Revision of FM Broadcast Rules, Particularly as to Allotment and Technical Standards [Docket 14185, FCC 64-919, Fourth R&O]

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868 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


FCC 64-919 
BEFORE THE 
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS. COMMISSION 
Wasurneton, D.C. 20554 


In the Matter of 
Revision or FM Broapcasr RuLes, PARTICU- 
LARLY AS TO ALLOCATION AND TECHNICAL 
STANDARDS 


Docket No. 14185 


Fourrs REPORT AND ORDER 


By tee COMMISSION: COMMISSIONER Cox ABSENT. es 

1. The Commission has under consideration its Third Further 
Notice of Proposed Rule Making (FCC 64-70) issued in this pro- 
ceeding on February 3, 1964 and the comments, data, and reply com- 
ments filed in response thereto. The purpose of this Notice was to set 
forth proposed rules concerning increased facilities for. existing FM 
short-spaced stations and to propose specific Table of Assignments 
for Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the territories. The final notice 
of proposed rule making on the remaining matter to be concluded in 
this overall FM proceeding, rules governing the educational channels, 
will be issued in the near future. 

2. The time for filing comments was specified as March 27, 1964 
and for reply comments as April 10, 1964. In an Order issued on 
March 25, 1964 (FCC 64-240) these dates were extended to May 11, 
1964 and May 26, 1964, respectively. In addition, this Order included 
a request for comments on a proposal advanced by the engineering 
firm of Kear and Kennedy concerning provision for site changes for 
existing short-spaced stations, and for the use of high antenna 
heights. Comments were filed on behalf of about 90 existing FM sta- 
tions and a number of organizations and networks. Careful considera- 
tion has been given to all the comments and data submitted by all 
interested parties. Many comments included engineering showings 
which were particularly helpful. 


Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Territories 


8. Appendix A to the Third Further Notice of Proposed Rule 
Making contained proposed Tables of Assignments for Hawaii, 
Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Territories. It was proposed to consider 
Hawaii, Alaska and Guam in Zone II and Puerto Rico and the Vir- 
gin Islands in Zone I. No oppositions were filed to the proposals for 
Hawaii, Alaska and Guam and these will be finalized. Comments 
were filed in support of the proposed assignments in Arecibo, Ponce 
and Fajardo in Puerto Rico. All existing stations in Puerto Rico 
which commented supported the assignments of their channels and 


40 F.0.0. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 869 


stated that any modification of the outstanding authorizations for 
the stations would require a hearing in light of the requirements of 
Section 316 of the Communications Act. 

4, American Colonial Broadcasting Corp., an applicant for a new 
FM station in San Juan, proposes a completely different allocation 
table for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, which in part proposes 
11 assignments for San Juan, American urges that virtually the 
entire area of Puerto Rico is enclosed within a 25-mile area from the 
four cities of San Juan, Ponce, Mayaguez and Arecibo and that the 
assignment of 11 channels to San Juan, with a population of 542,156, 
is a fair distribution of available facilities since it represents about 
one-half the population of Puerto Rico and would receive one-half 
of the assignments to the other cities. The plan which American pro- 
poses contains 5 assignments more than the Commission’s plan. It 
contains 5 additional assignments in San Juan and one additional in 
Arecibo and Ponce, but does not provide for a number of cities in the 
Commission’s Table. The price paid for these additional assignments 
is in our judgment too high. This is so because assignments are not 
made to the following cities; Caguas (with a population of 32,000), 
Coamo (12,000), Manati (9700) and Humacao (8,000). In addition, 
Class A assignments are substituted for Class B assignments in 
Fajardo (pop. 12,000), Guayama (19,000), San German (7800) and 
Utuado (9900). The difference in the number of possible assignments 
is further reduced since under the Commission’s plan at least one 
Class A channel can be added. For example, in the event a need arises 
for an assignment in Vieques, Channel 221A may be assigned to that 
community. Another drawback to the Table proposed by American is 
the rather close spacings in a number of assignments such as those of 
Channels 236 and 266 to Ponce, which may seriously limit the avail- 
ability of good antenna sites. 

5. Central Broadcasting Corporation, permittee of radio Station 
WUPR(AM) opposes that portion of the American proposal insofar 
as it would substitute Channel 221A for 286 at Utuado. Central urges 
that this city of 9,870 is located in a barrio with a population of 
40,449, that its principal industry is agriculture, that the terrain is 
irregular, that the population is sparse and the available revenues are 
small, and as a result there is a need for a Class B assignment rather 
than a limited-area station as proposed by American. It states that it 
plans to file an application for a new FM station at Utuado. San 
Juan Broadcasting Corp., and Continental Broadcasting Corp., both 
prospective applicants for a new FM station in San Juan, support 
the American allocation plan for Puerto Rico, especially insofar as it 
assigns 11 channels to San Juan, for the reasons given by the propo- 
nent of the plan. 

6. The San Juan area (including Rio Piedras and Bayamon) has 
9 existing FM stations. The American proposal would add 5 addi- 
tional assignments to this city. We are of the view that disadvantages’ 
of the proposal outweigh the advantages of the additional assign- 
ments in San Juan and the other two large cities. One of the chief 
values in an assignment table is the ability to reserve assignments for 
future use in smaller communities, which may not be ready for the 
construction of stations but which may well ultimately need them 

40 B.C.0, 
279-022—70——57 


870 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


for local expression, and to prevent the concentration of all the avail- 
able facilities in the larger metropolitan areas. For the above reasons 
we are not adopting the American proposal. 

7. This party also suggests that the minimum power for Class B 
stations in Puerto Rico be lowered from 5 kilowatts to 3 and that 
the maximum antenna height be raised to 1000 feet rather than 500 
feet. It argues that lowering the power minimum will encourage the 
establishment of new stations and that raising the antenna ceiling 
will not unduly curtail service where sites are used at elevations in 
the order of 1000. feet and more, as would the 500 foot limitation. 

