Future of Jobs Report 2025

Contextual indicators Regional average Income Gr oup average Labour for ce par ticipation (2023) 70% Vulnerable employment (2022) 6% Share of youth not in employment, educat ion, or training (NEET)(2023) 10% Unemployment rate (2023) 5% Unemployment rate among workers w ith bas ic edu.(2023) 9% Unemployment rate among workers w ith advanced edu.(2023) 4%Secondar y Educat ion Atta inment(2022) 86% Tertiary Educat ion Atta inment (2022) 40% Ease of find ing sk illed employees in local labour market(2024) 4 Fill vacanc ies by h iring for eign labour(2024) 4 Countr y investment in mid-car eer training(2022) 4 Jobs and Skills outlook 13% Global 22% Labour-market churn Five-year structural labour -force chur n37% Global 39% Skill disruption Shares of cor e skills wh ich w ill change95% Global 83% Organizations with DEI priorities Share of organ izations w ith DEI pr iorities95% Global 88% AI exposure Share of organ izations runn ing AI pr ogrammes Trend outlook Macrotrends driving business transformation Share of organ izations surveyed that ident ified th is trend as l ikely to dr ive transfor mation in the ir organ ization Economy Global Ageing and decl ining work ing- age populat ions58% 40% Slower econom ic growth50% 42% Increased focus on labour and social issues46% 46% Rising cost of l iving, h igher prices or inflat ion42% 50% Increased geopol itical d ivision and conflicts42% 34% Growing work ing-age populat ions38% 24%Increased effor ts and investments to r educe carbon…29% 47% Broaden ing d igital access29% 60% Increased effor ts and investments to adapt to cl imate …21% 41% Stricter ant i-trust and compet ition regulat ions17% 17% Increased gover nment subs idies and industr ial pol icy13% 21% Technology trends Technology trends driving business transformation Share of organ izations surveyed that ident ify the technology tr end as l ikely to dr ive bus iness transfor mation Economy Global AI and information pr ocess ing technolog ies (b ig data, VR, AR…83% 86% Robots and autonomous systems58% 58% Energy generat ion, storage and distribution38% 41% New mater ials and compos ites17% 30%Semiconductors and comput ing technolog ies8% 20% Biotechnology and gene technolog ies8% 11% Satell ites and space technolog ies4% 9% Jobs outlook Key roles for business transformation Roles most selected by organ izations surveyed, or dered by net r ole gr owth, and the ir net gr owth and structural chur n (per cent) Net growth Job Gr owth Job d isplacement Net Gr owth Global net gr owth 1.Net gr owth 2.Global net gr owth 3.Chur n NET GROWTH 1. 2. 3. AI and Mach ine Lear ning Spec ialists49 8249 Data Analysts and Sc ientists 30 4130 Business Intell igence Analysts 16 1816 Manag ing D irectors and Ch ief Execut ives14 514 General and Operat ions Managers7 410 Account ing, Bookkeep ing and Payroll Clerks-13 -1813Skill outlook Skills of increasing use by 2030 Skills of the most increase in use by 2030 Economy Global CORE SKILLS OF 2025 Analyt ical th inking 95% Resilience, flex ibility and ag ility 75% Leadersh ip and soc ial influence 65% Curiosity and l ifelong lear ning 60% Technolog ical literacy 60%SKILLS OF INCREASING USE BY 2030 AI and b ig data 85% Resilience, flex ibility and ag ility 80% Technolog ical literacy 75% Curiosity and l ifelong lear ning 70% Networks and cybersecur ity 60%1 / 2 Economy Profile EstoniaWorking Age Population (Millions) 1.0 INDICA TORS min max INDICA TORS min max -100% 100% 0 Future of Jobs Report 2025 136