Potential Interference to Television Reception from the Operation of FM Broadcast Stations on Certain Frequencies [Information Bulletin, FCC 65-130]

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FeperaL Communications Commission 


OMMUG Ye x 


FCC 65-130 
63396 
ae Information Bulletin =- B 
WASHINGTON 25, D. C. 20554 l February 19, 1965 


POTENTIAL INTERFERENCE TO TELEVISION RECEPTION FROM THE 


OPERATION OF FM BROADCAST STATIONS ON CERTAIN FREQUENCIES 


FM Broadcast stations are assigned and operate on frequencies from 
88.1 to 107.9 Mc/s. The second harmonic of all these frequencies (twice 
the fundamental frequency) fallswithin the high VHF TV band, Channels 7 
through 13. Thus, radiation of any FM signal on the second harmonic of the 
assigned fundamental can be a source of interferencé to reception of TV - 
Channels 7 through 13, since the FM harmonic signal acts like an undesired 
signal on the same channel. In view of the large number of FM and TV stations 
already in operation and the potential of many additional stations in the 
next few years, the possibility of such a second harmonic relationship in the 
ae community or in different communities may exist anywhere in the United 
ates. 


The severity and extent of this type of interference will depend on 
the distance between the stations involved, the relative strengths of the 
two signals, the exact relationship of the FM harmonic to the TV station's 
picture and aural carriers, the orientation of the receiving antennas and 
other factors. The potential interference is greatest where the FM signal 
is strong in relation to the TV signal such as would occur where the 
desired TV signal comes from a distant station whereas the FM station is 
locally situated with respect to the TV viewers. 


The potential interference to TV reception from FM stations is of 
two types. One is that caused by the direct second harmonic radiation of 
the FM signal falling within the TV receiver bandpass. It usually can be 
corrected by the installation of suitable filters at the station. Our 
rules require rather severe second harmonic suppression on the part of FM. 
stations. This type of interference rarely occurs when the two stations 
are in the same city or nearby cities since the ratio of the TV signal 
strength to the FM signal strength is large enough to permit satisfactory 
TV service. It is most likely to occur where the TV station is at a great 
distance and the FM station is nearby. 


The second type of potential interference is attributable to the 
generation of the second harmonic signals within the individual TV re- 
ceivers in some part of the booster or RF amplifier caused 
by overloading of the TV receiver due to the very strong fundamental signal 
Erom the local FM station. Here the interference occurs mostly near the 
site of the FM station and is most severe when the TV signal comes froma 


ee cee 


distant station. This type of interference cannot be cured at the FM station 
and should not be blamed on the FM station licensee. It is basically a TV 
receiver design problem, since the receiver does nov have sufficient selec- 
tivity to reject an FM signal which is far removed from the TV signal fre- 
quency. The overloading type of interference may be eliminated or at least 
alleviated by the insertion of filters or "wave-traps" designed to eliminate 
the FM stations's fundamental carrier frequency. Sometimes re-orientation of the 
TV - receiving antenna may be necessary. The problem becomes more diffi- 

cult as the TV signal becomes weaker (the desired station is farther removed) 
and the closer the TV viewer is to the local FM station. It is particularly 
troublesome where the TV viewer is using a highly directive antenna, with or 
without a booster, and the FM station is on a line between the viewer end the 
distant TV station, 


Since the first type of potential interference (direct second harmonic 
radiation from the FM station) lends itself to correction at the station and 
the second type (overloading) is a matter of receiver design which in most 
cases can be remedied only at the TV receiver, these types of interference 
have not been taken into account in the allocation of FM stations, either 
under the previous rules or under the present Table of Assignments. Shift- 
ing an FM assignment to a city at a greater distance from a TV station may 
actually worsen the situation at a later date since the TV signal will be 
weaker than before. There have been a number of instances where all cases 
of interference of the types described could not be eliminated either by 
further reduction cf the secord harmonic of the FM station or by the instal- 
lation of traps at the TV receivers. In some of these cases changes were 
made in the frequency assignment of the FM station if a simple solution agree- 
able to all the parties concerned could be found. However, with the rapid 
growth of FM and the increase in the number of FM stations there may not be 
a possibility of such frequency shifts in all instances. 


Occasionally TV viewers have jumped to the conclusion that the FM 
station was at fault when interference occurred at the same time the FM 
station began operation. In almost all such cases, the fault has not been 
with the FM station but rather with the TV receivers, and the efforts of the 
viewers to watch TV signals beyond their normal service range. It becomes 
necessary therefore for all concerned with this problem, including the TV 
receiver manufacturers, station licensees, and the viewing public to take 
whatever measures are needed to insure that both of these important broad- 
cast services can exist without adverse effect on each other. FM station 
licensees should make sure that the harmonic radiation is as low as the 
state of the art will permit. They should also carefully select their sites 
as far removed removed from built-up residential areas as possible. TV receiver 
manufacturers should consider either including FM traps in all their sets or at 
least making such traps available to customers in areas of possible interference. 
Finally, the viewing public should cooperate to the extent that they re-orient 
their antennas or install the necessary wave~traps where it is recommended by the 
FM station licensee or a competent TV service man. 


=- FCC - 


Adopted: February 17, 1965