8. Radio Americas Corp., licensee of Station WORA-FM, Maya- 
guez, supports the Zone- Í- spacings for Puerto Rico but urges that 
Zone II facilities (100 kilowatts power and 2000 feet antenna height) 
be authorized. Radio Americas submits a study of the Commission’s 
proposed assignment table for Puerto Rico and points out the follow- 
ing: that there are no co-channel or first adjacent channel assign- 
ments in Puerto Rico; that the only first adjacent channel separations 
between Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands conform to the Zone IT 
spacings; that 9 of the 22 second adjacent channel spacings meet the 
Zone TI requirements with the lowest spacing 43 miles; and that 6 
of the 10 third adjacent channel spacings meet the requirements of 
Zone IT with the lowest being 40 miles. Illustrations are presented to 
show the effects on interference for two stations 40 miles apart with 
Zone II facilities and on both second and third adjacent channel 
assignments. In the case of the stations two channels removed the area 
of interference occurs around the transmitter site and represents 
about 16% of the area gained by the first station. In the case of the 
stations three channels removed the area of interference is shown to 
be negligible since it extends only about 2 miles around the site of the 
interfering station. : 

9. We are aware of the special terrain situation which exists in 
Puerto Rico, with large mountains running throughout the central 
portion of the Island and the communities located at low levels 
mostly along the periphery. We also recognize that the best sites for 
many of these cities are on the high elevations inland. However, we 
are not convinced that this Island should be considered Zone II for 
the purpose of permitting all stations to operate with the higher 
powers and antenna height, especially since we are retaining the Zone 
Í spacings in order to make sufficient facilities available. At the pres- 
ent time only one FM station (that of Radio Americas) has an 
antenna height of over 1000 feet above average terrain. Of the 11 
pending applications, only. 2 have specified antenna heights over 1000 
feet. Nonetheless, in order to encourage the use of suitable high 
antenna sites without unduly restricting the authorized power, and in 
order to thke advantage of the favorable assignment situation on the 
Island, we believe we would be justified in making an exception to 
the power reduction necessary for antenna.heights above 500 feet in 
Zone Y. We will therefore permit a power of 25 kilowatts (14 dbk) 


2These comments were filed on May 14, 1964, three days after the specified time for 
such filings. Radio Americas stated that due to an inadvertence they were not submitted 
on May 11 even though they had been prepared before that time, and requests that they 
be considered. These comments are accepted and are being considered herein. 


40 B.C.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 871 


for antenna heights up to 2000 feet above average terrain and the 
equivalent of these facilities (as determined by the same distance to 
the 1 mv/m contour) for heights above 2000 feet.2 We do not believe 
that the minimum power requirement should be lowered from 5 kw to 
3 kw. This difference should not represent a hardship for applicants 
in view of the small difference it represents. 
~ 10. V.I. Industries, Inc., licensee of radio Station WSTA, St. 
Thomas, supports the proposal to establish a.Table of Assignments 
for the Virgin Islands and states that it will file for an FM. station 
on channel 250 if it is adopted. V.I. Industries contends that three 
channels are not warranted for Charlotte Amalie, which has a popu- 
lation of less than 18,000; nor is a total of 6 channels warranted for 
the Virgin Islands, which has a population of about 40,000 persons.* 
It therefore recommends that a total of 4 assignments be made to 
the Virgin Islands. Two parties point out that two of the Virgin 
sland assignments are on Class A channels. We do not believe there 
is any need to mix the assignments here. In view of the showing made 
by V.I. Industries we are assigning 4 channels to the Islands, two 
each at Charlotte Amalie and Christiansted. 

11. In view of the foregoing, we are adopting the tables for 
Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam as outlined in the attached 
Appendix.* The other required changes in the rules, such as the Zone 
designation, also appear in the Appendix. 


Existing Short Spaced Stations 


12. With respect to existing FM short-spaced stations (authorized 
prior to August 1, 1962) and in recognition of the needs for increased 
facilities for such stations, especially those which are moderately 
short-spaced and those which.could have increased their facilities 
under the old rules, the Commission invited comments on alternative 
methods to obtain these ends. It was stated that it could adopt some 
variation of one of the plans discussed without further notice of rule 
making. It also discussed the possibility of eliminating or improving 
short spacings by means of channel shifts or site changes. 

18. The great majority of the comments favored one or the other 
principal methods for authorizing increased facilities for existing 
short-spaced stations. Some recommended variations or modifications 
of these plans. While parties were divided as to which alternative (or 
modified alternatives) should be adopted by. the Commission, with 
very few exceptions they were all in agreement that some relief from 
the present rule which “freezes” all short-spaced stations to the equiv- 
alent of their existing facilities, should be granted by the Commis- 
sion. The National Association of FM Broadcasters concludes that at 
the present time there is not enough information available to deter- 
mine which of the Commission’s alternative solutions, if any, is best 
designed to accomplish the desired goal. They urge the establishment 


. 2In Zone I a station would be authorized 1.6 Kw for an antenna height of 2000 feet. 
3 According to the U.S. 1960 Census the population-of Charlotte Amalie is 12,880 and 
that_of the Virgin Islands ‘is 32,099. á ` 
4 Channels 281 and 286 have been switched between Ponce and Utuado to avoid an 
I.F. difference problém in Ponce. = i : . 
oO 40 F.C. 


872 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


of an Industry Committee to work with the Commission in gathering 
data and in recommending a particular course. We do not believe that 
delaying a decision in this matter or establishing a committee as pro- 
posed would serve any useful purpose. National Broadcasting Com- 
pany submits that a further notice should be issued because the 
notice “does not provide .a concrete basis for meaningful study 
because of the undesignated possible channel shifts; allocation of new 
stations, if any; possible power increases on a case-by-case basis; and 
possible variations of the plan presented in the Notice, which the 
Commission indicates it may adopt without further notice of rule 
making.” It urges that the Commission issue a further notice with 
specific proposals which “lend themselves to significant evaluation.” 
We do not believe the NBC suggestion is feasible. It is not possible to 
submit the type of detailed information it seeks since this would 
depend on the applications and requests filed by licensees after the 
adoption. of a set of rules. As to the alternatives presented by the 
Commission and the variations discussed, we are of the view that they 
do form a basis for significant evaluation, as has been done by many 
other parties. The variations of the principal alternatives were 
described in sufficient detail to indicate their effects. Thus, the Com- 
mission in the Notice stated in connection with the horizontal increase 
alternative, “This could include spacings below which no increases 
would be permitted or horizontal increases to values below the present 
maximums”. We therefore do not believe that there is any necessity 
for a further notice of proposed rule making. 


