NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 19720000230: Water purification by reverse osmosis using heterocyclic polymer membranes

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May 1972 


B72-I0230 


• NASA TECH BRIEF 

Langley Research Center 



NASA Tech Briefs announce new technology derived from the U.S. space program. They are issued to encourage 
commercial application. Tech Briefs are available on a subscription basis from the National Technical Information 
Service, Springfield, Virginia 22151. Requests for individual copies or questions relating to the Tech Brief program may 
be directed to the Technology Utilization Office, NASA, Code KT, Washington, D.C. 20546. 


Water Purification by Reverse Osmosis Using Heterocyclic Polymer Membranes 


Recent tests conducted using direct osmosis measure- 
ments of water, salt and urea fluxes through Pyrrone 
membranes, indicate Pyrrones may outperform cellulose 
acetate membranes in water purification by reverse 
osmosis. Successful fabrication of asymmetric Pyrrone 
membranes could lead to substantial improvements in 
water purification. 

The Pyrrone (polyimidazopyrrolone) polymers are a 
new class of thermally stable, radiation and chemical 
resistant aromatic-heterocyclic polymers. In addition to 
having a high water absorptivity, Pyrrones feature greater 
chemical and mechanical durability than cellulose acetate. 
They have a high compressive strength and the ratio of 
intrinsic water to salt permeabilities are 100 times greater 
than ratios calculated from cellulose acetate data. The 
salt rejection is much higher at lower applied pressures 
which facilitate higher recoveries of purified water at 
lower pressures than have been attainable. Water flux, 
salt rejection, and desalinated water recovery can be 
further increased by using Pyrrones that are more porous 
and permeable to water than cellulose acetate as they 
can withstand similar pressures because of greater 
strength. 

This study indicates the need for further testing but 
also indicates the superiority of the Pyrrone polymer 
at this point over the best reverse osmosis membrane 
developed to date. Absolute water flux is low, and 
dramatic improvement of it is needed. It should be 
noted however, that the application of Pyrrone polymer 
is limited by the complex and costly production pro- 
cess involved in their manufacture. 


This information and additional information contained 
in the reference material may be of special use and/or 
interest to agencies combating water pollution, the office 
of saline water (Dept, of the Interior), and the manu- 
facturers of polymer membranes. 

Notes: 

1. The following documentation is available from: 

National Technical Information Service 
Operations Division 
Springfield, Virginia 22151 
Single document price $3.00 
(or microfiche $0.95) 

Reference: NASA CR-1648 (N70-38436) Evalu- 
ation of Pyrrones as Membranes 

2. Requests for further information may be directed to: 

Technology Utilization Officer 
Langley Research Center 
Hampton, Virginia 23365 
Reference: TSP72-10230 

Patent status: 

No patent action is contemplated by NASA. 

Source: H. Scott of 
Franklin Institute Research Laboratories 
under contract to 
Langley Research Center 
(LAR-10514) 


Category 04 


This document was prepared underthe sponsorship of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration. Neither the United States 
Government nor any person acting on behalf of the United States 


Government assumes any liability resulting from the use of the 
information contained in this document, or warrants that such use 
will be free from privately owned rights.