ACLU Part 11

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Aclu Part 11

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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION/PRIVACY ACTS SECTION
COVER SHEET
SUBJECT: American Civil Liberties Union

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* :3 $§=N+{¥&#39;F1?9§T &#39;..°FF1¢E AND <=1v11~ sERv1<==~= ¢<>MTEE@~ e~ "" _ -< 2 11&#39;.   ...._-;._-:1. ;_F&#39;:~1= . .;: ._ _.    . p  &#39;- -;.._ &#39; _- _ Q  I153, . 1., . .. . . .. llol
Irvin A erman, the-Washington representative off _e 1can=- _i A pivili Liberties cUnio_r&#39;_i:92 ACLU!,1ywascvpery rriuch upset and_.disturbe_d over theof the SenatejPost O_££_ice;>CAomr&#39;nittee__violatingwthe condential character of £i_1es_iAiA41i;N=l;§.;r§-_;;iii;"4E3 theiriorthcorriing inquiry on securityproncedures.  He advised me today that lunch on May. l2thwith former Senator &#39;Gillett_e_and Hugh "Fingeli &#39;" Heyireterred.&#39;f!§
us wherein he made a strong presentation on the necessity of protecting1 . confidential character of fi1es.c: I-Ietoldcme that Senator Gillette impresse him as§_-kg;the letter hadwritten Senator Jcohnstonni and whichhe had also fui-nisheg1§.;f~,;L;;_;=:.-i,;_
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that we, of course, would stickcto our traditionalipositioncf butithatwonth? &&#39;he&#39;rili&#39;§§df{= Jbeing very d¬terrn_i_ne?_i_to proceed_.andhe itendsfto have public_hfea&#39;r&#39;_in"g&#39;s*on"an~ individua1;casqe basis. The only two cases that they have definitely decided
.;- hold hearings on are the WoL§_--Ladejinsky case and the Chasanow case;V;j_ »:"__ stated that they contemplated developing the basic facts and thenlit will beg2 v to get access to the files to see how the cases were handled orI told Ferman that he appreciated his concern and was sympathetic to his_
and, of course, would not even consider getting into raw files. ___;;j&#39;,E_-_1_{ . -; .| . ._., . ._I; --4 I __ 4  _   _   ~ _. , » _ . ~. . - ._ .»_ _  ~._- , _ _ . ..  - -_ . ..,-p ;.-;...__ _i .¢;._.V¬>._-:~I&#39;?1.&#39;.&#39; 13*,IQ e  -. ~.  P &#39;   "- &#39;   ?.".J&#39;92~--<5   ~  - ~ &#39;  ~:  : -&#39;1    "~ ." -  :7-- ~f -"i1&#39;1f~*=-iT::.;.».~&#39;- ~§~~3¥¢=?r}L!&#39;0 4: »._-V _  4.. y,   &#39; p . - - ~- _. ._ _~ _ _ - - -- -;__ _,v ---..  Q 4;. Q I
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;  selected information orlisummaries might not suffice. Senator eGllette-statedg . . &#39;  "  » . »  - ~ i V.~V;_V.__ this might serve the purpose. Ferman stated that- he is even more concernedI now over the confidential character of files since he feels that thepliberal force~&#39;s;__92ya§Z§§§weee pretty wen mobilized behind theinecessity of protecting fileshinc the Mece££H§+,§E3%?{F  e &#39; .  Ferinrian-asked if therecwas not some compromise and whether."";§
5&#39; hearings niight now very well reverse themselves and say that H made public in the,_Chasanow_ and _Ladejinskyicases."c5 _ .f;_j,- .  . - "-  ~--< V .,-. "1 --1  &#39; &#39; I .".&#39; &#39; _  .-= _~..  92 - <=    w_;~  "3"-M-&#39; ="92".: "&#39;-}.;-&#39;-&#39;f£§;;}x_I~».