Alternative One: General Horizontal Increase 


14. The first alternative advanced by the Commission was one 
which would permit all short-spaced stations to increase facilities up 
to the maximums authorized in the rules for the Class of station and 
the Zone involved, without regard to claims of interference by any 
existing station. It was pointed out that three major benefits would 
flow. from this approach: that there ultimately would result a high 
degree of competitive equality among stations of the same class, that 
on an overall basis, more people would gain new or improved service 
than under any plan, and: that this plan would be the least burden- 
some both for the Commission and the applicants seeking improved 
facilities for their stations. The disadvantages recognized in such a 
plan were that a hardship would result to licensees who cannot afford 
to increase facilities at the time one or more stations to which there 
is a short spacing file for such increases, that stations having the 
greatest facilities prior to a horizontal increase may lose “interfer- 
ence-free” service areas in the direction of others which previously 
had very limited facilities, and that Class A stations may lose sub- 
stantial service areas from the increases in Class B or C stations, 
particularly when these latter stations operated previously with lim- 
ited facilities, 5 

15. A. large number of parties supported the horizontal increase 
plan. In most cases engineering showings were submitted which 
revealed that the plan would result in greatly increased service areas 
for all the stations involved with little or no interference caused. In 

40 F.C.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 873 


those cases where increased interference was cdused it was greatly 
outweighed by the increased coverage and the improved service 
within the former service range, due to the greater signal strength 
available from the greater power and antenna heights. Some argued 
that this method was the least restrictive and therefore should be 
adopted. Others gave evidence of the advantages listed by the Com- 
mission for this method. Some conceded that there may be cases 
where some interference would result within the 1 mv/m contour of 
other stations, but urged that since the across-the-board ‘plan treats 
all the same way and has other advantages, there is no reason to 
return to the “protected contour” concept. A group of parties sup- 
ported this alternative but urged that increases be permitted up to 
the maximums only provided that mutual interference would not 
occur within the 64 dbu contour. They recommended that the power 
or height be limited to prevent this interference unless the stations 
involved agree to accept such interference. The significance of the 64 
dbu is as follows. Under the old maximums for former Area I (20 
kw and 500 feet) the protected contour of 1 mv/m (60 dbu) extends 
28 miles. Under the new maximums for Zone I (50 kw and 500 feet) 
at this same distance the predicted contour would be 64 dbu. Thus, no 
interference would occur within the old 1 mv/m contour (60 dbu) or 
the new 64 dbu contour if the proposal were to be adopted. In all the 
engineering examples given by these parties there was no interference 
to the old 60 dbu (1 mv/m) with a few minor exceptions. A. Earl 
Cullum, Jr., one of the proponents of this amended horizontal plan, 
made a showing involving the short spacings of 6 existing stations. In 
only 3 of 14 short spacings would there be an invasion of the new 64 
dbu contour if all the stations were to go to the maximums permitted 
in the rules. It was somewhat worse in the two examples given for 
Zone If. 

16. A number of disadvantages were pointed out concerning Alter- 
native I. Some parties stated that under the old rules parties selected 
facilities which were related to the economics and general needs of 
the areas, and as a result of the disproportionate nature of the power 
increases which could result from this plan many highly urbanized 
areas would suffer loss of service. Some urged that stations which 
came into being at a late date accepted less than maximum facilities 
in order to prevent or minimize interference, and that this plan 
would be unfair to the former stations. Some showed. that inter- 
ference could occur within the existing 1 mv/m contour: For example, 
WTAD-FM in Zone I (Quincy, Illinois) has facilities slightly above 
the maximum for Zone I and so cannot get greater facilities. This 
station showed that in the event another station in Zone IT were to go 
to the maximum facilities for that Zone there would be an invasion 
of its existing Imv/m contour. It urged therefore that a Class © sta- 
tion should be restricted to facilities no greater than permitted by 
alternative TI in the direction of a Class B station. Several. parties 
urged that if the horizontal plan is adopted it should be modified to 
permit only proportionate increases, i.e., by the same ratio. Columbia 
Broadcasting System suggested that no applications for increases be 
accepted for a period of three years except those in which the sta- 


40 F.C.C. 


874. Federal Communications Commission Reports 


tions concerned have reached an agreement. It was urged that after 
that period applications should be accepted in which the increase of 
power at the actual antenna height is no more than 8 times for a 
Class A station or 244 times for a Class B station. These multipliers 
are proportionate to the increase in maximum power for the classes 
of stations under the new rules as against the old rules, 

17. Some stations were concerned with the situation where Class 
A stations were already within the 1 mv/m contours of other stations, 
generally those on channels two or three channels removed. They 
argued that this plan would only aggravate the existing interference 
situation. Another disadvantage for Alternative F is that it does not 
accommodate changes in site location. 


Simultaneous Increases by Mutual Agreement 


18. The Notice proposed as an alternative to the horizontal increase 
plan one which would permit simultaneous increases of facilities by 
linked groups of short-spaced stations by mutual agreement among 
the affected stations. The Notice recognized that this plan would have 
limited utility because of the need for reaching agreement among the 
stations and the existence of rather long chains of stations. Another 
difficulty pointed out was the cases where different classes of stations 
are involved or where there is a great disparity between the existing 
facilities of stations, Most. of the comments were opposed to this plan. 
The parties argued that any one station in a chain could hold up all 
the others involved; that very often this would be done purposely 
since, as one party put it, stations are “competitive and intrinsically 
unable to sacrifice their individual self interest”. Others asserted that 
experience with the standard broadcast Class ITEA and Class IV 
power increases indicates that reliance on this plan is impractical. 

everal parties pointed out that typical chains in Zones I and IT 
included about 24 stations. These chains did, however, break up into 
smaller ones of 7 in a group and less, in the event the shortages on 
the second and third adiacent channels are ignored as proposed by a 
large number of parties. 

19. The comments submitted on this alternative plan convince us 
that we should not adopt it as the sole means for permitting existing 
short-spaced stations to improve their facilities. We will consider, 
however, any such requests on the basis of the showing made by the 
parties as to how the public interest would be served thereby. 


Alternative Two: Protection of a Specified Contour 


20. Alternative Two proposed in the Notice was a method which 
would require no agreement among stations and which would permit 
increases in facilities very nearly like those which would have been 
allowed under the old “protection method”. The two differences are 
that the station with the greater facilities had to assume the other 
station had facilities equal to its own, in order to affect a more equal 
set of facilities. The second difference was that the powers and an- 
tenna heights were to be obtained from various Tables rather than 
from propagation curves. 


40 FCC. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 875 


21. A number of parties preferred this alternative over that of the 
horizontal increase. They submitted that this plan would provide ade- 
quate increases while at the same time assuring that no adverse effects 
are caused to any stations which cannot for economic or other reasons 
increase their facilities. They contended that this plan recognizes all 
the matters which affect transmission such as terrain, power, and 
antenna systems. Finally, they urged that this method would permit 
stations latitude in making changes in station sites as a result of 
changes in zoning, nearby construction etc. In some of the showings 
submitted in support of this proposal, it is shown that the maximum 
facilities for the Class of stations can be obtained under this plan 
as well as under alternative one, and therefore some of the parties 
supported both alternatives. A number of parties, while supporting 
this plan, also requested that it be modified in some respects in the 
event it is adopted by the Commission. For example, some urged that 
the antenna height to be used should not be that of the average above 
terrain but that it should be for the particular directions involved. 
Others urged that we should disregard the second and third adjacent 
channel spacings. More will be said about this later. 

