ivT I / Y7
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Miss &#39;Li:&#39;92_n92X_92&#39;.._._:
=Tf## .g_Lf@-;;__s_:.-=. .. ..:-. -- _,..,&#39;__  , ,___,___,_
I have your letter dated December
1956, concerning my review of "The FBI
My only wish is to have a forum
someday to exyress my feeling that the FBI
has been the positive force, perhaps the
strongest, for the preservation of our lib-
erty during the cold war period.
With best wishes for a happy
holiday season,
... ,hr. J. uugar HooverVery truly yours,
,__.
Irving  Ferman!
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Washington 25, D. C.xamaeo -11  --M
RE92&#39;3i~1Ui-ED-792 1 950181953  .4! &#39;
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ERNEST ANGELI-
Chairman
Bond of OinzlonI.  I  §92.4
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v &#39;-Cnl, 17!] F!-"Tii
EDWARD J. ENNIS
OSMOND K. FRAEHKEL
HARENT TEN EYCK
- Gonna! Counnl.- . . -- .. :...&#39;-.=...aa.~¢.92.. _..-.-1--u..-.I¢..¢a.&#39;.e ii-hi-_A&#39;nJ
, NEW YORK TU, H. Y.
PATRICK MURPHY MALIN
Eaoculivo Dirogior..._-v,.-.. _.. . .
&#39; Oiiuqon 5-5990
wesxrx BULLETIN //18./in  _ f*1~E-Zr.-&#39;/,-so?!-*%ii%&#39;-,&#39;_!t~i;zs
_ rm: TO n2vI?=.&#39; or-.&#39;soRsHIP raessgzs cu MCVIES osrsnnv 51&#39; now /I. ., _ I&#39;   Alan Romsn, Auhlanl Diloclel 92.
A plan to relieve censorship pressure e:-certed on the motion pic t11re_"&#39;*i_&#39;2d:1.=t~1-y by92
self-appo.L1ted reviewing groups was proposed last week
Liberties L&#39;ni."n and its anti-censorship affiliate, the
Freedom from Censorship. .
The
the NPAA
film subjproposal, submitted to the 1-lotion Picture Asso - - .
to collect information that will help it to decide if objections to certain &#39;
acts are based on solid evidence and represent the opizxion of the motionby the American Civil - _ _92_ .Q INational Council on _ &#39; .~r~:.;;_ ".-929292-&#39;. v &#39; I
1 [1-r 9292
ciation of America, calls for
picture audience rather than the opinion of one particular group." This could be
I
psychologists and- determined, the civil liberties groups said, if opinions were solicited from: ! a
cross-section of movie goers, ! experts on the film subject to be covered, and
social scientists, "who have some knowledge of human behavior
and what stimulates it. -
The plan was present-ed to MPM. president Eric Johnston in a latter from ACLU
executive director Patrick Murphy I-Zalin and Elmer Rice, noted playwright and
. chairman of the I-lational Council on Freedom from Censorship.
4While reaffirming its total opposition to the HPA.92.&#39;s 0*.-m ccdn as a restraint on
fv-cndnm 04 A-»-......--4.-... ¢92..a ..:._:1 1.:-___.a.1..- -..._,-....a--.1.1.._.. _-.:.: 4.1.-.. ...-_... -.-.,.--__z...__~...92.~..v -. 92.492:-s.<.u_-4.vn, vuu 92.>J-I.L-B ;_.¢9292. 92l.A.&#39;~7J v4 __7cu.;uuv.|.uA;..v C-cs- vl-ZJJ tI }o&#39;J ya-.>v:;u92,.a_6
their views on "certain glaring f=1=92ltJs that...shou_ld be corrected even if the code
is to be retained in general. ~
"-is believe that one of the most serious restrictions on freedom
is the code&#39;s prohibitions against any treatrtent oi certain topics,
use of certain 92~.&#39;ords....Ir. is gar.-eral.ly understood that these prohibi
inc orpora ted into
self-appointed reviewinr; groups. Eh] their cont:&#39;:1uing pressure theseEffect, have required the industry to accept their standard of socially-accepzabl-3
film subjects and
. .7 .
Needless to
"*!*1.nio!::~., and the
ezpressic-n and do
matter treated in
"slain fr
nr.l",&#39; given up
if the public
these groups cP1of 027;.-ression
ir.:lu:llng the
aicns were
ns of certain
groups, inthe cone in the past because of the strong objectiv
treatment.
sny, these groups have a constitutional right to express their
&#39;L&#39;r.icn defends this right, but when the expression hampers free
ives other n.emcers-of the cor.-;nunitr_,I to see certain subject
films, then it is proper to offer objection.
sming the code to meet the demands oi these groups, the  has not
an :Lr.por&#39;tar.t measure of £:eedom, but it has done so without dst/ermir.&#39;Lng
agrees &#39;.-Iith their option and who ther the evils inveighor. against by
oujxi reasonably oe expected to follow. we submit that ii the I-.&#39;?.-J~.
adopted a firmer oasis to appraise the likelihood of these evils it would probably
lind it unr.ecessar_y to include the taboos it new does in its code." . _
4/____   -1
In another movie censorship development the I-lationel legion of Decency, Roman
Catholic iil:".reviewinv .:gs".".r:;;, 5:;-:e a "C" or "or.:ierr:.cd rating to the Slit: Kazan 2
film, "Baby Doll." Th: pict92.=_rc- has received t-he i-LI!;.:1&#39;s seal or approval.4 fa,~ _ ,3: vol statement, th-_- L-*;{,a&#39;.on said: ==~I.~lT!je-.=i", ::::.t1"v»1- of file film is 1-zorallgr rs;ie1!! RIG
llant both in

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_________._ __ _,7__4-L &#39;_&#39;_&#39;__l" _ _ J g _ I/._92 ___ _ __&#39; ___ ___g____--&#39; _0 _- 9292iOUSE C9*.&#39;_7.&#39;I _ &#39;_ .d>"I&#39;."92§}§I  P.§?92&#39;$E_ " !~&#39;i&#39; Sil.?:JY Ii-&#39;QUI.;7lY
A special.&#39;1&#39;:1:.=n 5.11-&#39;nrnne12t i1:fc.z.z.1tion subccnwittae, headed by Congzess:s:an John
E. ."~.&#39;o.=s 0;  a1i;rrn..2, has postponed _-_n.}&#39;u1.ries into ll-o1_=.n_-,-Q pepartnsnt i.&#39;1;o_-;:z.- tionIpolicies 92::1ti.. J_ O
3&#39;3-.8 lack of cooperation from Robert Tripp Ross, Assistant Secretary
lsgisla hive EH13 public affairs. Moss alleged that Secretary Ross had
the subcc:.&#39;r:i ttseanuary. Con-ressman Mess said that one rsscn for the po: t;c.1omex1t
of Defense for
refused to give
the roccnuzendationa of a Pentagon group concerned with easing 1&#39;09 .
strictions on_ the flow of technical and scientific information.
The House committee has been engaged for more than a year in an investigation
of government informa ticn practices. The cozmitteo planned to giw special attention
fc a report made
"Coolidge , Bostonby -2 civilian investigating commitizee appointed last August by
..cretary of Defense Charles E. Wilson, with instructions to plug the leaks in de-
zense information to "unauthorized persons." This group, headed by Charles A-
attorney and former ."-s:.tant Secro tary of Defense, had indicated
"hat Department policies we&#39;re satisfactory for the most part, but had criticized the
Iepartr.ent&#39;s over-classification of information. The Coolidge con-mittee also said
that the Departme nt&#39;s security organization is so large and complex that it could
:ot func tion efficiently .
Prior to the decision to put off the inquiry, the House committee had planned
*0 omstion the three secretaries of the armed forces, heads of research and develop-
ment units in theDepartrrent of Defense, units that review Pentagon speeches and news
releases, and public information officials.
At the ccrm
in which Les Harg
had handled a Satittee&#39;s meeting on November 15 Congressman Moss objected to the way
us, deputy director of the Department&#39;s Office of Security Review,
urdav E&#39;.&#39;-"ne Post article on Spain. The committee released the . ._ _.._.1. _
ext of -:1 letter from irr."?az~,-;-as indicating that the article in question would be ~
iffensive to Scanish officials. The article, according to  Hargus, had "not missed
s single chance t
Bless complimented
Fnd said that the
the request ofo insult t-hr: Spaniards in their most sensitive spots." Congressman
the Post for publishing the article, which appeared on January 28,
Post had deleted two sentences containing military information at
. Hargus. &#39; &#39;
The American Civil Liberties Union has long campaigned against goverrment news
Fmppression, part
of information toiculerly in recent years when tight security rules impeded the flow
the oublic. It sponsored a major report on the subject in late -cc -9,, by veteran n
and congressional
TIIIES &#39;e=.:sr.an All-en Raymond which was credited with helping focus public i
attention on the problem. -
fU3LISHER STPESSE l92}§..-{SPA F&#39;rIP.3&#39; CC»HCi&#39;3TlI-I FOR CIVIL LIBE&#39;:1TIB&#39;§_
Arthur Hays
riberties, in an
dress was the proSulzborgcr, publisher of The New &#39;lor=<___&#39;I;i_1E§§,rocently emphasized the
.:v.portar.oe of r.e&#39;.~.=spapers and nat.ior.al organizations in .x.¢f~e-ndim; civil rights and
address before the Mneric-on Jewish Congress. Uocasion for the ad-
sentation by the Conggrass of the l955 Stephen S. .-Iise award to the
Fires for outs";anding contribution ir. the extension of civil rights and civil
iioerties in the L&#39;r.itsd States.
Noting that the civil liberties atmosphere is better than it was two or three
Years ago, the pu&#39;olisher declared:
The country is regaining its sense of humor and its sense of proportion. Pri-
mary credit for this ingu-ova:-"r:nt must certainly be given to the Federal courts, which
have
g. .stood like  rock against the waves oi intolerance and even of panic. But I
.-ninlt it not z-miss to claim some credit for the various organs of public opinion, in-
cbadirtg Ir.-&#39;.-ny of tho":-;.ti.or.-&#39;11 voluntary associations such as yours, and also including
some
fortunate ly doesof the nation&#39;s great liberal nc&#39;.ss,&#39;:-apers among which  How York fines
not stand alone."
Citing &#39;.<:es~.!&#39;:_»:sr-on in tho Federal :&#39;:1t-srnal security program, 3-Ir. -SulzbergorL ~ r92 ~stated the-L. }.i.~. ;
Ooverrxrs-r=t, butZap:-r was opposed to "this 1~:-in-i of nonsense," not only within the
in all phases of our na.i~i1t92al life. He also spoke out against the
refusal by the Eopar 1&#39;.:r.1snt of Sta an .9 issue passports to a group of report?r5 1-ho 112:

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Ph-_~1-5;-w concluded that  [ho ms_r*on.=ih,?,n ,5" -&#39;na.L in 1ull_v conscious ofthe fu »_ &#39;1 1:-co society and a f1-;-2 prose azus. A able, and will rise orfall
IAh"YEF$ DRTIU A*EII92CK§ CN SU-lLE1&#39;*~.&#39;5 COURT
A represents tim group of 1a:~.yors from 31 states and territories of the lhitedStates recently expressed their concern over attacks against the Supreme Court. Thestatement was released by George I-Iharton Pepper, former U.S. Senator and prominent .Philadelphia attorney.
The lawyers spoko&#39; out in strong toms against what they tomcd "recklessattacks" which were "dangerous in fcnzenting disrespect for our highest law." Thestatcnzont urged that these attacks be repudiated by the legal profession and by
thoughtful. citizens.
The statement said that efforts to resist high court decisions by "lawful.means" constitute a self-contradiction. "The privilege "of criticizing a decision ofthe Supreme Court carries with it a corresponding obligation - a duty to recognizethe decision as the supreme law of the land as long as it remains in force." Thola:-ryers stated that the amending process; and not resistance, is the proper way forbringing about desirable changes in cons tituticnal law.
In an appendix to the statement, the lawyers placed the reasons for the SupremeCourt&#39;s decisions in their historical perspective by citing several decisions whichallegedly took over jurisdiction from the sepamfe states. In this cor-Jaecticn theappendix quoted a statement made by Chief Justice John E-§arshaJ.l in 1809: "If theI legislatures of the several states may, at will, annul the judgments of the courts ofthe United States, and destroy the rights acquired under these judgments, theConstitution itself beccmes a solemn mockery; and the nation is deprived of the meansof enforcing its laws by the instrumentality of its own tribunals."
Noting that current attacks resulted from the Supreme Court&#39;s decision onschool desegregation, the statement said that "92-mother as individuals we agree ordisagree with the school decisions, we recognize that they were t-he culwziration of asteady line of growth in t-he application of the concept of equal protection under thelaw, and that each stage was preceded by sincere and determined opposition." - I
_FEI&#39;.&#39; I- DIG CA5 PIS
Pii-113553! /715 GO?/"T. DROPS _hO&#39;t&#39;S]1ZG - . _ 0.3.112:
A surv=">.y by the American Civil Liberties Union
cases are being pressed by local officials since the Dopartrnent of Justice announcedthat it would no longer try to force persons seeking residence in p&#39;.;bli.cly-supported&#39;nousi:.g projects to sign loyalty oaths.indicates that few pending test
Before the department acted, the Public housing Authority, had lost more than a. score or test cases heard since the oath requirement -~ the so-called GrYiIzT92 ,~c.er.&#39;:u.&#39;.e!1t-- became law. The ACLU had challenged the law as a violation of free speech-
association and due process in many of these suits.
Reports to the civil liberties organization show that in nine states the oathno longer is required and the few pending cases in these areas are expectxzd to be dis-missed. They are Arkansas, California, Illinois, 2-"Iontana, Nebraska, New York, Ohio,&#39;1-annessee and Texas.
The Philadelphia Housing Authority indicated it ".»1oul:i not enforce the Federaloath or institute one of its own, as the FHA su1&#39;;.-".estod each local group might. TheSeattle Housing Authority, however, instructed its attorneys t-oprepare a r.::w oathstatute that would follow closely the federal Subversive Activities Control Act.
Denver housing authorities have declined ccmnent on 1-she the consider &#39;rescinding local resolutions iznplnmenting the G1-.&#39;i.m1&#39; Amndment.pending: be fore the Colorado Supreme Court.5
ln liausii there is no formal requirement for anout those whoare 92-.&#39;ill:Ln ; to sign one are asked to do so.oat-h by tenants,
_/&#39; ! /&#39; .12?- c   ~.:§_ I 11> /&#39;  , 
Des Hoines and St, Louis became the hOth and l:1st- cities to approve m&#39;.micip:.iordinances dealing with fair employment pr-ac ticos, acc-?rdin:_! to the puiolicaticn oi theNational Association of Intergroup Pnlations Ofi&#39;ici.,al:=...A test case of 11".".-. 10I?< +-:tato&#39;s 92&#39;~;;;r&#39;~:nt l"<.&#39;.<.&#39; will tocarried to the state Court of I-ppeals by Ezzanucl. Rcdiield, &#39;. v,.