Q L  »p - Y v 1» > T »  _&#39;  *   "-"I   "  Q5  -   _ _M V -   I told&#39;Ferman that th&#39;ese,; of course, werebnly twocases and that
 must be remei_:nber_edA that thereare many other cases andthat there _might&#39;i a time where the only way _a Government agency mightdefend it"self_would&#39;cbebare the filescto showexactlywhat was doneioui-"what&#39;was_ not done;-&#39;;:_I~told
_ should the q92&#39;41_6S121l!&#39;1&#39;l_;OfA"Our own integrit_y&#39;or_&#39;what we  ori_did&#39; n&#39;otdo_became&#39;issue, we _did3not propose to take this idly lying dOWl1.i_:_:.F6c1"I1fl3-fl stated~ .. &#39;- _&#39;-J" -"92&#39;n&#39;~ _ -_ &#39;-&#39;*-". .l:r .- . :,.._ , __- ,. <_, . _ -,;».,_ ,_,&#39;1: - _,  -}&#39;.~...92fI<~ -, &#39;.>7-1 &#39;1&#39; &#39;<{   2-J-3&#39; 5. -. "7. .-K1 I.-~. . -  :3?-L   "- Q-L5. a.- ..  /~*&#39;:&#39;.=-1  . l. " &#39; -  .=L{&#39; &#39;7 U c V &#39;4""?:&#39;?:"!::f"&#39;;:&#39;§fV&#39;"<r .-&#39; - , >",.-- ~- :3 . - * 1 _ , _- -. "Q P §".&#39; "-  ~ e"--" 4931.1.-r-4&#39; , - &#39;. "  "if. -.1 -&#39; V " ".&#39;""5&#39;92&#39; "&#39;1 " i ~ - - -~#~_ - ~4 , - .. . . ~ . V J, ¢;| 1-  :. V i }| H-J; ,~_~ ,» .__..~ Hy" &#39;1» ..». . _ e &#39;_ 5-,__., H- V -- --&#39; * &#39; _ _. , &#39; * .,.;.. -1 _  _._- ~.~__ . . . 1 -1...,   - = :2; - 1 >- 92&#39;"_,..;_ .V_» &#39; 51,*~ i 4: J.-V; : - _ &#39; - 5. n¢._.ji; cc - Mr. Boardmani&#39;.&#39;=:.e.&#39;¢-.,  .  .   .. ~     M- . .._;_ A-A__   3 f-5:133  3 § »m1.=Brg6pRD5"D3§  ""1 - &#39;  1| e""-,-
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Charles G. Belle -Mrs. Dorolhy Dunbar Bromley . &#39;Earl Brown &#39;Ralph S. Brown -  &#39;
Allan Kniqhl Chalmers  - -
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Edward J. Ennis 1-_ .Morris L. Ernsl --_. ;John F. Finerly "-"James Lawrence Fly y ~
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NATIONAL COMMITTEE _
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Vice Chairmen &#39;2 i" __ " -_  &#39;~._ &#39;»
Pearl S. Buck  Penna.! "1." -
Albert Spraque Coolidge  Mass.! ~Lloyd K. Garrison  N.Y.!
DrrFranlr P.&#39;Graharn U;NI!i&#39;-_&#39;Palmer Hoyl  Colo.!Bishor Edward L. Parsons  Cellk!Morr s Rubin $Wisc.! &#39;Lllllan E. Sr-nil o.! 
Sadie Alexander  Penna;!Thurrnan Arnold  D.C.!
Bishop James Chamberlain Baker  Cellf.!Roger N. Baldwln  N.Y.! .Aian BarlhJD.C.! - - " _ -
Francis Bid lo  D.C.!Prof. Julian P. Boyd  N.J.!Van Wyck Brooks  Conn.!Prof. James R. Caldwell  Calif.!Dr. Henry Seidel Canby  N.Y.! ~Prof. Robert K. Carr  N.H.!!;Slueri Chase  Conn.!Ggeovlllo Clark  N.H. "Dr. Rulus E. Clemenl Ga.!
Prof. Henr Sleele Commaqer  N.Y.!Morris L. Cooke gonna.!Frol. George S. unfs  N.Y.!Prof. Reberi E. Cushman  N.Y.!Elmer Davis  D.C.! _Prof. J. Franlr Doble  Texas!Melvyn Douglas  N.Y.!Dr. Frederic Ma Elioldhdass.!Prof. Thomas H. Elle!   o.! &#39;
Waller T. Fisher  ll|.! . _Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdlch  N.Y.! &#39;
Dr. Willard E. Goslin  Tenn.! ,,Grover C. Hall, Jr.  Ala.! - &#39; 1Abram L. Harris  llI.! &#39; -_&#39;Earl G. Harrison wanna.! = _Prol. Marl DeW. owe Mass.!Dr. Roberl M. Huichins N.Y.!Dr. Charles S. Johnson  Tenn.!Gerald W. Johnson  Met! &#39;Dr. Mordecai W. Jo nson  D.C.!Dr. Percy L. Julian  lll.! _ -
Boniarnin H. Kizer  Wash.!Dr. John A. Laptall.! - - -
Prof. Harold D. sswell Conn.!Mrs. Agnes Brown Leach N.Y.!Max Lerner  N.Y.!
Prof. Robert S. Lynd  N.Y.Prol. Archibald Macleish Mass.! = -gob:  :>4ear&#39;q|.han: M1ss.!  _ re . o r al evs Ohio &#39;Dean Milllcenl C. Mclnlosh  N.Y.! &#39; "
Dr. Alexander Moikleiohn  Calii.!Dr. Karl Mennlnqer  Kenn! _Rev. Harry C. Meserve  Ca|il.! &#39; * 
Donald R. Murphy  Iowa!Dr. J. Roberl Orpenheimer  N.J.! vBishop G. Brorn e Ornarn  D.C.!James G. Fallon glob? &#39; ,_ .2|. Phlg Rauzzolyp!  N. Jmo oper . . 1Dr. John Nevin Sayre  N.Y.!Prof. Arlhur Schlesin er, Jr.  Mase.!J°$0Ph Schlouberg l.Y.! - : . ~
Robert E. Sherwood  N.Y.!