22. There were a number of objections to this second alternative 
and several problems raised in connection with its operation. Some 
pointed out that there is a distinct advantage to the party which files 
first. Kear and Kennedy submit a theoretical arrangement of stations 
at typical short spacings and show that in Zone I there could be a 
difference of as much as 3 db (ratio of twice in power) depending on 
the. order of filing. An example in Zone IT reveals that there could 
be a difference of about 5 db (3.16 to one power ratio) in the power 
authorized for a particular station depending again on the order of 
filing for the theoretical case depicted. There is a problem of what 
one assumes for stations which are in different Zones or where one 
station is a Class A and the others are Class B or Class C. One sug- 
gestion made was that the smaller station be assumed to be at the 
maximum facilities for its class. Another suggestion was that the 
smaller station be assumed to have at least the minimum facilities for 
its class. Some parties pointed out that where two stations are two 
channels removed at short spacings, many times the first one can go 
up sometimes to the maximum and the second then cannot increase at 
all. The same thing can occur in the case of a Class B or C station, 
two or three channels removed from a Class A station, where the 
former often can increase its facilities while the latter cannot. There 
are instances where two stations are 400 ke/s apart and neither one 
can seek an increase because each is within the 1 mv/m contour of the 
other, Another situation exists where two stations which have small 
facilities—the one which requests an increase first may obtain a large 
facility station, while the second station gets a disproportionately 
small increase. In all these situations, actual examples are given 
which are not just theoretical considerations. 

23. While Kear and Kennedy support alternative one and oppose 
the adoption of alternative two, they suggest a variation of this Jatter 
plan in the form of a Table which indicates the power and antenna 
height to be authorized depending on the separation between the sta- 

40 F.C.C. 


876 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


tions. The Tables submitted are based upon a protected contour but 
do not involve the power of the short-spaced stations. They point out 
that this method is a separation method, protects existing stations by 
mileage rather than power, and does not give any advantage to the 
party filing first. The general purpose behind -the method is very 
similar to that which we are adopting herein. It is our view that the 
method adopted is more simple and so is to be preferred. Somewhat 
similar in effect, in a limited context, is the plan proposed by Ellis F. 
Jones, Jr., licensee of WEMG (FEM), Gallatin, Tennessee. This party 
proposed an expanded Table of Separations which included a sub- 
maximum Class C station, i.e., a station in Zone If which would be 
authorized the facilities of a Class B station if it met the spacing of 
the Class B station and not those of the Class C. 


Miscellaneous Comments 


94, A few parties filed comments on matters not directly before us 
in this proceeding. For example, Williams FM Service, among other 
things, suggested that when stations presently at facilities above those 
authorized for their class are transferred, their facilities should be cut 
back to the authorized maximums. Gerity Broadcasting and Pacifica 
Foundation replied that this matter was disposed of in an earlier 
phase of this proceeding and that Willianis submitted no basis for 
reopening this subject. We agree with these parties that this matter 
is beyond the scope of this particular proceeding. This is also true of 
suggestions which have been filed requesting the assignment of Class 
B channels with facilities limited to Class A facilities. This matter, 
too, was considered and denied in previous phases of this overall pro- 
ceeding. A few parties suggested that proportional power increases 
be permitted for short-spaced stations in a particular chain either 
with mutual consent or irrespective of such consent. No mention is 
made of how site changes or changes in antenna height are to be 
handled. These plans have some substantial problems and defects in 
them. Insofar as mutual consent would be required, the drawbacks 
are the same as has been mentioned before. In addition, these pro- 
posals would still leave unsolved the matter of location of site and an- 
tenna height changes. They would be very difficult to administer as 
ven Pa these reasons, the proportional power. suggestions are 

enied., 


Adoption of an Alternative 


25. The selection of a particular method for permitting existing 
short-spaced FM stations to increase their facilities is a difficult one, 
as evidenced by the almost even division of opinion among the parties 
filing comments and data. On an overall basis there is not very much 
difference in the total service which results from the horizontal in- 
crease, the protected contour, or the Kear and Kennedy modified pro- 
tected contour plans. This can be seen from Figures 10 through 18 
and Figures 16 through 19 in the Kear and Kennedy comments. The 
principal difficulty with Alternative One, as may also be seen in these 
same figures and the showings of other parties, is the interference 


40 F.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 877 


which can result to stations within their present 1 my/m contour. 
While as mentioned, numerous parties showed that in their own situ- 
ation little interference would result, it is also apparent that the addi- 
tional interference could result in the loss of existing service and the 
displacement of listening habits in many communities. On the other 
hand. the second alternative proposal also has its drawbacks. A numa- 
ber of these have been enumerated above. From the point of view of 
processing by the Commission and filing applications by the stations, 
this method could be cumbersome, especially where a large number 
of stations file at the same time (a yery likely possibility since sta- 
tions have been frozen at their present facilities since August 1962) 
or where parties file on the basis of other stations’ existing facilities 
only to find these stations have been granted changes in the meantime. 
The often large differences in authorized facilities, depending on the 
order of filing, also disturbs us. While there is no ideal solution to 
this problem we believe a method which is simple, would not require 
prior agreement among stations affected, would not destroy existing 
service (at least within the 1 mv/m contour), and would permit 
changes in station location is to be the preferred method. We believe 
a modification of the horizontal method could obtain the desired 
objectives. Such a system would provide for various powers and 
antenna heights depending on the spacings between the stations. Such 
a plan would have many of the advantages of the standard spacing 
plan and allocation table adopted for standard spaced stations but 
with smaller and potentially equal service ranges depending on the 
spacings. Before discussing this table further however, we cover two 
important matters first. 
Class A stations 


26. A number of parties urged that short-spaced Class A stations 
be permitted to go to the maximum for that class, (3kw and 300 feet 
antenna height) regardless of what is permitted for other classes of 
stations. In a series of charts for what is believed to be the worst cases 
of first, second, and third adjacent channel spacings between a Class 
A and Class B or C stations, Kear and Kennedy show that the impact 
on the interference to the higher powered station is very small while 
the Class A station improves its service throughout the old area and 
extends in service range as well. In the case of a second channel sepa- 
ration between a Class A station and a Class B station of only 15 
miles (Figure 3) the increase in the radius of interference to the 
Class B station is only in the order of less than 14 mile with both 
stations going to the maximum facilities. 

27. A few parties, mostly stations with facilities greater than pres- 
ently authorized for the standard spaced stations, objected to any 
increase for these Class A stations, One party argued that they 
should not have been granted in the first place. We are, however, ) 
faced with an existing situation in which some Class A stations need, / 
additional power to adequately cover the community intended to bé 
served. In another objection to increased power for Class A: stations 
a showing is made as to the increased interference to the high-pow- 
ered Class B station. This increase however occurs in an additional 
radius of about 0.7 of a mile. 