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ii 9,5I_ Q  A, &#39; . .&#39;;o, Qf _,-  ~ - ms AMERICAN L1-:c;i»..-at   1.- *" I W I i   " ""&#39;  I V - i D 5 I. _{.¢5~*5§ B " J .- .  {I-,_ - =3.-T5g§g§%¬  " - &#39; ?:92
4 Prepared and Distributed By The Notional Americonism Commission, P. O. Box I055, lndi<mdpolis,IIndiancI Subscription rate $3.00 peryecn . _ I U
VOL. No.~v, N0. 25, _ ; e  1! b 15,1956a 92 DEx£"D5e,"vl/Li 1&#39;/¬C¬m er &#39;_-J F 6", . § I ___ I &#39; - :/- "n-"~./- -  <AMERICAN CIVLL 1251158 umom, .PA_RT 111  ,_ S»-  " " _z &#39;1 . . I ___,/I Readers will-recall that the October 15th and November;1st-issues"of The Firing Line were devoted to reports n%lative to recent activities wof the Americanwgivil Li§§£§i§§,QRiQQ%;Ig§- ACLU!. with national offices -located at 170 FifthAVenue, New York City, this 36 year old organization,*%together with 19 state affiliates, claims a total membership of about. f35,000. Continuing The American Legion&#39;s investigation of the ACLU, this issue of &#39; &#39; &#39;studies another phase of its background and currentThe Firing Line .
activities. _ See ACLU "Civil Liberties", February 1956, page 3 and ACLU A35th Annual Report: "Clearing The Main Channels", l955, pages l32~134!. - 9292!92
QIRECTORS OF ACLU - NATIONAL LEADERSHIP   i _ Ta
Based upon a September 1956 letterhead, the following 24 individuals ,are listed as members of the Board of Directors or National Comittee of theAmerican CivilLibertiei4B:£395 &#39;
BISHOP JAMES C. BAKER, ACLU National&#39;Committee member was a"l9§7pVice ere§iHEEF6??KEE?6Hi§k Federation For Social Action. According toa recent report of the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, the Methodist"iFederation For Social Action was formed by the Communist Party as a religiousfront organization. In 1948, BAKER
a "Communist created and controlled
a 1951 initiator and sponsor of the
Act, another Communist front.  See
For Social Action, 1952, page 82; COsponsored the Committee of One Thousand,
front organization"; and was listed as
National Comittee To Repeal the McCarran
HUAC, Review of the Methodist Federationmmittee of One Thousand letterhead,&#39;l948;"Daily Worker", 3-23-51, page 2; Internal Security Subcomittee, "A HandbookFor Americans", 1956, page 91 and HUAC, Guide To Subversive Organizations andPublications In The United States, 1951, page 38!.
_§Q§ERmNg:Eg;géI§L_ACLU_National Committee member and Advisor,International Work, has been affiliated with over 15 organizations which havebeen cited as subversive and Communist according to a report in the February 1,1955 issue of The Firing Line, page lh. A world War I draft evader, BALDWINtestified before the Special Committee To Investigate Comunist Propagandain the United States in 1930 "which was to the effect that the American Civil fLiberties Union upholds the right of aliens or nationals to advocate murder, assassination, and the overthrow of our Government by force and violence."BALDWIN wrote in the Harvard University Year Book of 1935 that he was for"sogialism, disarmament and ultimately for*abo1ishing the State/itself;as92an {,§oinstrument of violence and compulsion. Communism is tQef§§al;2;§{§eé1Sp¬c1&1"  Committee on Un American Activities, Investigation of P -AericanPr%pagandaActivities In The United States, Volume I, 1938, pages Q61 kégé? n¢i33! _&#39; ~&#39; &#39;/ ED-&#39;56 9 isIMJLQ3 COPYRIGHT .955 BY THE AMERICAN LEGION &#39;  --~&#39;=&#39;="=-REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR PART W|THOUT AUTHQRIZATION IS PROHIBITED. §£;/
"-4*1 050213-,

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4 _ VAN WYQR BRQQKS_1s another ACLU National Committee member. The
Firing Line of August 1, 1955 reported that BROOKS had been affiliated with
Z8 subversive organizations. He has supported the American Committee For
Democracy and Intellectual Freedom; League of American Writers; Veterans
of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade and was listed as a Contributing Editor to the
Communist periodical New Masses. BROOKS was listed as a Vice Chairman of the
Progressive Citizens of America and Director of the Independent Citizens
Committee of the Arts, Sciences and Professions.  See HUAC, Appendix IX,
1944, pages 331, 976 and 1648; "Congressional Record", 10-20-42; and HUAC,
Testimony of Walter S. Steele Regarding Communist Activities In The United
States, 1947, pages 147 and 148!. "r-~~""" """ ~~, =~~~ mu
"bl&#39;7 STUARTICGASE, ACLU National Committee member has been affiliated
with the following subversive organizations: American Committee To Save ~
Refugees; Russian Reconstruction Farms, Inc;; Public Use of Arts Committee;
Consumers National Federation; Descendants of the American Revolution and
Friends of the Soviet Union. In 1948, CHASE signed a letter denouncing
the Thomas Committee  House Committee On Un-American Activities! on behalf
of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, a "Communist front for writers,
artists and musicians."  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 362,472 58a 659689 and 759; California Legislature, Fourth Report of the Senate Fact-Finding_;*
Committee on Un-American Activities, 1948,-page 330; and HUAC, Guide To
Subversive Organizations and Publications In The United States, 1951, page 84!
4 _hRUFUS"::;;§MNT, ACLU National Committee member and an incorporator
of the Southern Regional Council, has been affiliated with the following sub¢
6érs1ve"a%gan:zac1ons= American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual
Freedom, American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born and the American
Council on Soviet Relations. He was an Executive Board member of the Southern
Conference For Human Welfare, sponsored the Scientific and Cultural Conference
for World Peace in 1949 and was affiliated with the Progressive Citizens of-m~
America.  See "The New York Times, 10-17455; HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages
331, 349, 369 and 1585; and HUAC, Review of the Scientific and CulturalConference For Wogld/Bsace, 1949, pages 33 and 58!.
  GEORCE COUNTS, another ACLU National Committee member was i
reported fBh§vebeénaffiTTated with 13 subversive organizations according
to the February 1, 1955 issue of The Firing Ling, page 15. According to page 9
of the subversive American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born&#39;s 1953
pamphlet entitled The Walter-McCarran Law, COUNTS was named as having made
the following statement before the President&#39;s Commission on Immigration
and Naturalization in October 1952: Under a fresh and-wholesome approach to
imigration, permanent~resident aliens and naturalized citizens - except for
cases of fraud or illegal entry - would no longer be subjected to the archaic
and anachronistic penalty of deportation which also should be eradicated from
our immigration laws."  . . -~
. ./&#39; a*"
"&#39;77/ }&#39; _ I; FRANK DOBIELMACLU National Committee member was mentioned as
having ¢63§e?2Eta wifh?he Civil Rights Congress campaign "directly aimed
b*against the Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities and in
opposition to all legislative efforts to destroy Communist forces in the
United States." The Civil Rights Congress is now a defunct subversive
organization. In 1950, DOBIE sponsored the National Conference to Defend
the Bill of Rights which was held under the auspices OI the American Committee
for Protection of Foreign Born and was also affiliated with the Committee
of One Thousand in 1948. DOBIE also sponsored the subversive Mid-Century

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Conference For Peace.  See HUAC, Testimony of Walter S. Steele Regarding
Communist Activities In The United States, 1947, page 143; "Daily Worker,"
9-22-50, page 5; "New Republic," 9-27-48; and HUAC,_Report on the ComunistPeace Offensive, 1951, pagel4Zl. _ .
r ,BE¥. FREDERICK MQXWELIOT, another member of the ACLU National
Comitteé§signedan open letter to the President on behalf of the now
defunct subversive American Council on Soviet Relations. In 1943, ELIOT
signed a statement on behalf of the National Council of American-Soviet
Friendship and was listed as a sponsor of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee
Comittee the same year. He also sponsored the Congress of American Soviet
Friendship, signed a message on behalf of the National Federation for .,
Constitutional Liberties and was an Editorial Advisor of the now defunct
Protestant magazine. According to a 1948 letterhead, ELIQT was 11sged as",
a sponsor of the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born, "dne
of the oldest auxiliaries of the Comunist Party in the United States."
 See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 369, 487, 941, 1248 and 1455; American
Committee For Protection of Foreign Born letterhead, 1948; and HUAC, Guide
To Subversive Organizati &#39; and Publications in the United States, 1951,
page 13!. _ 1
American Student Union; Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder, Film A
Audiences.for Democracy, International Juridical Association; and the A
National Comittee for the Defense of Political Prisoners. Currently, g
FRAENKEL is Executive Vice-President of the National Lawyers Guild, a
"Communist front which is the foremost legal bulwark of the Communist__
Party, its front organizations and controlled unions."  See HUAC, Appendix
IX, 1944,.pages sis, 619, .30, 795 and 1l76;_National Lawyers Guild letter-
head,_1956; and HUAC, G de to Subversive Organizations and Publications
in the United States 951, page 85!.
WALIERiZ§:EgL§§Q§N_is a member of the ACLU Board of Directors.
According to the testimony of LOUIS F. BUDENZ before the Select Comittee
to Investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations on December 23, 1952, GELLHORN was
identified as a member of the Communist Party. On page 52 of the May 31,
1956 Three-Year Report of The Fund for the Republic, Inc., GELLHORN was
listed as having received a "Grant-aid" for "research costs incurred in
preparing the 1956 EDWARD DOUGLASS WHITE lectures at Louisiana State
University on Administrative restraints on freedom of expression." He_was .also a former member oféphe subversive National Lawyers Guild and the Nationa
Emergency Conference f Democratic Rights.  See Hearings, Tax-Exempt
Foundations, 1952, p e92]25; and BUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 1210 and
1277! f,-"";,,»/ &#39; //&#39; .   
5&#39;FRANKgEg_§RABAlL Vice Chairman of the ACLU National Committee and
Chairman of the National Shérecroppers Fund, Inc., has been affi1iated_with
l6_subversive organizations according to the March 8, 1955 issue of The _
Firing Line, page/301 He was a 1947-1948 Honorary Chairman of the Southern
Conference92forHuman welfare, a now defunct Communist front which served
"the Soviet Union and its subservient Communist Party in the United States."
GRAHAM has also supported the American Committee for Democracy and Intellectu
Freedom; American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; International
Labor Defense; National Council of American-Soviet Friendship; and the Ameri¢
League for Peace and Democracy.  See HUAC, Report on Southern Conference for1 OSMOND . FRAE _ ACLU General Counsel and member of the Board
pof Directors as been affiliated with the following subversive organizations:

920 &#39; -11o- f-92&#39;
Human Welfare, 1947, pages 1 and 14; National Sharecroppers Fund Letterhead,1956; and HUAC, Guide To Subversive Organizations and Publications in the~United States, 1951, page 104!. "" &#39; _
/ &#39; &#39;
JOHN HAY MHQLM§§§ Honorary Chairman of the ACLU Board of Directorshas been~FTTTTTateg@£ith the following subversive organizations; MedicalBureau, American Friends of Spanish Democracy; Russian Reconstruction Farms,Inc.; Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder; Friends of the Soviet Unionand the League of American Writers. In 1950 he sponsored the Mid-CenturyConference For Peace and in 1953 signed a letter to the President askingamnesty for eleven Comunist Party leaders convicted under the Smith Act. See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 380, 472, 619, 758 and 977; HUAC Reporton the Communistnieace;Offensive, 1951, page 149; and "Daily Worker," 1l-15-5§,*page-8!. I 92*"  jTk&#39;,»l_*f;_f _ &#39; . _ W. &#39;Tg/*&#39;  " ; a&#39; {Y T92f_Qf *J.Tp.n_ . e >y1»1~~&#39;"&#39;_J 1,1. 1; yi; I1 § B,_W, UEhSCH4s the ACLU Treasurer and a member of the Board of »Directors. He was listed§onpage 7 of The American Legion&#39;s Report On 49&#39;UNESCO of April 1956, asgh/former member of the United States National  "Commission for_UNES§OFwho had been affiliated with "nine organizations citedas_subversi¥gWhy~the United States Attorney General or the House Committeeon Un-American Activities." According to page 36 of the Report on UNESCO,HUEBSCH has supported the American Committee for Democracy and IntellectualFreedom; American League for Peace and Democracy; Book Union, Inc.; CitizensCommittee to Free Earl Browder; Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Comittee and theVeterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In 1950, HUEBSCH sponsored theChina Welfare Appeal, Inc., another subversive organization.  See HUAC,Appendix IX, 1944, pages 334, 390, 589, 619, 941 and 1648; and China WelfareAppeal letterhead, 1 0!. A
&#39; ROBERT Huxculygg member of the ACLU National Comittee andPresident 0 The Fund for the Republic, Inc., needs no introduction to readersof The Firing Line and The American Legion Magazine. In May, 1956, the TNational Executive Committee of The American Legion in approving ResolutionNo. 559  Maryland!, stated that "we strongly urge the House Committee onUn-American Activities of the United States Congress to initiate itsannounced intention of further investigation and hearings on The Fund for _the Republic and its activities. _ &#39; H
9 On November 17, 1955, the National Commander of The American Legionstated that "on the basis of our evaluation of the record, the principalIlrégirection  of The Fund for the Republic! emanated from DR. ROBERT MAYNARD .UTCHINS, the President of the Fund...DR. HUTCHINS&#39; record  See The Firing Line9-15-55, pages 91 and~92! shows_a wilful refusal to consider Comunism asanything more than a political ideology,..the record of DR. HUTCHINS, andthe record of The Fund for the Republic under his direction, is replete withevidence that he does not believe,Communism is a clear and present danger inthis country and that he is more interested in opposing Comunism&#39;s enemiesthan in opposing Communism."  See "The Firing_Line", ll-15-S5, page 123!.
*-92 JOHN,b,l?_§J,@!,I§,l3__{;7=&#39;_is a member of the ACLU Board of Directors. JONEShasybeen affiliated with the following organizations which are cited assubversive and Communist by the United States Attorney General or the HouseCommittee on UnAmerican Activities: Consumers National Federation; Inter-national Labor Defense; League for Mutual Aid; National Federation forConsti utional Liberties; People&#39;s Institute of Applied Religion; Mid-rCentuty

_ . N1 -111- I 5 .. -
Conference for Peace; Methodist Federation For Social Action and theof One Thousand.  See HUAC,_Appendix IX, 1944, pages 659, 843, 984,1464; HUAC, Report on the Comunist Peace Offensive, 1951, page 149;Review of the Methodist Federation For Social Action, 1952, page 81;Republic," 9-27-48!. " 
¢v"&#39; sl{&m&E§X§§§XQ§*1§_a Vice Chairman of the ACLU Board of Directors.In 1950, MISS KENYON appeared before a subcommittee of the Senate-CommitteeOn Foreign Relations and admitted under oath that she had sponsored theNational Council of American-Soviet Friendship, Inc. in 1948, and was Haffiliated with the Conference on Pan-American Democracy; League of Women -shoppers; American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom; Lawyer&#39;sCommittee on American Relations with Spain and was a member of the AdvisoryCommittee of oa§EEHaas;s of the American Revolution.  See Report, StateDepartmentFnmloyeeLoya%ty Investigation, 1950, page 44!. &#39;l&#39; - &#39;",,MAi:;;hNERe~another ACLU National Committee member has a recordof affiliations with,subversive_organizations according to the 1954 Reportof Tax-Exempt Foundations, pages 325-328. On June 2, 1949, the Daily ,Worker, page 2,/reported that LERNER, identified as columnist for the NewYork Post had asserted that the trial against the leaders of the CommunistParty has no business being in court. I don&#39;t see how anyone with a _rudimentary knowledge of the-history of Communist movements can doubt the .-basic rightness of William Z. Foster&#39;s plea, in his long manifesto, thatunder American conditions the attempt to use it would be fantastic.&#39;"LERNER has been affiliated with the following subversive organizations:American Student Union; American Congress for Peace and Democracy; Frontier qFilms and American Comittee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom. He hasbeen listed as a signer of the Golden Book of American Friendship with the &#39;Comittee
1247 and
HUAC,
and "New
&#39; Soviet Union, a cited "Communist enterprise signed by hundreds of well-
,..known Communists and fellow travelers."  See HUAC, Cuide To Subversive as»0rganizations and Publications in the United States, 1951, page 55!.
ROBERT S &#39;L;hDwi§ca member_of the ACLU National Committee. Accordingto a con§?essi6aT?¬$3rt, LYND has been affiliated with the American Comitteefor Protection of Foreign Born; League of American Writers and the NationalCouncil of American-Soviet Friendship. In 1940 he signed a statement defendingthe Communist Party and was a member of the Board of Directors of the subversiveAmerican Russian Institute. In 1949 LYND sponsored the Scientific andCultural Conference for world Peace and was listed on a 1956 letterhead as-an Initiator of the National Committee to Repeal the McCarran Act. Thislatter organization was cited as a Communist front by the Internal Security Subcommittee this year as one that defends "the cases of Communist lawbreakers." See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 354, 980, 1096, 1125 and 1200; HUAC,Review of the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace, 1949, pageS9; Internal Security Subcommittee, A Handbook for Americans," 1956, page 91;and National Committee to Repeal the McCarran Act letterhead, 1956!.J. RQBERf:5;;EyHBIMER,,member of the ACLU National Committee hasbeen mentionedlmany times in past by The Firing Line. In June 1954,OPPENHEIMER was denied security clearance and access to classified governmentinformation by the United States Atomic Energy Commission. This Commissionfound that OPPENHEIMER&#39;S continuing conduct and associations have reflecteda serious disregard for the requirements of the security system... and! havefound a susceptibility to influence which could have serious implicationsfor the security interests of the country." In 1943, OPPENHEIMR stated that"he was not a Communist, but had probably belonged to every Communist-frontassociation on the west Coast and signed many petitions in which Communists g 392
!
re __! 1_

 .92 4 .-. i r92.  l E pf I
. &#39;  . -ll2- -
Communists were interested.Y He has made "periodic contributions throughCommunist Party functionaries to the Communist Party in San Francisco Areain amounts aggregatingnot less than $500 nor more than $1000 a year during
a period approximately four years ending in April 1942.  See United StatesAtomic Energy Commission, "I The Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer," May 27,
through June 29, 1954, page 4 7and 21!. &#39;
J§IS§0F~C;*§RQML§{MQ§§AM,,ACLU National Committee member, appearedbefore the House Committee on Un-American Activities on July 21, 1953 and
admitted affiliation with the following subversive organizations andpublications: National Council of American-Soviet Friendship; Protestant Dig
Soviet Russia Today; American Committee for Spanish Freedom; Medical Bureau
and North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy; and the Methodist
Federation for Social Service. OXNAM stated before the Committee that the A
_renders "very valuable service_in maintenance of the civil_liberties of this
country."  See HUAC, Testimony of Bishop C. Bromely Oxnam, 1953, pages 3599,3629, 3645, 3653, 3656, 3724 and 3734!. .p r , . 1..
_ BISHOP EDWARD §::§;R§QN§;;Vice Chairman of the ACLU NationalCommitteesi§§§d$ahAmicus Curiae Brief in September 1955 to the Supreme Couof the United States asking that the Court "void" the Internal Security Act1950. According to the California Committee on Un-American Activities, PARS
has contributed to the Communist Daily Worker, sponsored the subversive Cali
Labor School, American Committee for Yugoslav Relief, American Youth For Demand the San Francisco Branch of the American Friends of the Chinese People.
 See "The Firing Line", 10-l-55, page 100; California Legislature, Report of
Joint Fact-Finding Committee on Un-American Activities, 1947, page 79; andCalifornia Legislature, Fourth Report of the Senate Fact-Finding Committee o
Un-American Activities, 1948, pages 132, 144 and 185!.
x UAMES Q,/FAITON, ACLU National Committee member is also Presidentof the FarEEr§EdUE¬tT5¬T&#39;and Cooperative Union of America, commonly knownas the National Farmers Union. PATTON has been affiliated with the National
Committee to Abolish the Poll Tax and was listed as an initiator of the Natic
Congress on Civil Rights held in Detroit, Michigan in 1946, out of which emei
the subversive Civil Rights Congress. He sponsored a testimonial dinner whiz
was held under the auspices of the American Slav Congress and submitted a stz
ment to the House Committee on Un-American Activities in 1950 in opposition t
proposed anti-Communist legislation.  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, page 1167
HUAC, Report on the American Slav Congress, 1949, page 106; California
Legislature, Fourth Report of the Senate Fact-Finding Committee on Un-America
Activities, 1948, page 201; and HUAC, Hearings on Legislation to Outlaw Certe
Un-American and Subversive Activities, 1950, page 2353!. - &#39;5&#39; "_T7ELMB¬&#39;RICE, member of the ACLU Board_of Directors was reported to
have be¬E"§ffilia§dwith 17 subversive organizations and publications accord
to ghe Firing Line" of February 1, 1955, page 16. 
AUBRE¥!ILLIAM§,neditor of The Southern Farm &@Home and contributineditor to TheNewS$Utherner, is a member of the NationalCommittee of theACLU. According to a report of the Internal Security Subcommittee, "AUBREY W-4F1LLIAMS was identified as President of the Southern Conference Educational F
Inc., who had been a member of the Board of the SouthernConference For Human
Welfare...MR. WILLIAMS was identified by a witness as one who had been a membof the Communist Party. He was also identified by another witness as one who
accepted the discipline of the Communist Party. The Firing Line" was instruin exposing WILLIAMS in its July 1, 1955 issue.  See Internal Security Sub-
committee, Southern Conference Educational Fund, Inc., 1954, pages VI and VIIand The New Southerner," April 1956.!

