State of Maryland v. Kerron Andrews (Maryland Court of Special Appeals (2016), affirmed by the Court of Appeals of Maryland (2017))

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The first U.S. appellate ruling that using a cell-site simulator is a Fourth Amendment search ordinarily requiring a warrant. Baltimore Police used a 'Hailstorm' device without a warrant to force Andrews's phone to reveal its location inside a private home; the courts upheld suppression of the resulting evidence.