40 F.C.C. 


878. Federal Communications Commission Reports 


28. After careful consideration ofall the data submitted in this 
proceeding relative to short-spaced Class A stations we conclude that 
an increase up to.the maximum for this Class of station is warranted 
and would ‘serve the public interest. We will therefore permit any 
short-spaced Class -A station- which desires to increase facilities to 
apply for such increases up to 3 kw and 300 feet or the equivalent of 
this combination, except insofar as co-channel situations between 
Class A stations are involved. (There are no first or second adjacent 
combinations. between Class A stations possible under the FM chan- 
nel arrangement.) 

29. Trans America Broadcasting Corp., licensee of KTYM-FM, 
Inglewood, California, requests permission to increase its power to 
40 kilowatts. Tt urges that itis only 23 miles from second adjacent 
channel: stations KBIG and KGLA, both on Mount Wilson, Los 
Angeles, and both with power and antenna height greater than the 
maximum now provided by the rules. It argues that it needs this 
power in order to-obtain the “equivalent coverage” of a maximum 
Class A station in the absence of interference. It avers that it does not 
serve the entire community of Inglewood and that listeners have 
reported difficulty in tuning to the station in the presence of the 
strong signals from KBIG and KGLA. KTYM-FM presently oper- 
ates with 390 watts and an antenna height above average terrain of 
390 feet. This party is, in effect, asking us to make a special case of 
a particular Class A station and'to permit it to operate with 40 kw 
power or almost the same as a Class B facility, even though it is only 
about one half the required separation. This we cannot do. However, 
we are of the view that the relief offered herein to short-spaced sta- 
tions will help this station in improving its signal and coverage in 
the community of Inglewood, since it could under the rules increase 
its power to about 1.6 kilowatts instead of its present 390 watts. 


Second and Third Adjacent Channel Problem - 


30. There are'a number of short-spaced FM stations on second and 
third adjacent’ channels (400 and 600 ke/s removed). Most of those 
on second. adjacent channels. are Class A’s near large metropolitan 
areas such as Los Angeles, San’ Francisco, New York, Chicago and 
Philadelphia. In a number of these instances the Class B’s are “super- 
maximum”, with the Class A located within the 1 mv/m contour of 
the large station. The Class A stations could increase their facilities 
under the horizontal increase proposal but not under the alternative 
proposal which requires protection of the Class B station’s 1 mv/m 
contour (or protection of a service radius of 40 miles when the 1 
mv/m contour is further out than that). Under the former plan the 
interference to the large station would normally increase a fraction 
of a mile around the Class A transmitter. There are also a few Class 
B and Class C stations removed by two channels and at less than the 
40 or 65 miles required. All of these could benefit under the horizon- 
tal proposal; some, though by no means all, could benefit under the 
other alternative. Most of the stations which are short-spaced at third 


40 F.C6. 


FH Broadcast Rules et al. 879 


adjacent channel separations (600 kc/s) are near large cities in the 
crowded sections of the northeast; Washington-Annapolis, Provi- 
dence-Framingham, Baltimore-Havre de Grace, Hartford-Spring- 
field. A few exist in Zone IT. In most of these cases, either proposal 
would be of benefit to the stations involved and to the public. 

31. With very few exceptions, all the parties recommend that short- 
spacings on second and third adjacent channels be disregarded in any 
proposal which is adopted. It was pointed out that this interference 
is usually very small, occurs around the transmitter site of‘the station 
causing the interference, and that in any event the small amounts of 
interference caused are more than offset usually by the advantages of 
power increases for all stations. One party likened this type of inter- 
ference to a blanket area problem. Kear-and Kennedy in Figures 6 
and 7 of their material depict situations between Class B stations 
with spacings as low as 25 miles, These figures show the interference 
area to be a small portion of the entire service area. Earl Cullum in 
reply concedes that the area of interference is small. However, he 
points out that in the case of a smal] station causing interference to a 
large station, the increase in such interference may mean that the 
entire community may be lost to the larger station. This is an impor- 
tant factor and. has led us to require that standard spaced stations 
on second and third adjacent channels be located beyond the expected 
service range of the assigned stations in the Table of Assignments. 
However, the situations we are dealing with here are existing ones in 
which some interference already exists. And as has been shown fur- 
ther, the increase in interference is only in a small ring around the 
station, in the order of a few miles to less than 14 mile depending on 
the relative facilities of the stations involved. Another great difficulty 
with taking into account such assignments is this: in the event a sta- 
tion is eńcompasséd by the 1 mv/m contour of another station either 
under its existing or expanded facilities, the station cannot improve 
its facilities in any direction, and is thus frozen at its present facili- 
ties. In the case of co-channel and first adjacent channel separations 
this situation cannot occur and a station can usually obtain an in- 
crease in some directions. Because of the restrictions which would be 
imposed, the usually small amount of additional interference result- 
ing, and the overall benefits to be obtained on balance, we will permit 
stations to disregard short-spaced stations on second and third adja- 
cent channels in making requests for increased facilities. Several par- 
ties proposed that we disregard second and third channel interference 
except when the two stations are less than 15 miles apart or unless 
the interference is caused within a station’s principal city limits. 
There are very few cases of such low spacings, and so we do not 
believe there is need for any exceptions to the general policy. Fur- 
thermore, the interference usually is smaller the closer the stations 
are together. Paul Godley Company suggested that for such channels 
we protect the 70 dbu contour by not-permitting overlap of the 90 
and 110 dbu contours with the 70 dbu contour for second and third 
adjacent channels, respectively. We do not believe this limitation is 
needed for the same reasons we are rejecting the mileage limitation 
above. 

40 F.C.C. 


880 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


Plan Adopied 


31. After careful consideration of all the comments and data sub- 
mitted by all parties we are adopting a plan which we believe has 
facets and advantages of both the horizontal increase and the pro- 
tected contour proposals. It does not depend on the consent of any 
other station so that any station may apply for increased facilities 
at the time it wishes. It affords stations adequate protection of their 
service to the public. It is a “go-no go” system so that it is not bur- 
densome for either the licensees or the Commission. It provides for 
substantial increases for many stations and would permit some im- 
provement for most stations. The plan does not create any advantages 
for the party which files first. This plan would spell out the maximum 
facilities which every station which is now short-spaced could apply 
for, depending on the spacings it has with respect to all other stations 
(and. irrespective of the facilities of the other stations). This would 
be done in accordance with the Table below. If a station wishes to 
operate with greater ERP than that which would be permitted for 
its mileage bracket, it may do so (up to the’maximum for its class) 
by directionalizing so as to reduce the radidtion in the critical direc- 
tion to that which would be permitted under the Table. (Directional 
antennas must meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of Section 
73.316, and increase in radiation away from the critical direction shall 
not exceed 2 db per 10 degrees of azimuth. Where a directional 


antenna is used radiation in any direction shall not exceed the maxi- 
mum ERP for the station’s class). 