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loud of Diroflcn _ A__ __ __ _. __.?* &#39;»      -Y  eownw 1. emu: .... ~; ;,..PATRlCK MURPHY NALIN &#39; .
"&#39; "  &#39;" "IARENYIENEYCK  _- ~  - -~.---~--&#39; .. . ., .
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wzsxnr amTIN #1881 e r /&#39;7 @ W  ~&#39;  .&#39;f?~"AcLti mmouucm MAJOR ORGANIZ-4TIo3f1A.L EFFORT 11? 59" ;;1- ». 0?, .
Alan R|ié..u.~., A-l$:84UIl§ Dhxlol
- r~;*.:..-;.<-.» V» &#39;-"..k. yx  .. .4 .!_._
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M!.9.£ ..- °§9292Q92k92&#39;The Union&#39;s dec_ _;_1 _ Calling the guarantee. of Sull civil _ri&#39;gh"ns 1&#39;_c-r every_Ar;arican V _
v"l lib ""-as issue before the net-ion, the American Civil liberties Union a.&#39;1.n::1mc_7
&#39; ed &#39;12:-st weekia major organizational effcrt &#39;i.n.the Sou:-h to provide new sup-port for.92.;-J .- -_ ~ ._A.&#39;~l _ r" &#39; Uwltho national caznpaign to e&#39;1i=T.i:.ate discrimination;        -  -&#39;... 1.--- - ~~-- ~ -......_.... . ., _,..- _. .  .. _:.-Qji.==-"92 &#39;
ision wees disclosed in a etstement coamemorat-ing the 165th ce].e_:92.&#39; _92
 b i 4 c Pill 0 &#39;*&#39;i his Day the ezmiversa;-y of the final adcp-mm of t-he first beg! - rau o-1 -L . .. g ,
am-andmnts cc the Constitution. {he etaternentwas re-leased by Patrick 1-iu:_:hy Malia, ._ ACLU ezecut-:l".e director. &#39;  -
 1-1515:; declaredthat the focus oi the ACLU errcri would be to build a larger
. 4 t carp: of volmteer lezryers 92-£10 v.&#39;c&#39;.&#39;.u:1 be available promptly to handle all }..LI~d-E Q
civil liberties cases for all grc=u_trs in the co&#39;r-mznity. Special attention also 1-:5-.11
be given to es";-a&#39;:lishir.g rm:
mediate objertives, he said,
act&#39;i92&#39;ity is resenting. _&#39;Ehe i&#39;r.ior. $_1_the lest yeezf and
affiliates in Louisiana, ilentuc}.-y and Flf921id3-0 _ &#39;
""vInile r-*2.1:y civil :&#39;i,¢;&#39;nte azivanses continue t-Q be
As s result of
to build local orgar.
Rights. As local xi"-1;,
J.?.92{y"3IS on the scene
r=
are gre
V P-i¬_§h§3;
to thisat nurie-ere of
med." -
!Z&#39;r does -i&#39;::e e
¢-/-1.&#39;.i:*_&#39; Y1?-.TTr  r
hatirel probi-.=.:rl=
actively to help»I
~O;?;~&#39;.~s:-=.:1 tlmere." Kalil; said t-h-:t- the ACLU
:.<:.hiev=.= ?&#39;_..i¬-gZé;T.iODu ._ -
ci~.~.1_1 Li?
aafionThe
E? f &#39;w_q1
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vi-be Le -. %I&#39;.*.:_=.;*1?_
&#39;:.&#39;_fe. E-= 1&#39;-.::.: .-._._-5 &#39;3
The oihcr n&#39;.a;}
oi  ii;=:.g;.ri_, .. ..are .,,..u ase=-rt/=-1."said, "tr: opposition is the S=.:;*:~;-2:-:2 F.-:~&#39;lrt-&#39;5 decision
-tiw. 1-2-ebler.-.::. Iii-_= cl»:-:-.551 of &#39;.-oizizzg rights in the la <
Negrces and the barrier; aet up to bl"-ck the wcrk of
Celerwi ?eo;l.e and the Urban league r=ean~tha1&#39;/tlze
- sfeech and association are i&#39;.;*.reatane:i.".
Cur effort. will not be s 1-For
S:-::.e cf tr~.e:~.. have
art-ies
G5 T-QC
3-w k &#39;1v._v&#39; ~ ,1,
&#39;:~ Oi ;.:.-= ..v2:=-&#39;.-:.#~e92A..tA 1-roses; cf 1:":-e "&#39;*.s:&#39;~-- 71&#39;  --~-._,- - »~-_-c~ &#39;:"". "&#39;":-&#39;-:~:-1 will join  ~:-ii"&#39;? ".~==~"%&#39;~{§?n0 r-F-r..~_1=--. ...._ 1 u ._.._ &#39;A .;L?.? waits in Soutvlurn states en-1 ln::e.lit:er~. The :.m- " -
Ifcri-h Carolina and Texas, where interest in ACLU "
bone;-hall has est-.=b]_ishsrl - -~ ~: -=.-- .~
made 11- the 002th, I.
,1-,4; _;;;.us.=¢d serious. civil libErj__
st election to large I113!-.b!=1§&#39;£f
the Iieticnal Ass:-ziaiicn 0:"
First Ar-aendment rights .o£.£ree .. -
these attacks, the ACLU  ad sa d, there is need £0: othezigrc-up; . r.e i
izaticns 92=1".§.&#39;:h will r="r.:*ess ire full observance of the Bill of. .: &#39; 1- i~i:r.e; of civil liberties occur, he F5.Lc, ,¢.C..U volunteer
will be available to give legal aid as needed. .
&#39; :&#39;r.-im;>~s-.=i ca:npaigr., I-Ealin continued. "Them V
people 92»."St&#39;:j:. .»..»e South izaeli who want t-0 uphold 1-be Bill of
asked our orgarizational aid, and we are responding
t-utbern organization mean that othe:- areas of ther~- . &#39; hr ~ : ; :5 &#39;. *4 m{1*:a:~i.=
aid :11 cr;.&#39;-&#39;=_;;x" etic: are s.-_.-1 .-cards, IZ.92;.i_.: .=e;=i. -J-r-g:ega&#39;
hey evitwb in the North, East &#39; Rest, too,  must be c-r_u:92&#39;LL7
s t&#39;..&#39;enf_,--thre-3 affiliates are working
called attention is the need for chick Con-
t-o revise Senate P.-.=.le 22, which no»: eex"-en
gi.=lati&#39;92:92 1- death. Eweep1~.-2;ee:..&#39;l.*. aim
frent:-.  is- - *:~. ; __&#39;.D_Z&C&#39;.lCr1E:~.&#39;.S
rcrt-3-. &#39;., c1-&#39;1&#39;. 1.-0 :1;_._-=.=-
.-ht: ls-""lati?.". to cor:-: A
1 ._,_ < , _ _-. ..- {L 12:.-..&#39;:< .L*!.- -.&#39;~ _-.~.=..,-.,-. m- -4 _ -_. ,.;~..-.- _,,_

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should also consider 92.-hethar the Pafugee Relief Act, which expir-es at the end of thismonth, should be extended to deal with the pressing med to give these refugees
a_hay&#39;en._"
ue Hungarim tragedy, Malt: amid, makes drzmet-icslly clear the need for
neral revision of lczericer, immigration laws, pa."ticularJ;/ the need to el.i:rJ-flat!glscrimtzatory barriers based on national origin amt to provide speedier entry -
ough careful removalof unnecessary security invastigat-ior.s. _
_2¢"92:o;_s_&#39;1&#39;_;:&#39;92r:t.Az1:>g~_-,s__c,2g-"_1__1&#39;i};¢:-at no.1  CIjY_CE:!5ORSHIP
The publishers anddistributors of two official nngazinee of nudist organkationshare petitioned the Haw York Sn;-rene Court for an injunction to stop New York City of-
ficiels from preventing newsstand sale of their publications. _
In a new brief on a long-penn,-3 case that has been tried twice without e zosulg-
ing decision, the plaintiffs argue mainly that suppression of their magazinzs violates
the free speech guarantees of both t.-he Iéew-York State and the Federal constitutions.
me suit was begun in 1952 after Edward T. 1~2:Caifrey, New York&#39;s cc-am-.issio::er of .
licenses, oz-dared 1,200 city n-ztrssi-.*:.d operators to stop handling S:_;:§sh5_ne & Healthand Sun Magazine on penalty of losing their licenses. Besides bbCZi&#39;:J1*ey, the suit
also named as a defendant forzter Police Cc-::;nissicr~.er George P. 14:-neghz-_n of bewforkCity. Since the case first arose the pressure on the newsstand operators has ceased,
but t-he case is being pushed to win a court ruling that ciw officials hevino -
authority to act as censors in this manner.  "
"Hinder the First l_&#39;r12ndmenb the plaintiffs bad as mx:&#39;n right to publish and die-tribute their publications as the n..i-*- ly newspapers in I-Few York have in publishing and
distributing their issues," the brief concluded. "Ié;Ssf£rey&#39;s assured role of censor
umarticularly with respect to tm suppression of future issur:o...is Ln direct con-
flict with rights of the
the propriety oi printedplai.nti.¬1s....I?.feed, while the classic censor posses upon -
rietter which he has seen and appraised, the defendantP-cCafi:rey here claims the power to cc=n:e:r.:1 in advance zretter not yet 92rritten._f
Toe brief ar,-gazed in aclclitiont-hat Mciaffrey had violated dm process clauses ofkw State end i»e-rleral con:-tit-utions because he failed to notify the r.-.egezir.es publi-shers of his action or grant them a he-era.-r.g; and that the word "obscene ," which the
license om:-zissioner applied to the magazines, is not a s1.z;&#39;fici-er.-t3.;~&#39; deiinite one
Joan &#39;-mith to found am; system of prior res:-reir.t." In this Lstt/er correction,
counsel for the plaini-iifz re-m.in:1ed the court of changing star:l.&#39;.rds of morality fro:
year to year, as well asover longer Periods of tics. Tzev held that mshine & _ _ H :-._ . ~ - S&#39;- _
Health and  I-Zegazin-2 could not be judged obscene by  reasonable starrlams. =-is
l"=AQ@J,O3"_RICI-§E_&#39;IS_h  I192?_L§3&#39;}AL P_R¬Br1DINC-S
A complicated legal
in New York City who are
Questiores of Congression
I The story began insf-rein has been woven by court proceedirxgs involving teachers.
challenging t-new employment dismissal for refusing to answer
al irwestigat-&#39;l.ng comittoes. >
1952 and 1953, when a number of Hex»! York City teachers andcollege proressora were -disnissed  Section y-&#39;33 of the City Charter because they
1.-leaded their privilege
or:-r*.itt-&#39;:e-e= probing alleged
 Leclarc: that the claimagai:.st se1.f-inc:ir.in:*.iot:- uher. qvesticned by C-::=;z<:ssionz.l
Cc;-;~.v::4$t :&#39;~r.i&#39;luenr,e 32 oiucztinn. This charter }:*r0"~S.*:i0n
oi s92:.:.l-1 p:&#39;iv&#39;;1:,::-by a cifj ezzzrlrr-=:=e when cuest-ic:&#39;;e&#39;.i cc~::enx-
ing the perfozr.-:-;r.ce of his duties or the property or a1"I.=.:&#39;.rs of the C§;&#39;;;~ results is a
orfeiture of exr.:>l0.&#39;!P.ent.; Followin: their dismissal some of the teachers bro-*:_ht . . _ of
egal pr-:A-2:-a-dings, clsiziirg that .-3;:-ey did not come within Section 9C-3 because they
were errplc-;:ees of i.r.:.-2:.-cniznt bodies, not of the City, and b¢C259 the 3:-revision did
not a_up1"y to q92;est-ionic; by 1&#39;.e&#39;.v:re.1_ 2.-5;-.>r.c:7os that had no supervision over u-&#39;.u&#39;92.i.c:&#39;pa1
oduoat-Lc:.. They also claimed that 11i.=,;&#39;.i.:>-sal ~..&#39;.d-er the civ"-:&#39;u-&#39;~s tsc".-zes d-:-;.ri92ed than of
due process a: gzozrsnteed by
Constitution .
= " *:"ceenLh Ane&#39;..d.r_ent. to the Ilnited Stats:
In 19514; the ew York state Court o Aroeals ruled b to 3 that the charter pro-
v&#39;$:~im did a;cp1;,1 and sustained tho dismssela without n:.s-russion oi the constit-utirfalissue of due process. Toe &#39;.eac!&#39;.ers then all appealed to the united St-ates Supreme
C0&#39;;.r:., which r;1e:&#39;. in April 1955, in the ca:--2 of one of tner, Professor iieny -Slcchowsr
cf Broclzlyz. Co3.&#39;3.e;je, that his di5r.iSS2~1 was e de~nial&#39;cf&#39;d-.-e process, The a_r-peels oxthe ctr:-are were wiismlseed on i;%.~_; giro-92;::d t-1&#39;:-it they heal not I-31ni»é92iJn&#39;=&#39;J their dos process
chain by explicit .2-:&#39;:< . 4l~ . .. &#39;-c~n of it in their briefs in ti.-3 state Court of App-:als. me
i/:.=_&#39;.~!.~:r-  ..1i:..._,&#39; z.:.:&#39;.:rl the state ::&#39;.»;&#39;~t to roconsiucr ita position.  Re UnitedStat/a.  I &#39;"c Court has not yet. acted on a simi a-g-;-lication.! _
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-/ .-&#39;._~¢¢i~.-ur sums: nevi - 3 - Z December 1&#39;1, 1956,
ti:-&#39;13, a Dr. Juiiuw h&#39;lavat=_v," a h§;.>.- X!-cacher, bed brought a sep-arate p ..eet..... 5:, in which hi relied mt only on the dz. _ recess clamo, but claimedalso that dismissal because oi the ass-e&#39;rtion of his prinllogc against self-. .incriua ticn under the Lhit-ed States Constitutica constituted s violation of that partof the Pom-teonth :L1=*ndr.ent 1-:h:T:h be:-s a st-at/e 1:-oz.-. depriving a citimn of !"1i"i1J»§$aand _:Ur:r.u~:itise guaranteed by the Ccr;stit92.*.ion. That case was held under advisement{or ouer three years. 92~"r.en the Ilzu York Court of Appeals £.~J1aJ_1y adopted thedecision of the U. 6. .&#39;>92:j:~r-ems Court with regard to Slochouer and ruled that he was _entitled to reinstatement with back pay, tb:-n Hlavatyie case was decided in his ~favor; he has actually been reinstated. &#39;. _- §_&#39;;&#39;;{_§§,_&#39;_*
While the rain cases were per.-.-1ir.g, a number oi additional persons who were dis-missed under Sectic-1: L3 entered into stir-ulatic-ns with the city authorities agreeingto accept the neeult of these original cases. There are two such groups - those era-ployed by the Board of Education and those exzplt-;-ed by the Board of Higher Education.in view of the fact that Slochcwer was one oi the parties to the original proceedingagainst this latter board, the atipvlants in ti"-s second group contend that +.*.92&#39;-#3 areentitled to the benefit of his vicirzery. That issue will be brought to court if theU. S. Supreme Court acts un£avor:{&#39;_~1y on the 1:-ending application of tlm original . .parties. _ , . - -_  .
In sun, therefom, Dr. Hlavaty has been reinstated and Prof. Slochoaer soon willbe, but there are reports that the latter may be suspended on new and differentcharges. None of the ct-hers who were parties to the original litigation or thestipulations have been reinstated. V _ » e 
Their fete depends on what the U. S. Supra.-ze Court villdo unless the statecourts uphold the contention of the second group of st-ipulants that they should be ;treat/ed like the successful Sloch:-aeer- rather t-iusr. like his on"-iginal but unsuccessfulco-parties. On the other hand, no new persons can be dismissed under Section 903,because of a claim oz privilege when questioned by federal authorities not concerned
with municipal education. _ _ _ _ _, _ _
K-one of this litigation has any bearing on the right oi the educational . _ __authorities to dismiss a teacher or other emplofaae under the 2-Zew York State Feinbarglaw became of present rrszabcrship in the Ccm-.r;nist Party or for refusal to answerqxsstions put by these school authori ties about present or past membership; 92~1o1:1.i-ersuch refusal is based on a claim of privilege or otherwise. The right-of theauthoritieo to dismiss teachers who have testified about their own past membershipbut have ref92:-sea to infcm or- others is new in the courts as the result of proceed-ings inst-ituted by New York City to review the decision of State Education-&#39;3o:r.issic;:er Allen last August, to the effect that such q92sst»ioning was » ~~improper. &#39;" _
po=.&#39;au:x;r;ujr 32- &#39; , ;I&#39;1&#39;i Pogo! cu__u_0;::s _sc_1=u&#39;r_I_r1_c P.:S:1l-KRCH -
__Lr r  _._, ,
Security restrictions finally have been relaxed in the case oi scientists &#39;-1ork- &#39;ir.gon Federally-supported projects of e. nor.-secret nature, e.&#39;:cordir.g to an armou::ce-tent by Sherman Adams, J».ssistar.t to President Iisenhower. The Admir.istrati0n&#39;s actionresulted from z~eco:-&#39;mendetions maria to the L-.ite House by a oo:~.miti..ee of scientistsheaded by Dr. J. A. Stratton, of the I-Assachusetts Institute oi Technologgy. &#39;
The r-_=:92~.&#39; security policy, which has been hailed by the National Science F0-mdationas most I-.=a$sL1:i.ng to all," pr:92ri&#39;.°.e: that Federal aid shall not be t:i:r=.nel:i becauseof an allegation of dislc.j:a&#39;: ty 1:-n.-01&#39;.-&#39;:&#39;_r.g a scientist engaged in n;~n-SZ*$I<_2i. research.In the future nor.-secret research pro-jects will be awarded on the basis of a scien-tist&#39;s competence. - &#39;
The ACLU had raised objectic-no to the go&#39;:err.-»er.t&#39;s polio}? of extendm; lo;-,&#39;altyprocedures into nor.-s:~r.sitive work on the gro&#39;-;r.i that the nation might be deprivedof sci.e:1t:7fic advancement oecause of quest-ions about the "1-:>yaILt7_v" of researchers.At that time the Ad:1ir.i:tration&#39;e j:?_=i"ior.. as stated by I-ir. i&#39;.d~::ns, was that "onlythose who are loyal to our ;ovar.sr.e:t- ld. be the bertoficiarics of g;v:r:-.:.~znt
grants -in-aid." - * &#39; &#39; &#39;
The corzittee of scientists, ir. Ilakini; itsmeportthe general position which had been urged by ACLU.
CIVIL I-I3_Tr.T ..RI:FS . _
The Vatican&#39;s action L1 placing two books by Simone do Beauvoir, the French Writer, on i+.= Index of Prohibited E:-eke is viewed as e condsrnation of existent-ii~=~ism. T.-.=. v:l~:n=.e were "Ike Second Sex" and "Thr; I-*.e.:.dari;cs"..Jrowsts from Cat-holi-as j_zegariir-.z; reed->_r..;; mater!-Al--available in military post exchanges in ncmea and Japan1&#39;32 3&#39;! *"*5?*.~._:i92>l=:, the. 1-E-92r.!.::92.at:-n Post. and TL"-1s~Eer-=13 suggests. for the DefenseD&#39;-"r--&#39;==i~&#39;-&#39;--er-~s c-ir&#39;.~:i.i~;a c>:=r.»|-:1_r=Zf "1?--?=<.|_L:Zl7&#39; &#39;5ocl7s"er.d megazimu frcn. axmd sr=:w&#39;io-88 ~ 1.11:-rariza a".&#39;l past ex-:ha1.ges _ ~to cm Wh.-.te House, adooted  " " """* "

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,_r .w§me*~~? BISHOP JAME§G;f§A§ER, ACLU National Committeegmember was a 1947 A$7 THE AMERICAN 1.E:c;.f§!"__" &#39; , _. 4 .
@-"§;5¢e_v P _
Prepared and Dxstributbd By The Notional Americonism Commission, P. O. Box 105$, Indianapolis, Indiana
_ &#39; I   &#39; Subscription ra1e$3.00peryeur A I _ __
VOL.&#39;N0. v, mo. 25", __&#39;_ V m,[&#39;}E%éDy&#39;:£;;,v,_Z December 15, 1956 ~6 / &#39;56.- _ I §§ERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNIO L PART III: -  ____J_____.__,_,__,___,._-_,-<.._.--...-- -_-,._.__,_,__ - _ : _   N p _  I __- Readers will recall that the October 15th and November lst issues_»=of The Firing Line were devoted to reports relative to recent activitiesof the American Civil Liberties Union, Inc.  ACLU!. with national officeslocated at 170 Fifth Avenue, New York City, this 36 year old organization,;¢¢,together with 19 state affiliates, claims a total membership of about.x Tf<35,000. Continuing The American Legion&#39;s investigation of the ACLU, this*Y 1issue of The Firing Line studies another phase of its background and currentactivities.  See ACLU "Civil Liberties", February 1956, page 3 and ACLU LQ.=,35th Annual Report: "Clearing The Main Channels", 195$, pages 132-134!.*
&#39;--* rs.-_i~,. . - _~ _ p . ,_ 1. _.v »__ -4 _ ....._.,. .. _~.;, _~ _ _, ._, _ .~ _ 1 ;,  _ _  _ _._.__;_ _- -_7_v,.._-_,_______7_ ,1 __.._. .,,,_,_: _~.,._ ;.  .1 _ _- _, _ . _ _.T .,_,_- . . - _ _ ,_ .v.. ...-. . .- ,_ <_ ._. . ,- . ,_ _..; . -...--- ~_~._~&#39;,_ - .  ... . _ , _ .w _
__ gmscrons or ACLU - NATIONAL 1,EAnERsn1re-??§?:=*I&#39;§Yf?i&#39;1 __-§._i. _ . . ~ .. _ , 92__- , - - . .~._1,=~_..;-..<,,._; - ~ . - . . ~ ~.:.ec&#39;._-&#39;--<,~-Li I - Based upon a Septe er 1956 letterhead, the following 24 individualsare listed as members of th Board of Directors or National Committee of the.American Civil Liberties on: _     _ _  . -.&#39;7927&#39; &#39;  &#39; . ." _ ;_,-<~-_.&#39;-.1, _
Vice Pr¬§i3¬FF&#39;3Tthe"Methodist~FederationF5r Social Action. According to -a recent report of the Senate Internal Security Subcomittee, the MethodistFederation For Social Action was formed by the Comunist Party as a religiouslfront organization. In 1948, BAKER sponsored the Committee of One Thousand,a "Communist created and controlled front organization"; and was listed as &#39;a 1951 initiator and sponsor of the National Committee To Repeal the McCarranAct, another Comunist front.  See HUAC, Review of the Methodist FederationFor Social Action, 1952, page 82; Committee of One Thousand letterhead, 1948;"Daily Worker", 3-23-S1! page 2; Internal Security Subcommittee, "A Handbook HFor Americans", 1956, age 91 and HUAC, Guide To Subversive Organizations and"Publications In The ited States,/1251, page 38!. _, , -
;_ ROGER__,ABALDWI§bwACLU National Committee member andMA§Xi§or, International WorkTha§been affiliated w1¬5*aoer 15 organiiations which havebeen cited as subversive and Communist according to a report in the February 11955 issue of The Firing Line, page 14. A world war I draft evader, BALDWINtestified before the Special Committee To Investigate Communist Propaganda - ~in the United States in 1930 "which was to the effect that the American Civil,
.1 P 8 , _ , _,_ 5assassination, and the overthrowcofggup ,_,_rnmen b ~ or e "d&#39;vio1en¬ef"BALDWIN wrote in the Harvard Unf¬3?§¥%§¬ggg¥ Book7hfyI§35¢;hZ: he_yase{orf*"socialism, disarmament and ultimately for abolishing the St§§¥§£§¬1ZR§§%ninstrument of violence and compulsi0n._ Communism is the goaI " EfseggspéialCommittee on Un-American Activities,_Inaestigation of UnAme;¬c§h Propaganda &#39;Activities The United States, varume 1, 1938, pages 161, 4_§_g__;9a_s33!_.§=:==="_Liberties Union u holds the ri ht of aliens or nationals to advocate murder<:3£
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_ vAN_w*_g§.g%§1_oo1<s is another nctr National _Com;ni_tte_e_,_me.H.1b_e_§,. 1115 -.
Firing t15¬"8¥X6g6strT~19ss reportedQthat&#39;§ROORS had been_g§filiated_with
28 subversive organizations. He has supported the American Committee Po}
Democracy and Intellectual Freedom; League of American WriterS;92Yeterans
of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade and wa§listedasaContributing Editorwto the
Communist periodical New Masses. BROOKS was listed as a Vice Chairman of the
Progressive Citizens of America and Director of the Independent Citizens
Committee of the Arts, Sciences and Professions.  See HUAC, Appendix IX,
1944, pages 331, 976 and 1648; "Congressional Record", 10-20-42; and HUAC,
Testimony of Walter S. teele Regarding Communist Activities In The UnitedStates, 1947, pagjs/Z47Sand 148!. »_ , , ,
_ . STUARZKCHASE, ACLU Nati9nal_Committee member has been affiliated
Eith_the_f3lT3wTh§§UbVersive organizations; American Cpmmitteei§§L§§gguRefugees; Russian Reconstruction Farms,~Inc.; Public YE? of~Arts Committee;
ConsumersNational Federation; Descendants of the American Revolution and &#39;f
Friends of the Soviet Union. In 1948, CHASE signed a letter denouncing
the Thomas Committee  House Committee On Un-American Activities! on behalf
of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, a "Communist front for writers,
artists and musicians."  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 362,472, 58¢, 559
689 and 759; California Legislature, Fourth Report of the Senate Fact-Finding
Committee on Un-America Activities, 1948, page 330; and HUAC, Guide To
Subversive Organizati s and Publications In The United States, 1951, page 84!.
._;," RUFUS 4 3_ACLU National Comittee_memberuand an incorporator
of the Southern Regional Counci1f&#39;h§§EE¬haffffiateluith the foll6wingMsub- »--_--r---**~-~~*-i*" . &#39; "&#39; . . *~~---»~~" 
veraive organizations: 92American COmm1CC§§?£Q£mR§@9CC§CX_§§¢;Q£§ll§CC9§1Fregdpm, American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born and the American *5
Council on Soviet Relations. He was an Executive Board member of the Southern
Conference For Human Welfare, sponsored the Scientific and Cultural Conference
for World Peace in 1949 and was affiliated with the Progressive Citizens of
America.;  See "The New York Times", 10-17-55; HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages
331, 349, 369 and 1585; 63 HUAC, Review of the Scientific and Cultural
Conference For World P ce, 1949, pages 33 and 58!. ,
I . .
M GEORG _j UN$S¢=another ACLU National Committee member was _
reported to have been_affiliatedmwi§HfI3M§bbV¬¥siVé6r§§Hizati0ns&#39;according
to the February 1, 1955 1$suE"6i The FirihgIihETpagelSf&#39;AEcBrding to page 9
of the subversive American Comittee for Protection of Foreign Born&#39;s 1953 
pamphlet entitled The Walter-McCarran Law, COUNTS was named as having made A-
the following statement before the President&#39;s Commission on Immigration "
and Naturalization in October 1952: Under a fresh and wholesome approach to
immigration, permanent-resident aliens and naturalized citizens - except for
cases of fraud or illegal try - would no longer be subjected to the archaic
and anachronistic penal of deportation which also should be eradicated from
our immigration laws."
. - . -  -. V . .
~9v A J. FRA&#39; ;_OBIE% ACLU NationaluQgmmigteeFmember_was mentioned as _
having cooperatEdwiEE:§hgGCivilTRights Congress campaign "directly aimed
agains¬the.C5ngr¬§sional Committee on Un-American Activities and in ,-
opposition to all legislative efforts to destroy Communist forces in the
&#39;United States." ThetCiyi1 Rights Congress is now a defunct subversive
organization. In 1950, DOBIE sponsored the National Conference to Defend &#39;
the Bill of Rights which was held under the auspices of the American Committee
for Protection of Foreign Born and was also affiliated with the Committee
of One Thousand in 1948, DOBIE also sponsored the subversive Mid-Century
. r/lg 7