Facilities to be authorized for short-spaced FM stations 
Separation in Miles Facilities Authorized 
Ch i Co-Ch: l First Adjacent Power Antenna 
lass of Station ‘o-Channe! jj (a Heer th) 
4565.. 3 300 
Tess than 40 i 30 
Less than 40- aN cine & 
50 500 Class B 
3. 300 Class A. 
20 -500 Class B 
3 300 Class A 
10° 500 Class B 
3 300 Class A 
100 2,000 Class C 
3 809 Class A 


50 2,000 Class C 
3 — 300 Class A 
20 2,000 Class © 


50 500 
20 500 
10 500 

5 500 


50 500 Class B 
100 2,000 Class © 
20 500 Class B 
50 2,000 Class C 
10 500 Class B 
20 2,000 Class C 

5 500 Class B 
10 2,000 Class C 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 881 


32. The above plan has all the advantages of the horizontal increase 
without any of its disadvantages. It also appears to be preferable to 
any other plans advanced previously. For one thing, except for the 
horizontal increase plan any other proposal would necessitate more 
extensive use of directional antennas to protect other short-spaced sta- 
tions, unless the station involved were willing to use in all directions 
the limited power it would be permitted in the critical direction. The 
plan we adopt, by permitting substantial increases for many stations 
without directionalization, imposes lesser burdens in this respect 
while at the same time giving a short-spaced station an option to 
obtain greater facilities by directionalizing if it wishes to do so. The 
plan also permits stations to move their sites provided they adjust 
their facilities to meet the Table. Usually, since transmitter moves do 
not often involve great distances, the station moving will remain in 
the same mileage bracket. The Table also provides a “floor” on facil- 
ities for stations, regardless of spacing. The plan has many of the 
advantages of the Table of Assignments and the minimum spacing 
rules for new stations which we have adopted. 

33. A study was made of all the spacing problems set out in the 
comments herein, with a view toward determining whether the plan 
would be of help to the stations and to the public. We found that in 
almost all cases stations could get appreciably increased facilities, and 
in many cases they could go to the maximum for their class (others 
could go to the maximum except in one direction). Our study revealed 
very few cases where the plan would result in interference within 
stations’ existing 1 mv/m contours, and, while doubtless there will be 
some such cases, it appears that they will not be numerous, It is true 
that the resulting service ranges of short-spaced stations will be less 
than those which we have provided for new stations; descending in 
order with the reduced separations; but this is inevitable in dealing 
with stations assigned under earlier assignment principles, at consid- 
erably less than what are now standard spacings.’ Considering the 
advantages mentioned, including the “go-no go” character of the plan 
and its simplicity, the concomitant advantage to licensees and the 
Commission and improved service to the public, we are of the view 
that it clearly is in the public interest.and should be adopted. 


| Moves of transmitter sites 


84, As mentioned, the plan adopted provides for moves of trans- 
mitter sites by short-spaced stations, provided the facilities are ad- 
justed to meet the requirements of the Table. It is appropriate to spell 
out in more detail the principles which will govern transmitter-site 
moves. 

(a) No new short spacing may be created to standard spaced 
assignments. While we have taken steps herein to deal with the 
problems of short-spaced stations assigned under earlier. rules, 


For example, a Class: B station with maximum facilities, surrounded. by other 
co-channel Class B stations with maximum facilities at standard spacings, woul baye a 
- service range of 40 miles, whereas a short-spaced Class E station surrounded by stations 
at 100 miles (both with maximum facilities permitted under the Table) would have a 
service range of 26 miles. 


40 F.C.C. 


882 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


we do not conceive it to be appropriate, in general, to permit any 
new short spacings to be created even though in other directions 
spacings might be improved. Any consideration of situations 
where a slight new short spacing would. materially improve a 
number of existing shortages must be on a case-by-case basis on 
requests for waiver. The prohibition in this connection extends 
to creation of new second and third adjacent channel. shortages. 
While we have concluded that this should not be a consideration 
in situations where it already exists, there is no reason to permit 
such interference where it did not exist at all within the station’s 
normal service range. 

(b) Except where the station involved is (or would be after 
the move) in one of the low-mileage brackets of the Table (“less 
than 40”, “less than 60”, “less than 75”, etc.), a move may be 
made with the station’s present facilities unless the move would 
put the station into a lower mileage bracket.* In connection with 
such a move, the station may request an increase in facilities up 
to the maximum for the mileage bracket. 

(c) Where a move would shorten an existing substandard 
separation so as to put the station in a lower bracket, the station 
must adjust its facilities so as to meet the maximum for that 
bracket. If it is now lower than the new maximum, it may request 
an increase up to that figure. Further limitations will apply in 
the case of stations in the low- mileage brackets, as mentioned in 
(d) below. 

(d) Where a station is (or would be after the move) in one of 
the low-mileage brackets of the Table, it will be permitted a move 
which shortens the separation by no more than three miles, with- 
out restriction on its facilities other than the maximum provided 
for these brackets in the Table (e.g., for co-channel Class B sta- 
tions less than 75 miles apart, 5 kilowatts and 500 feet effective 
antenna height). If the move is greater than this, the station 
must reduce its facilities to a level which will be, in the pertinent 
direction, no more than the equivalent of operation from the 
former-site with the maximum permitted facilities. For example, 
a Class B station moving closer under these circumstances would 
have its 1 mv/m contour in the pertinent direction no further out 
than it would operating from its former site with 5 kilowatts and 
500 feet. The stations falling in these lower brackets are not 
numerous, and it is in these cases—where extremely short separa- 
tions are involved—that greater restrictions are necessary in 
order ‘to avoid substantial adverse impact on other stations. 


6As mentioned, in general it may be expected that transmitter moves will not usually 
be of any great distance; and therefore the effect thereof on other short-spaced stations 
will be small. For example, in the case of co-channel Class B stations about 120 miles 
apart, a decrease of 10 miles in the separation means a- reduction in the service range 
of the affected station of only 2 miles. Therefore it is not appropriate to impose any 
over-all reduction from present facilities. However, we do not wish to: encourage site 
changes which will shorten existing substandard spacings, and we assume such moves 
will not be undertaken except for substantial reasons. As mentioned in the text below, 
the Commission reserves the right to deny any such application if, considering all of the 
pertinent factors including inereased interference, it appears that such a move would 
net be in the public interest. 


40 F.C.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 883 


(e) In connection with any application for change in trans- 
mitter site which would increase an existing short separation, the 
Commission reserves the right to deny such an application if, 
considering all pertinent factors inciuding effect on other sta- 
tions, it appears that the public interest would not be served 
thereby. 


Proposals Made in Supplement To Third Further Notice 


35. In the Order Extending Time for Filing Comments and Sup- 
plement to Third Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making issued 
in this proceeding on March 25, 1964 (FCC 64-240) there were three 
proposals made on which comments were invited. First, Kear and 
Kennedy had proposed a rule which would have permitted existing 
short-spaced stations to change their sites in the event it became 
necessary because of zoning or other requirements. The plan we are 
adopting provides the conditions for moves and so we need not dis- 
cuss this matter further. The second Kear and Kennedy proposal was 
to permit stations which as a result of a move wished to increase their 
antenna height, to utilize powers equal to the minimum for their class 
up to antenna heights of 750 feet, with appropriate reductions above 
this height. The Commission invited comments on alternative to this 
proposal which would have permitted the use of minimum powers for 
all heights above the maximum in the rules. The purpose of the two 
latter proposals was to encourage stations to utilize high antenna 
heights to improve service. Kear and Kennedy point out, and rightly 
so, that if the minimum power is permitted for any height, stations 
would soon have a combination of power and height which is greater 
than those for a standard-spaced station. They therefore recommend 
that if consideration is given to their proposal to permit minimum 
power up to 750 feet or above, in no event would the power be permit- 
ted to exceed the values determined from Figure 3 of Section 73.333 
of the rules. Upon consideration of the comments filed and the plan 
which we are adopting, we believe that there is no special rule needed 
along the lines of encouraging high antenna heights. ‘The proposal 
was apparently prompted by the availability in some areas of partic- 
ularly suitable tall sites such as the Empire State Building in New 
York. The rules we are adopting for short-spaced stations do permit 
a combination of at least 10 kw and 500 feet for the bulk of the short 
spaced stations now existing. This is roughly equivalent of the 5 kw 
and 750 feet combination advocated by Kear and Kennedy. In the 
event some situations exist for which the plan would: permit only 5 
kw and 500 feet or the equivalent, these can be considered on an indi- 
vidual basis as they come to our attention. ? 


Legal considerations 


36. For reasons stated at length above, we are of the view that the 
„opportunity afforded by the plan adopted herein for increases in 
facilities and over-all improvement in service is clearly in the public 
interest, and that the benefits therefrom outweigh the relatively 


40 F.C.0, 


884 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


small amounts of interference which will usually result. As men- 
tioned, it appears that only in relatively few cases would interference 
be caused within an existing station’s 1 mv/m contour. In the Third 
Further Notice we tentatively discussed the rights of FM licensees to 
object to applications for increased facilities by short-spaced stations 
on the grounds that such proposals would cause interference within 
their 1 mv/m contours. (See FN 5, Third Further Notice.) On 
reflection, we have decided not to attempt to resolve the rights of 
such objections at this time. They instead will be resolved if pre- 
sented in a specific case. 


Deletion of assignment where construction permit or license 
is surrendered 


37. In the Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making issued Au- 
gust 1, 1962 (FCC 62-867) the Commission said with respect to 
short-spaced stations which turn in their licenses or construction 
permits: 

We propose to adopt a rule to the effect that, when a construction permit 
or license for a station on the 80 commercial FM channels is voluntarily 
relinquished by the holder thereof, or is vacated by final Commission action 
in a renewal or revocation proceeding, the channel specified in the permit or 
license will automatically cease to be assigned to the community specified in 
the Table, and the Commission will give notice of that fact and will issue a 
Notice of Proposed Rule Making looking toward determination of whether 
the channel should remain assigned to that community or should be assigned 
elsewhere. 


The above statement of policy does not distinguish between stations 
which meet the standard spacings adopted in 1962, and those which 
are short-spaced. In any event, no final rule was adopted in this 
connection. Nor do we believe that a rule would be particularly 
useful. The action we take in any situation should depend upon the 
number of assignments in the area, the need for assignments else- 
where, the shortages involved and other considerations. It therefore 
appears appropriate to treat these cases as they come up. The plan 
we are adopting would permit such an assignment to remain im a 
community where it is needed and would spell out the permissible 
facilities, in any event another party receives a grant on the assign- 
ment in question. ; : 

38. We wish to emphasize that we are not in any way departing 
from the assignment principles previously adopted in connection with 
the Table of Assignments nor will we entertain petitions to assign 
channels to communities at spacings less than those adopted. ‘The 
procedure outlined herein is aimed at permitting existing stations 
which were licensed under previous rules and standards to increase 
their facilities and improve the service they are rendering to the 
public in those cases where the previous rules would have permitted 
such increases and in some other cases where the public would benefit 
thereby. The basic principles and allocation plan adopted in the 
Third Report remain our objectives for the FM broadcasting service. 

39. Authority for the adoption of the amendments herein 1s con- 
tained in Sections 4(i) and 303 of the Communications Act of 1984, 
as amended. 


40 F.C.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 885 


40. In view of the foregoing, IT IS ORDERED, That effective 
November 16, 1964, Part 73 of the Commission’s Rules and Regu- 
lations IS AMENDED as set forth in the attached Appendix. 

FEDERAL Communications Commission, 
Ben F. Warre, Secretary. 


APPENDIX 


1. § 73,202, Table of Assignments, is amended to include the following entries: 
Alaska: ` 


ANCHO mananan sun arses E ato 263, 267, 271, 2884 
Ea 1 BAREEN E ET EE E A 285A 
Cordova.. 2 265A 
Fairbanks. 262, 266 
Juneau... 282, 286 
Ketchikan- 290, 294 
Nome.._- 262 
Seward. 276A 
like os soe ses eens Soa oS ee cee Seto tiec be soon 284 
Hawaii: 
ilo; HANM 205-2. 2ceecier AnA A A AN 246, 250 
Kealakekua; HANAN coni reaa a ele n E a a aea 221A 


Honolulu, Oahu- 
Kailua, Oahu.. 
Waipahu, Oahu- 
Lihue, Kavai.. 
Makawao, Mau 


Wailuka; Maui-s2 22220 coco eee aces a e AE AEA EAE OS 236 
U.S. Territories and Possessions 