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¢gQERIC@§mClYlL LIBERTIES UNIONS 0 £itH"e&#39;f~n  fa l i f6rh&#39;i::r "Bran ch"-;~e&#39;t
. AmericanmCivil"Uiberties Union
~; National
3=&#39;New York l0, New York.5 ._.Office-- 170 Fifth Avenue
;Dear Lou: " 
&#39; I have already sent you a wire to report tersely our decision _~~of last evening. Let me elaborate.t 92
After a lengthy and searching discussion, the Board concluded,A but not unanimously, that it would be both fruitless and hazardous.to press for an appearance before the Walter Committee. Instead,
3% can find a small"1". I
L05 ANGL&#39;LLES T1?-HES.
p.-mu_..,,.: There will
R5 subpoenaed plans
- would be helpful to us here to have soon§y;there~is little prospect of fair handling of our
be here a First Amendment caseo
to oppose the Committee on pure£3; grounds, when he is cited it is our present interest to shepherd» his case into court as a frontal test of
~~ship in any of the other cases now going
._ contest of the Committee.
e Certainly, our greatest sense lastA it was decided that we should try to get our views before the public=» by way of press, radio, and television, althoughwe recognize that
statement. If weburied treasure we will buy advertisement in the
ne of the people
constitutional &#39;
the Committee&#39;s poweru It
a review ofACLU relation-
up on similar points of
evening was one of frustraonat finding ourselves here in the same futile corner we have occupied. so many
Angeles
V-This is
.& that we
- than we
c -.
u;0f the most effective
;.Committee,$3We can be ._.
;;way to support and to
~;¥stantial undertaking.-mp"m is underway over the country to which we can relatetimes. The Committee,-I am sure, has spent more hours in Lesthan in any other city, except perhaps Washington, D. C.old business for us, and itis indeed discomforting to findare in no stronger position today respecting,were 5 or l0 years agoo We feel strong need. organization strategy and the confidence of knowingthis Committee
of National
that a program
our efforts. , We have no such confidence at this time. We strongly recommend,v»therefore, that, at the earliest possible time the Rational leadersof the Union address themselves to the task of organizing a project
sort, aimed at the abolition of the House
counted upon to pitch in in every practical
participate in such a well-conceived and sub~
.§§%§ k -I enclose our ballot on Constitutional evision. I will writefjgyou again soon concerning other matters. " &#39; .
»;_92.-.-,-"- -. - . . . i &#39;1" *3*_~.,.,_-3,-_ . _ U - 4-  _  " . &#39; .-&#39; "&#39; - 4.. - _*#§§Q_ "» &#39; - §§CLH§U5§§ Cor ally yours, I L;$2 J» E  Q  K : 1 &#39;1; ~f"é/ .~e 0Oit28~-
92e /s/ mason Monroe! u - _ kid. ..4.....4-----~~ --~-<~--~~=- 1--|-92,_;_ ;  ,1 -.1
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,  .f,".&#39;-5:11.- _ &#39;. &#39;..&#39;1_&#39;P;* . _ ,;_;.,;__~|/  /&#39;9292Conference For Peac:T>  See HUAC, Testimony of walte. S. Steele RegardingCommunist Activities In The United States, 1947, page 143; Daily worker,9-22-50, page 5; "New Republic, 9-27-48; and HUAC, Report on the Communist Peace Offensive, 1951, page 1i7}z
REV. Fxsnsgigghygggigr, another member of the ACLU NationalCommittee;_§igned an open letter to the President on behalf of the nowdefunct subversive American Council on Soviet Relations. In 1943, ELIOT signed a statement on behalf of the National Council of American-SovietFriendship and was listed as a sponsor of the Joint Anti-Fascist RefugeeCommittee the same year. He also sponsored the Congress of American SovietFriendship, signed a message on behalf of the National Federation forConstitutional Liberties and was an Editorial Advisor of the now defunctProtestant magazine. According to a 1948 letterhead, ELIOT was listed as a sponsor of the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born, "oneof the oldest auxiliaries of the Communist Party in the United States." See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 369, 487, 941, 1248 and 1455; AmericanCommittee For Protection of Foreign Born letterhead, 1948; and HUAC, GuideTo Subversive Organizations and Publications in the United States, 1951,page 13!; .  u
&#39;QSMONDgK::FKZENKEL, ACLU General Counsel and member of the Board of Directors has been affiliated with the following subversive organizations:American Student Union; Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder, FilmAudiences for Democracy, International Juridical Association; and the National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners. Currently,FRAENKEL is Executive Vice-President of the National Lawyers Guild, a"Communist front which is the foremost legal bulwark of the CommunistParty, its front organizations and controlled unions.P  See HUAC, AppendixIX, 1944, pages 519, 619, 730, 795 and 1176; National Lawyers Guild letter-head, 1956; and HUAC, Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publications in the United States, 1951, page 85!.
. EQLTER E,~GELLHORN is a member of the ACLU Board of Directors.According to theNte§tim5y"6f"LOUIS F. BUDENZ before the Select Committeeto Investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations on December 23, 1952, GELLHORN wasidentified as a member of the Communist Party. On page 52 of the May 31,1956 Three-Year Report of The Fund for the Republic, Inc., GELLHORN waslisted as having received a "Grant-aid for "research costs incurred inpreparing the 1956 EDWARD DOUGLASS WHITE lectures at Louisiana StateUniversity on Administrative restraints on freedom of expression. He was also a former member of the/subversive National Lawyers Guild and the NationalEmergency Conference for Democratic Rights.  See Hearings, Tax-ExemptFoundations, 1952, page Z25; and HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 1210 and 1277!. -
92:FRANK B<fGRAHAM, Vice Chairman of the ACLU National Committee andChairman 5TFheationalSharecroppers Fund, Inc., has been affiliated with 16 subversive organizations according to the March 8, 1955 issue of TheFiring Line, page 30. He was a 1947-1948 Honorary Chairman of the SoufhernConference for Human welfare, a now defunct Communist front which served"the Soviet Union and its subservient Communist Party in the United States.GRAHAM has also supported the American Committee for Democracy and IntellectuaFreedom; American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; InternationalLabor Defense; National Council of American-Soviet Friendship; and the AmericaLeague for Peace and Democracy.  See HUAC, Report on Southern Conference for

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1. ¬;q;&#39; -110- @;*l» . . ~ . 92 ,Human Welfare, 1947, pages 1 and 14; Nwtional Sharecroppers Fund Letterhead;1956; and HUAC, Guide To Subversive Organizations and Publications in the United States, 1951, page/164!. &#39;y/// . ._JOHN,HAYN§S:HULMES, Honorary Chairman of the ACLU Board of Directors has been affiliated with the following subversive organizations: MedicalBureau, American Friends of Spanish Democracy; Russian Reconstruction Farms, Inc.; Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder; Friends of the Soviet Union and the League of American writers. In 1950 he sponsored the Mid-CenturyConference For Peace and in 1953 signed a letter to the President askingamnesty for eleven Communist Party leaders convicted under the Smith Act.  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 380, 472, 619, 758 and 977; HUAC Report on the Communist Peace Offensive, 1951, page 149; and Daily worker, 1-15-53, page 8!. &#39; _ A.941: 1_mB*1MtmHUEBSCH is the ACLU Treasurer and a member of the Board of Directors. He was listed on page 7 of The American Legion&#39;s Report On UNESCO of April 1956, as a former member of the United States NationalCommission for UNESCO who had been affiliated with "nine organizations cited . as subversive by the United States Attorney General or the House_Comittee"on Un-American Activities. According to page 36 of the Report on UNESCO, HUEBSCH has supported the American Committee for Democracy and IntellectualFreedom; American League for Peace and Democracy; Book Union, Inc.; Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder; Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee and the Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In 1950, HUEBSCH sponsored the China welfare Appeal, Inc., another subversive organization.  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 334, 390, 589, 619, 941 and 1648; and China Welfare Appeal letterhead, $950!. 4 -
ROBERIMMq~HUTCHINS, member of the ACLU National Committee and President B? The Fund for the Republic, Inc., needs no introduction to readers of The Firing Line and The American_Legion Magazine. In May, 1956, theNational Executive Committee of The American Legion in approving Resolution No. 559  Maryland!, stated that "we strongly urge the House Committee onUn-American Activities of the United States Congress to initiate itsannounced intention of further investigation and hearings on The Fund for the Republic and its activities.
On November 17, 1955, the National Commander of The American Legion stated that "on the basis of our evaluation of the record, the principaldirection  of The Fund for the Republic! emanated from DR. ROBERT MAYNARDHUTCHINS, the President of the Fund...DR. HUTCHINS&#39; record  See The Firing Line 9-1555, pages 91 and 92! shows a wilful refusal to consider Communism asanything more than a political ideology...the record of DR. HUTCHINS, and the record of The Fund for the Republic under his direction, is replete withevidence that he does not believe Communism is a clear and present danger in this country and that é is more interested in opposing Communism&#39;s enemiesthan in opposing Comm nism.  See The Firing Line, l1~l555, page 123!..7
"&#39;QQ§NmPAUL£§QN§S is a member of the ACLU Board of Directors. JONES has been affiliated with the following organizations which are cited assubversive and Communist by the United States Attorney General or the House Committee on Un-American Activities: Consumers National Federation; Inter~ national Labor Defense; League for Mutual Aid; National Federation forConstitutional Liberties; People&#39;s Institute_of Applied Religion; Mid_1Century
3IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII;-_--"--""_*

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. Conference for Peace; Methodist Federation For Social Aeeion and the_ of One Thousand.  See HUAC, Appendix 1X, 1944, pages 659,~843,92984,1 1464; HUAC, Report on the Communist Peace Offensive, 1951, page149;Committee
1247 and
HUAC,- Review of the Methodist Federation For Social Action, 1952, page 81; and "New
Republic, 9-27-48!. J &#39;
DOROTB§kég;YON is a Vice Chairman of the ACLU Board of Directors.
In 1950, MISS KEY635§EE?éa before a subcommittee of the Senate Committee
On Foreign Relations and admitted under oath that she had sponsored the
National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, Inc. in 1948, and was
5 affiliated with the Conference on Pan-American Democracy; League of Women
5 Shoppers; American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom; Lawyer&#39;s
5 Committee on American Relations with Spain and was a member of the AdvisoryCommittee of Des;9ndants of the American Revolution.  See Report, State
Department Emplo ee Loyalty Investigation, 1950, page 44!.2
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3
924 1 MAXF&#39;ERNER ~another ACLU National Committee member has a record -i  ._ ~----~-- .-1.. ».....-.j of affiliations with subversive organizations according to the 1954 Report
3 of Tax-Exempt Foundations, pages 325-328. On June 2, 1949, the Daily5 worker, page 2, reported that LERNER; identified as cogfmnist for the New1 York Post had asserted that the trial against the lead rs of the Communist
Party has no business being in court. I don&#39;t see how anyone with a
rudimentary knowledge of the history of Communist movements can doubt the
basic rightness of William Z. Foster&#39;s plea, in his long manifesto, that
; under American conditions the attempt to use it would be fantastic.&#39;" _
LERNER has been affiliated with the following subversive organizations: *
American Student Union; American Congress for Peace and Democracy; Frontier
Films and American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom. He has
been listed as a signer of the Golden Book of American Friendship with the
 Soviet Union, a cited Communist enterprise signed by hundreds of well-
known Communists and fellow travelers."  See HUAC, Guide To SubversiveOrganizations and Pabfications in the United States, 1951, page 55!.0
4
A~ 4 ROBERT-8¢&#39;L§ND is a member of the ACLU National Committee. According
to a congressi3naIreport; LYND has been affiliated with the American Committee
for Protection of Foreign Born; League of American Writers and the Nationali Council of American-Soviet Friendship. In 1940 he signed a statement defending
 the Communist Party and was a member of the Board of Directors of the subversive
 American Russian Institute. In 1949 LYND sponsored the Scientific and
Cultural Conference for World Peace and was listed on a 1956 letterhead as
an Initiator of the National Committee to Repeal the McCarran Act. This
latter organization was cited as a Communist front by the Internal Security
Subcommittee this year as one that defends the cases of Communist lawbreakers.
 See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, pages 354, 980, 1096, 1125 and 1200; HUAC,Review of the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace, 1949, page1 59; Internal Security ubcommittee, "A Handbook for Americans," 1956, page 91;" and National Committ e to Repeal the McCarran Act letterhead, 1956!.
&#39; _.,&#39;»~-~,J_.4___RQI§E1;&#39;];§QP_P,}§Il}{HAEI1iER,,mmember of the ACLU National Committee has
* been mentioned many times in past by The Firing Line. In June 1954,
" OPPENHEIMER was denied security clearance and access to classified government
, information by the United States Atomic Energy Commission. This Commission
found that OPPENHEIMR&#39;S "continuing conduct and associations have reflected
a serious disregard for the requirements of the security system... and! have
found a susceptibility to influence which could have serious implications
for the security interests of the country. In 1943, OPPENHEIMER stated thatI "he was not a Communist, but had probably belonged to every Comunist-front
association on.the west Coast and signed many petitions in which Communists92-
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~&#39;   .~ - "&#39;.z&#39;§5~§&#39;0 "l-&#39;-L¬~"»v-"&#39;4_1"&#39;w 4 &#39;7 vi,-&#39;,&#39;  -I 57""e-92 , _ 1 _ f /J-X . . . &#39;
1 r .Communists werd¢interested." He has made "periodic contributions through
Communist Party functionaries to the Communist Party in San Francisco Area
in amounts aggregatingnot less than $500 nor more than $1000 a year during
a period approximately four years ending in.April 1942.  See United States
Atomic Energy Commission, "In The Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer, May 27,
through June 29, 1954, pages 4 7 and 21!. ._ BISHOP G. BROMLEL¬§§AM, ACLU National Committee member, appeared
before th¬H6EEE66HitEEe6n"nn=Ameriean Activities on July 21, 1953 and
admitted affiliation with the following subversive organizations and
publications: National Council of American-Soviet Friendship; Protestant Di
Soviet Russia.Today; American Committee for Spanish Freedom; Medical Bureau
and North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy; and the Methodist
Federation for Social Service. OXNAM stated before the Committee that the
renders "very valuable service in maintenance of the civil liberties of thi
country."  See HUAC, Testimony f Bishop G. Bromely Oxnam, 1953, pages 3593629, 3645, 3653, 3656, 3724/and03734!.
.92/ _ -BISHOP EDWARD L4fFARSONS, Vice Chairman of the ACLU National
Committeé§i§¬danfAmicus*Curiae"Brief in September 1955 to the Supreme Co
of the United State§askig that the.Court "void" the Internal Security Act
1950. According to the California Committee on Un-American Activities, PAR
has contributed tQ&#39;Ch8 Communist Daily Worker, sponsored the subversive Cal
Labor School, American Committee for Yugoslav Relief, American Youth For De
and the San Francisco Branch of the American Friends of the Chinese People.
 See The Firing-Line", 10-1-55, page 100; California Legislature, Report o
Joint Fact-Finding Committee on Un-American Activities, 1947, page 79; andCalifornia Legislature}/Fourth Report of the Senate Fact-Finding CommitteeUn-American Activities, 1948, pages 132, 144 and 185!.
JAMES §¢:§TTON, ACLU National Committee member is also President
of the Farmer&#39;s Education§Tand Cooperative Union of America, commonly know;
as the National Farmers Union. PATTON has been affiliated with the Nation;
Committee to Abolish the Poll Tax and was listed as an initiator of the Nat"
Congress on Civil Rights held in Detroit, Michigan in 1946, out of which emi
the subversive Civil Rights Congress. He sponsored a testimonial dinner wh
was held under the auspices of the American Slav Congress and submitted a sf
ment to the House Committee on Un-American Activities in 1950 in opposition
proposed anti~Communist legislation.  See HUAC, Appendix IX, 1944, page lh
HUAC, Report on the American Slav Congress, 1949, page 106; CaliforniaLegislature, FourthéReport of the Senate Fact-Finding Committee on Un-Ameri<
Activities, 1948, ge 201; and HUAC, Hearings-on Legislation to Outlaw CertUn-American and92S versive Activities, 1950, page 2353!.
~__~1jQQi RICE,/member of the ACLU Board of Directors was reported to
have been affiliated/with 17 subversive organizations and publications accor
to "The Firing Ling of February 1, 1955, page 16.
- L/ 1 ~/ __AUBRB§jQILLIAMS, editor of The Southern Farm & Home and contributiditor to h     , is a member of the National Committee oi the T e Rew&#39;Southerner - . &#39; b4§§CLUy According to a report of the Internal Security Subcommittee, AUBREY
/WILLIAMS was identified as President of the Southern Conference Educational
Inc., who had been a member of the Board of the Southern Conference For Hume
Welfare...bm. WILLIAMS was identified by a witness as one who had been a men
of the Communist Party. He was also identified by another witness as one wt
accepted the discipline of the Communist Party. "The Firing Line was instr
in exposing_WILLIAMS in its July 1, 1955 issue.  See Internal Security Sub-
committee, Southern Conference Educational Fund, Inc., 1954, pages VI and VIand The New Southerner," April 1956.! i _ _