Guam: 
ET T. EE ENS P V A A O AAA EAA AA E EREA E 230, 238 

Puerto Rico: 
AU asaan a e a A a a a O SAS E a 275 
Aguadilla. - 225, 262 
Arecibo.._- - 293, 297 
Bayamon.. - 234, 264 
Caguas £ 277 

oamo - 223 

Fajardo. __ - 243 
Guayama. - 295 
Humacao.. - 299 
Isabella- - 268 
Manati- - Presa 245 
Mayaguez. 231, 248, 256 
Poncé@sss5-4— 227, 270, 286 
Rio: Piedras): 226222: Loto sabes. oe E esos tee lee see stesso 239 
San German 236 
San Juan_- 260, 273, 284, 289 
Utued0:.o22222b5 hie oe ess A A AIRE E reset eae 281 
Vauootan 22.6 Sooge oleae es eke S E T vet sewedoses 241 

Virgin Islands: 
Gharlotte-Amalie!=..02..2 8 L2ss24 season tech boeseee ets 250, 266 
Cliristiansted... “24-62. .62 aa nee as etcetece st 2sse kee’ 258, 291 


2, In §73.205, paragraphs (b) and (c) are amended to read as follows: 
§73.205 Zones, 
* * kod * ia igi * 

_.(b) Zone 1-A consists of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and that por- 
tion of the State of California which is located south of the 40th parallel, 

(c) Zone 11 consists of Alaska, Hawaii and the rest of the United 
States which is not located in either Zone 1 or Zone 1-A, 
$73.207 [Amendment] 


40 F.C.C, 


279-022—70 58 


886 Federal Communications Commission Reports 


3. In §73.207, paragraph (b) is deleted. and paragraph (e) is redesignated 
as paragraph (b). 
4. In §73.211, paragraph (b) (3) is added and paragraph (d) is amended to 
read as follows: 
873.211 Power and antenna height requirements. 
* * i * * * + * 
(b) Maximum power and antenna height, * * * 

(8) In Puerto Rico antenna heights may be used up to 2000 feet above 
average terrain with effective radiated powers up to 25 kw. For antenna 
heights above 2000 feet the power shall be reduced so that the station’s 
i mv/m contour (located pursuant to Figure 1 of §73.333) will be no 
further from the station’s transmitter than with the facilities of 25 kw 
and antenna height of 2000 feet. 

* * kd + * + * 

{d) Ewisting stations. Stations authorized as of September 10, 1962, 
which do not conform to the requirements of this section, may continue 
to operate as authorized; but any application to change facilities will be 
subject to the provisions of this section, except that the minimum power 
specified in paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply to an applica- 
tion to increase facilities, 

5. A new §73.213 is added: 
§78.213 Stations at spacings below the minimum separations, 

(a) Stations which are separated from other co-channel or adjacent 
channel stations less than the minimum distances specified in §73.207 may 
apply for changes in facilities provided the requested facilities conform 
with the following table: 


Facilities to be authorized for short-spaced FM stations 


Separation in Miles Facilities Authorized 


Class of Station Co-Channel First Adjacent Power Antenna 
(kw) Height (ft) 


3 800 
2 3800 
i 300 
3 ` 300 Class A 
50 500 Class B 
3 300 Class A 
20 ` 500 Class B 
3 800 Class A 
10 500 Class B 
3 300 Class A 
100 2,000 Class C 
3 300 Class A 
50 2,000 Class C 
3 300 Class A 
20 2,000 Class C 
50. ` 500 
20 500 
10 500 
5 50 


10 2,000 Class C 
- 2 100 2,000 


(b) Stations authorized facilities in excess of those specified in this 
section may continue to operate with such facilities. 

(ec) Stations may elect to operate omnidirectionally with facilities no 
greater than the least they should be permitted in any direction under 
paragraph (a) of this section. Greater facilities (up to the maximum 


40 F.C.C. 


FM Broadcast Rules et al. 887 


specified in §73.211(b) for their class) may be used if, by use of a direc- 
tional antenna, radiation in any direction in which a short separation 
exists is reduced to no more than that permitted under paragraph (a) of 
this section. Applications for use of directional antennas must be in con- 
formance with §73.316(d); in addition, the increase in radiation off the 
line between the shori-spaced stations shal) not exceed 2 db per 10 degrees 
of azimuth; and in no event shall radiation in any direction exceed the 
maximum permitted under §73.211(b) for the particular class of station. 

(d) Stations will be authorized maximum facilities for their class in 
those directions in which they are short-spaced to other stations on sec- 
ond or third adjacent channels. 

(e) The powers listed in the table are the maximums to be authorized. 
Antenna heights may be used exceeding those specified in the table for 
equivalence purposes, provided the effective radiated power is reduced in 
the amount necessary to place the 1 mv/m contour at no greater distance 
as determined by use of Figure 1 of §73.838. The antenna height value to 
be used is that above average terrain and not that in any particular direc- 
tion. Where antenna heights below 100 feet are encountered (or negative 
heights) an assumed value of 100 feet above average terrain shall be 
assumed for the purposes of this paragraph. 

(£) The following provisions will govern applications for move of trans- 
mitter site: 

(1) No application to move wili be accepted which creates short spacing 
to standard spaced stations and assignments less than the distances speci- 
fied in §78.207, including second and third adjacent channel separations. 
This provision applies even if in other respects the application would be 
acceptable under this paragraph. 

(2) Stations short-spaced with respect to other stations under §78.207 
may apply to move transmitter site, even though by the move the separa- 
tion would be further shortened, under the following conditions and with 
the following facilities: 

(i) Where the short separation is second or third adjacent channel, 
with any facilities up to the maximum permitted under §73.211. 

(ii) Where the short separation is co-channel or first adjacent channel, 
stations may apply for facilities up to the maximum for the mileage 
bracket in which they would fall after the move, as specified in paragraph 
(a) of this section, or with their present facilities if they are not moving 
so far as to fall into a lower bracket. (See subparagraph (iii) of this 
paragraph for further restrictions on very shortspaced stations.) 

(iii) The provisions of this subparagraph apply where the resulting 
separation after the move would be less than: co-channel, 40 miles Class 
A to Class A, 75 miles Class B to Class B, 90 miles Class B to Class © or 
vice versa, or 100 miles Class C to Class O; first-adjacent channel, 40 miles 
Class A to Class B or vice versa, 50 miles Class B to Class B, 60 miles 
Class A or B to Class ©, or vice versa, and 75 miles Class C to Class O. 
Stations ‘so situated may apply to move and use either their present 
+ facilities or no more than those specified for their mileage bracket in para- 
` graph (a) of this section, if the move would not decrease the short 
distance by more than three miles, If the move would decrease the short 
distance a greater amount, a station will be permitted no more than the 
facilities which would give it, in the critical direction, a 1 mv/m contour 
located no further out than that which would result from using the former 
location and the maximum facilities specified for the mileage bracket. 


40 F.C.C,