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.3 .. December 19, 1956
e mlnzzép ; 4, &#39; @
I thought yougigbt be interested in an ex-
perience which Rowlar watts related to me.- ,__.__---- &#39; --~
ibout three weeks ago, a Dr. Ahflumberg, of
the Communist Party, called on W5TT¬Tt5urgehLu to
get the nationalACLU_t0 start a full-scale attack on
the House Un-AmeFiEaHhctivities Committee, indicating
that such a projectloomed larger than ever in the
minds of the Communists.
Watts seemed surprised to see Blumberg, since
the representative of the Communists that has been
seeing him has been ST#Gerson. "=Y- ,*=*v ____,.-0-Q--"_ _~_¢»-._-., . _
Soon after this viét, the attached letter
from Los Angeles came to the national office.
lrving Ferman -
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Kentucky may l-:3I
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When the Sen Frnrzc:i.sc.o h-1.:-1"in_<:s <»pcn1.*.-:1"  &#39; &#39;  .:H 1, that their c.-fzcc-;, if na; ...:nir inter.-:1
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cause nearly all oi the c-:..:-..&#39;.ds fer r
LncludJ.n;; Efeside-rat Eisenhc-&#39;.&#39;cr," the AC1.-
fair, unnecessary and a. violation of fr-2
said: "We dcn&#39;t need public 2~.cz-win-&#39;_:s to C"
seized upon mu harsh and <!is::"i.::-.ir.;92.cr_92&#39; .1
political hazy. itting up :&#39;.rc-hf; _r;rcu-3"-as to
technique....i&#39;l&#39;hr=t &#39;n&#39;ould be ucro to the g~aI&#39;.r~."discover what 1-h-are is 0&#39;2-cut our :.r:1igrui;ioc::::-uniet "cc-:s;=piracy" UQLJtatement was noted by the I12J:92ring that .i.&#39;.&#39;s pzxrpo.-as ."~ mt to d:.L~-zizrr liar:
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Ccrnunist e>:ploitsticn&#39; end than to rec.:>..:.".en=j needed cl:/.92z1=j:e;=."c -=n&#39;:t
Opposition in Les Ange}: was Conc-&#39;!ni1r&?.-ad en thr House Cc:.ui*U. _ _.,rn on 1..-1:. A..- u -92lL1.31ll Cal;.om.1.1 A.-LU br critics cf the i:&#39;:ir&#39; ti  "== "" &#39; "4  1"  ~"
considering suppc-rting 0. pcssiblc test case 1--.1; in-g issue with the
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classes  by .&#39;5~:n:.i;o: :§:.rb&#39;2rt
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F.-e::::rts cf sczrsgzted
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fense Char1es_E. 211::
some to Sehetcb Lehman
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8  ; ..92__._.  ._Word of the Ar:r,&#39;,"s action was .r;i.ven to Scnstor Lehr.".e.n in a le
ess, ..ssi$to.r.I: Sccvetzz:-_v cf D=&#39;:f=:r.:a for 21-;-:.:1-aver, P.:r:~1cr=rm]. nLe-it :- :&#39;.r_-;1c4=.-sea t...-..".. r-..&#39;_;reu.:".;:r.1; .-"..».: 7.10zn rv:§.~.i1r.:<i to 1:-zr::»lt nu se
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uso Cor.-.&#39;r:i. -..:»-2 r."i:.ch e.r:n0u&#39;:cn.-1 at the bepin
erits c.92&#39;.&#39; 1=2,ji.<"l:r.1cn bug 1,
0 legislation. _. _ u .. |,._..,,,
~."u COLL] :2 923r..r-:.d the 115.12-
of uz-"_,&#39; :.:.-1-&#39;.."-;-&#39;zr&#39;Pr editor-
r is sq_921uz;-lg, icrhidden
C
cm CcJ.ifc-1-nia. cc.&#39;:&#39;.rr.r_-nted-&#39;-ill &#39;E&#39;r i . _ J r-.11 cg"-pczsii-21.021 to the
that is r.-rat unfair be-
frc.-m anti-C¢~1:::=.:n1sts,
-.c um }:c~nrir:;»;-7 are un-
rr: C-»iliiorn:?.1 group
-..==cov-.: tlnf; ;=. 2:&#39;1::cE?u.":. of C&#39;:&#39;.&#39;_*..=;.:i?"&#39;:: have
=1 7:?-:a::3 01 1r;.?:i.=:_:;
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t wculzl be an c.=.fc::~t by ch: Cc-:.::;&#39;:Y:ec to
n 3.-.92&#39;;s that m:.:.&#39;e than so vulxaerafule to
tree&#39;s z~.ttn-cl-< on
snch snirl it. was
Co1:_=nit&#39;¢eu&#39;s action.
its pzsts, including
ted i:~."y.zJ..-"i es into
f I;e*.&#39;r&#39;1.1rI~:. 3--&#39;-.=netc.
of Sec:-vi:-..:_-, cf Cc
co:.1jeJ./;..1.&#39;;t -.;hich
- yr-2 ::l0!;:;nl at
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g;1&#39;e=f_at.c<:!
our-gess said, heirs-er, that service persrmnel were free to attendbases, whether ss-grs-gated or not.
As-e. result of tire .u:::;."s directive to end s-tfzrcguted cl=&#39;3e:*rgi.*92 dropged its extensicn courses at Fort Ziezming, and the Z1Systenz drop-pefi its :-;:";1*e7e:ed courses at Fort C-or/ion, iiecwzji
&#39;-&#39;IitI&#39;92 the L&#39;r.i&#39;.&#39;er:J.t;,&#39; of 5?".-&#39;..;h Csrolira at Fort -1&#39;:-.-&#39;:!&#39;:.:m has  J
it was no; lam-"tr. that segregatien 1-as the cause of the terzni
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;-2 -"1-;ur..:o oi civil l.i:- to his
E. :7» -. -,...&#39;. . -.-1... ..-.92. George .c,  ...-......:.~ --nu
Ship, said "if
er. B22" .92:r.:ci-.t
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&#39;:e;&#39;:t emu of }:u~:di::..Jwxti E3111 .#.S:=o::iz1ti0::, by :1 vets oz 203. to 82, E1513 approved the rr.en;her-92 -Ship appl -  . cf. Ja.m+:s C. Pemzlise, =3:i.nci:".ns<.i attorney and pr
Union, slimming r». six-no
lxdfilission was his posit-ion
~::tm&#39;.u1i:: ts , Coxzzuzpist cmx.-3~:
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the blir;..
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nth controversy,
with the U:-zicn, which
.~: and un~.92;t.;:-icen
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A  &#39; I&#39; Tl» American Civil Liberties Uhion has intorceded f-X a hat manufacturer who has &#39;
been grevented tron bidding on governzsnt business because -_hs. invoked the Fifth &#39;
Arrndnent dnrirg Federal investigations. , .&#39;¢ ¢"- " &#39;
In a letter to Secretary of the Arsw Wilbur ll. Brucksr, the Union&#39;s stat! counsel,Rowland Watts, said that these "serious civil liberties questnm are raised" by theoases - _
The imposing of an_illega.l emotion upon an individual who exercised his ousti-
tutional rights under the Fifth Amndnent. ~
The deprivirg of an individual of his property uithout due process of la through
the prolonged and continuing investigating process, "which presumably could continueforever with-out any opportunity for  tho individual! to be informed of the charges
and the outcome of the investigation, and of an opportunity to properly defend himgu,
"A situation where punishment in&#39;the torn of debarrsnt was ponulgated by theDepartment of the Navy, and now on the sane najor facts, suspension by the Depart-ment of the Arm, thus resulting in a double punishzzent for the tam offezne, if aw.
The case concemed Sol O. Schlesinger of tin D/B/A Ideal Uniform Cap Conpaw, who
told ACLU he had been under continuirg investigation for four years, This fell, hesaid, he was notified by the A.-z:;y that the suspension previously effected shall re-nain in force until such time as mtters pertaining to prior Departnont of Defenseprocuretsnt Iron you have been investigated conpletely by thekecutive am!
Iaegislative Branches of the Government,
Schlesinger pleaded the Fifth Amendment during a Treasury Department investigationand later before the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Governmnt >erations, which wasinvestigating alleged nispractices in tie nilitary procurement field. The latterelainad that by this action he had "forfeited any right to engage in future business
with the Government, ,
"In aw other Executive branch  ct the government!, lir. Schlesinger would have re-liei under the Administrative I-rocedures Act," Watts wrote, "1 an confident that youll {rant to see hin have at least equivalent. relief by the Depaztzzent d. the Arm,"
_ CEKSGISHIP Q RADIO AND TV CRITICIZED BY FCC C&#39;.&#39;l§£iISSIO!&#39;&i
Efforts to censor radio and television broadcasters were decried by Robert I,
hortley, a member of the Federal Comnmications Comission, before a recent nesting
of broadcasters. ,
Addressing a regional conference of the Rational Association of Radio and Tale-vision Broadcasters, Bartley declared that "not onlq should there be no censorship ofthe broadcaster by the Government, but there should also be none by am other groups.
He referred to various pressure groups which he said are constantly tryingto imposecensorship upon the broadcaster, and In urged broadcasters to resist such effwte.
Bartley traced the areas in which the FCC nust see that the law is carried out.
These ccznerned clear identification of p&#39;ogra::&#39;. sponsorship and materials! equaltreatment of candidates fcr public office and tor controversial issues; and cases oine&#39;cs-slanting, He said, however, that the broadcaster "should not be reluctant totake an editorial position in various public issues, but.,,92&#39;-hen he tek Such I W31tinn, he should identify it as such, and should take affirmative steps to see that
equal time is 3:-ovided for all other sides of the question,"
& termed oases of news-slanting an abuse of the license privilege which cannot
,,,be condoned by the Comndssion." .
Bartley called on broadcasters to familiarize Congressional committees vith the"problem: surrounding oersorship and urged that program abuses be curbed th:-ell-&#39;;-= $915regulation. he said that the function of the FCC is to review the st&#39;e1v&#39;s.rd$hip of a
radio or T1 station, and explained that this function had nothing to do with
censorship.
_ _ CIVIL LIEIEZTIES BRIEFS I
. It is reported that large farm in the Princeton, Fla" area ncn have three sets~oi&#39; toilet facilities! one for whites, one for Negroes, and a third for Puerto Risen!,,.&#39;lhe Few Haven Civil Liberties Council recent-*4 held a special dinner to honor d9-
Iense counsel in the recent Connecticut S|:d.i.h Act trial. T}: attorneys were oi-WC!for upholding the finest traditions of the American Ber in the rep-esentetion of uh-populsr ca.uses=...&#39;Ehe K-aseacmsotta legislature has been asked again to approve a billclearing the noses oi 22 persons cornemsed to dooinias witches in Salem in 1092-93-
Thie is t&#39;m first tins such a measure has been inumduced. &#39; &#39;
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- December 31, J355
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-P9.1"3&#39;>Y... f_>z&#39;;-,.-Z_j_1_-; ;;j__~m, z._._t . up_ dafim was prgpngqd in11¢ by ACLU =922:-c".1t:.~.&#39;-1 di.&#39;."cci&#39;-or Patric}: .r-<-.
¢ffi<?-&#39;~.1.&#39;= 3:." g~"n&#39;.~:-:&#39;_-".&#39;.:~:92t- .=.gem;i:»s "rr.
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im, r.&#39;.~]nt..ng H1: w-..ri:~.~1cn t;
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lgi=J , :h enacted a "vcpil cFa§7nm0: 15 .1. yted no retain schoolsegrega 4 practicas. &#39;z;.1n::1ti;-.1: K ou:-n 0015-inn !;y t-ha state
J
&#39;~ .11" " - 92
hhils rccognizinn that the lnniqlarivd cal ba£§n its avplicntins "on tbs..-dirtincticns amrnw .us<ls of &#39;~* To  nl --P I :1 :- zwi "0 ~ 11
1.1ctQr:1 ," theI ,i su~_o, 51¢ , ps§cz:l ,1 J1 0. o.n.r QC» al ncientjficlb briof assorts than it was the cl~sv intent of tho l:gi&#39; -*- -dssl with its achocl iztfgraticn problqn in a ray vhichtkns "viclatiwa of .:re to
Four-
:eenth Anrnizant to tha Constitution. 1:0 courts," states the brief, "will piarco Ehe 92?il cf suHterfugo...will soarcn inio loqislaiiro intJnt, and will questicn the
c0n5titutlon.iiy of apyrrnntly non-discriminatory legislation... _
I
In concluding
rhat
take
»-v ~nu.
l..;@E5
nzcrr :
G733 "FEEY DOLL? AND "zmrbrief, the ACLU recognized that lo:al"prcblnms exist but urgedtho Dada Counzy school auhcritics host the integration problem squarely and
stops where "Lntcgraticn is imediatnly possicle." &#39;
I -JIHTR"FIT1S
Iaoding ProtestantIovnr tho slzcz-;:&#39;_n;; of the
iby a Chicago TV station
The "Baby Doll" clash arose when Cardinal Spallmsn, in
~tearancn in tho pulpit, warned Rcman Catholics against seeing the film undar pvnaltyo
if-erno anti t&#39;:=a
Y 311-5 Office and
- Cardinal Sp»;f tho Protestant
tors, sc¢r=j g
munity. Tckin
lug aw n loyal
sxpression of
. tic of Cc mwni
mental
in tho cause
The contr
- ncclesiastiozl
":12 no reason
British equiva
Baby Doll" ma
viously was no..1
While
that localthe+¢2"
and daplorablo 
It has rocoivod _ .
sod
szerrad autonpns or minority groups"
3 up Cardinal S;elL:u.=s CG;b?b that
citizrn in dofons: ~r Amnrica, Dean Pand Catholic churchmon were engaged
controversial liln "Baby Doll," and
of the movio, "inrtin Luther."
. -. nhizh to:an unusual PQTSCDSI
.f ccmmitting a sin. Tho notion picture, which depicts lilo in a Mississippi
aoncarno a young girl who is married to a nan twice har age and bsccmas involved
, A younger man. It had boon plzcad in the "condemned" .:teQcry rv tho Catholic
L12 crganizntion, its lngicn of D~cr"cy, "moral f"cj»11ant tofhin a dispute last wgok
the alleged suppression
ap-
area,
wi fh
review-
in
in his ainiement, Cardinal :,ilnan said it was "azicnishing
State censor.
tc iycso.4. .-..._..--_:1 ;,.;g&#39;;_&#39;z.|...
idzs, iron description of a rosl sitkauiin in a
H. "TF2 rnw patriot," ho continuad,
_ uihoriiy and against majority or minority pressure gof . =&#39;~ » ~ Hxv... . .--._.
t%cu;nL c.n¢rol.
owarsy
dirac
. -3"-
lent of
3 a brilliant
C i-he sort. of
prelates discussod
movio ethi
throat; of fiilililassumed int
tor of "**-
adult Catholics
citcrz ngre withdrawing the picture
prsssnuwshouli not see"
the
thing for thor;htless pecple.
he moral qualitieslka said whatll:an&#39;s pcaition was csntastod by the Very Rev. J£m?3 &#39;
_ Triscopzl Carhodral in New York City. Data Pike, uhthe right of Ca iinal Spollnan to establish rules of ccndust fer his cun cnuzch
Til?
~J- L
;| .1. ,-,_,..1._ .~,_,_
w$;,agiwt*uch an "immoral" film had boon certified tor public exhibition.
. "=51 of apnrovll from the £121 industry&#39;s cxn Erodunaion Coda
the New York
Dsan
aicnding
2.-=::.1
cnm~
-,.Lzv. L"&#39; 1? will on tLo
it 11L: h: ta?
.n of irén
. aractwris-
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¢vC0r* &#39; ~10 spccial standnzs of that grou, . Issnz is censozuhir, not the1n;rit - particular picrurw. h station n 5 is itself to coertitn by3?cci: Ef:;¢$& czL-cups abdjcates its responsibility to cpa;sio the statisn in thegublic interest,"
C u..v J &#39;. . 92,_
HARLC?PHiVIL§E, Eh. Qi¥ CH LEAFLET DISTRIEUTICN
Efforts of the
lzaflets were halfsd by a Chsrlctcsvillo,
viies that pamrh1alS shall not be publicly
the city authoritlos. &#39;
The Council sought such a pezmit, which was refused. Tho pamphlets were nonethe-less distributed, mSoabcazd Units Citizsns Council to distribute pro-segrngntiaa
Virginia ordinance. The ordinance pro~
distributed without a permit issued by
:1 the team of six persons responsible for the distribution wars, . . azuvsted, but were irocd by the state&#39;s attorney for lack of CYld0Dbe¢ Subsequently
a city councilman rrcbcsvd t-e dcoticn oian ordinance designed to close. L a.Charlotiesvillcis parks to any grcup Lzought tcgzthsr to discuss either segregationor integration. The ordinance was, however, not passed by the city council.
The pro-segregation panphlets were described as "vicious,"d were reported tocontain photo mont1ges shsxing whites and Negroes together, as wall as "vnncmsusanti-Scmitism." According to infOF1tiC reaching the ACLU from Charlcttesvills,the action by city authorities nonetheless constituted a violation of freedom ofspeech.
QRT NACAZIWFS Q3§TICIZ§VGOYERH}- r PAN CN ART TOUR
Two leading art
Information Agency f
American paintings u
Arts i,<z.n, J
censorship will not
Art Hows
ation b§:-:--,i»,-.-
artists wit
F- 4.7.-0| :.._ _uznu--4.. ¢ao&#39;uB in thé
that "subversive" ch?
Cno of the exhib
scheduled to go to Fur &#39;
ticn of Arts, which was rcsncnziblors=.&#39;v&#39;icwed the controv-zrsy ow-:&#39;:~ art exhibits and questionedmagazines, Arts Eaiszine and Art Hews, have criticized the U.S..-<,~ - ~"~*z:7"~"-""- &#39;or Elllfnwlg -tn sponsorship of several proposed exhibits ofhich were to have toured abroad this year. -
President Eisenhower to "intervene so that these acts ofskod
obliterate the freedoms guaranteed by the Bill cf Rights."
h the government cn any project.
cancellation cf
had been broughtsuptort 01 the touring exhibits mas
nst scma of the artists.~ .
.rges
&#39;u:til the nation agency infcrncd the hxerican Fod3ra- "&#39;9204.. .l
ice assunbling the exhibit, that ton of the sug-
1 g@$Eoi LOO artists were "politically Lnacceptabla. The Federation refused to gointo the artists po
Thodore C. Strcihert, than directorlitical beliefs and the project was abandoned.
of the information agency, told a Senaterorsign Relations sub-committee last June that it was not the agency&#39;s policy to in-clude paintings by p
Fulbright, chairman
"on its meTiiS."
gctu NIAGAolitically suspect artists in any of its shcas. cenator Williamof the subC0mmittee, said he believed that art should be judged
RA FRCHTIER QQ75TI§hS POLICE.
IN ALCQHOLIC CASE
Dezth in a jail cell of a man
the Niagara Frontier
Writing to Joseph DeCi1lis, Buffalo
ganization pointed nBranch of the American Civil Liberties Union.
police commissioner, the civil liborties orut that newspaper accounts of the death did not nnnticn whctncrI
any future cooper-
a collection of paintings by 100 American artists, had been

Related across Profoundd

Oregon Climate Docs

Ashland — Climate and Energy Action Plan (CEAP) p.165
CLIMATE TRENDS & PRO JECTIONS | CITY OF ASHLAND, OREGON | FINAL REPORT | 36 References Abatzoglou, J. T., & Brown, T. J. (2012). A comparison of statistical downscaling methods suited for wildfire applications. I…
Ashland — Climate and Energy Action Plan (CEAP) p.166
CLIMATE TRENDS & PRO JECTIONS | CITY OF ASHLAND, OREGON | FINAL REPORT | 37 Mote, P. W., Abatzoglou, J. T., and Kunkel, K. E. (2013). Chapter 2. Climate Variability and Change in the Past and the Future. In M. M. Da…
Medford — Transportation System Plan 2018-2038 p.12
LIST OF TABLES Cont inued Number Description Page G-2 HCM Level of Service Designations for Unsignalized Intersections ....................... G-4 G-3 2023 PM Peak Hour Level s of Service: Downtown Medford…

WEF Publications

Targeted Action and Financing the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance in Asia 2025 p.47
80. Slavin, M. A., & Chakrabarti, A. (2012). Opportunistic Fungal Infections in the Asia-Pacific Region. Medical Mycology, 50(1), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2011.602989. 81. Lewnard, J. A., Charani, E., Gl…
Prescription for Change 2025 p.26
23. Sakushima, K., Takeda, H, & Aoi, Y. (2021, December). Orphan drug designation and development in Japan: 25 years of experience and assessment. Nature Reviews, 20, 893–894. https://media.nature.com/original/magazine-…
Prescription for Change 2025 p.25
Endnotes 1. World Economic Forum in collaboration with the McKinsey Health Institute. (2024, January). Closing the women’s health gap: A $1 trillion opportunity to improve lives and economies. https://www3.weforum.org/d…

Epstein Files

EFTA02390868 — From: Maya Angelou Schools & See Forever Foundation
From: Maya Angelou Schools & See Forever Foundation <[email protected]> Sent: Friday, May 15, 2015 1:05 PM To: [email protected] Subject: Join Us Tomorrow For The Maya Schools Community Fair! <http://r20…
EFTA01784422 — Sent: Wednesday, June 15, 2016 8:17 PM
From: Sent: Wednesday, June 15, 2016 8:17 PM To: Jeffrey Epstein Subject: Re: Sign up for Priority Private Care Dr. Kruger is asking how many girls? please advise > On Jun 15, 2016, at 2:18 PM, jeffrey E. cjeevacation@gm…
EFTA02335993 — From: Barrett, Paul S <
From: Barrett, Paul S < Sent: Wednesday, May 27, 2015 7:49 PM To: Jeffrey E.' Subject: RE: Hi BTW — we are still waiting on docs from LB Paul Barrett I Managing D ?z(1^—Y IRl 11 L@ L@ , @ @ @@—A@@2—A@@4 @ @ 1 EFTA_R1_012…

Federal Writers' Project

[Recollections of Ridgewood]
FOLKLORE Forms to be Filled out for Each Interview NEW YORK STATE NAME OF WORKER ADDRESS DATE FORM Circumstances of Interviw ne 41 0( •,/ked 712, ‘7,1 ?/(aer, /93, a</;:.xi SUBJECT OF 1. Date and time of interviaw rerAi …
[Old Glendale]
Jehrimkt I, /f3i /i/ g4Z;pli .14/77// iirby)490,- hi_ fdize.ze 1:471/AZ.rg -/Pr`71.7 70 fe. './2`i 143;1-€ 7.1( ,frieZ 42" Ag eze,,,ne,p t/4,;‘ 7/___P74(04,40-1/14 4W..4/ r(a/ 4/.3/ifer 71;e1M,14-t, g"A‘?:E/ JrZ(W,/-77-…
[Old Morrisania Town]
Rtporter: William Wood Editor: L. Allen Supervisor: A. iiartor August 18, 1938 About 1800 words. Note: Mr. T. Eery Sutton, of 430 East 160th Street, Bronx, who related the followinr reminiscences, desires to maintain ano…

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