Dr. Edward J. Sparllnq  lll.!Proi. George R. Slower!  Calli.! .Mrs. Doro! y Tlll,  Gm!5511:} Edvard C. o rnanl Ca;ii.! ,_v  _ " _ _ . _ y _  &#39;"-_ ,  &#39; .,a,.."_-  ..-_ _ &#39;  . .- .- . 4 3 _-_&#39;-- - _.&#39;~.~.~< Ya
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»   CALIFoh{iI&#39;i l.~T!E!S&#39; mm Pr¢oPosrl>&#39;i>las1immrvr
1&#39;"  e Also turned down was a proposed amendmentzoolthe_ cthe disbarme_nt of attorneys for Fasting disrespectfullylegislative committees!   =; J &#39;- " -&#39; ; 1»-1-.-_. 43". -&#39;":= ~  3* ~4 .   , -. -  "5".--_-._.=4~ _-&#39;4 Governor-sf of the State ar-of Cglifornialhave reijected two of threechanges in the Business and Professions code which would have led to theof attorneys under fire in_loyalty-security cases,&#39;=}~___  v..-_; -  _,,.-, .&#39;
Rejected was a proposal to disbar lawyers who toment in refusing to,answer questions about membership inandadvocacy of violent overthrow of the government.":&#39;_
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.__. . _However,the-governors&#39;didv6te"to aslFthe State Legislature to enact a lawdisbar or suspend attorneyevwho "advocate or teach the violent overthrow of thegovernment."-...;--... .::&#39;~_  &#39;1 ~  .,-,=  ~ a -   :" ~= "
The ACLU pointed out that the political views of lawyers, "in do measuremine their fitness to represent or to advise their clients," In addition, thesaid, the removal of a Communist from the practice of law has no rationalto the national security. " &#39; . . .&#39; ~   -t 
3?a-iZas»§e§&#39;;¥f?°*?°* 7?,°°? PF°&#39;??? hi 77??*75>¬§n?i%°"°H . - ~ " .mnzzs&#39;rPoLlsn marmsa FINALLY  u.s. CITIZEAEHIP _ /The American Civil Liberties Union had opposed all three proposals, whichbeen recommended by the State Bar&#39;s Committee on Rules of Professional Conducta memorandum to the Board, the ACLU&#39;s Southern California Branch stated thatthe proposed amendments_are aimed at lawyers who advocate the violent overthrowgovernment, "its effect unquestionably will beltodiscourage allTo avoid the danger of being denounced and penalized as Communists,necessary for lawyers to advocate only the orthodox social and economic views,ever inadequate they may be. ~-   &#39;  .  &#39;
_ &#39; In rejecting the two proposals the state bar explained that "&#39;p&#39;resentare adequate to bring about the disciplining of lawyers who violate the law,before committees or elsewhere, and that the exercisepof their constitutional
v1 &#39;1 >141"  &#39; A young Polish refugee who became la Uos. Air Force corporal hasAmerican citizenship after a two and a half__ year delay without having toreligious oat-h,"_"So help no Godo"_,_f;,_jf,_;__,,L._-~ ;;&#39;;;_-,,  3: &#39;3&#39; i."_____:_.__  a&#39;._-.-, F1" "",&#39;;_. 1»  &#39;,{A4"  &#39;Ihe_case involves 25-year-old Walter Plywacki. He gained his citizenshipPortland, Oregon last Januaryo He had been tumed down in August 1952 by JudgeFrank McLaughlin who regretted having to dew Plywacki citizenship but who said-our government is founded upon a belief in God ," and later added that "if youan organization that has principles based on the existence of a Supreme Being - asstated from the Declaration of Independence on down to-the latest pronouncements by°reeident Eisenhower - then you must abide by the rulesof that organisation," "
Plywacki, an atheist {was willing to affirm his loyalty without religiousorence. Hie case was aopealed, The National Liberal League, a freethinkersacked him. The Northern Calif. ACLU filed a brief in his behalf, which was
iuently upheld in effect by the attorney Generalfs action in the case. The ACLU. » I !:4! nu ,1 -_-,-_"_, _. 92 »
"To force an atheist tosay: that he bel.ieves7in&#39;Ood when he doesn"lu 19 anterference with the free exercise of his religion @- the religion of disbeliefo Ifiative-born citizex} is entitled to freedom of religion which wo 8tm
A R5361!-ILLLI! ¬VEEI|?§pSERV|C~E. FURTHER INFORMATION FURNISHED ON
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..  , _V--- ,.. _ *&#39;. . V  - &#39; _- - -  , ..4_..-,_-A-,. . _ _<» ,__ ~_ ~;~~_- :_ :_ ~. _ q -1 t - V *> __ ,_ Al _ - __, - q -> ~ V_ ,»92._ ~» 3 A.&#39; - .  &#39;1. ,9.    .-~ r 3 3,3 Y &#39;7 . l_  Es;-, 5:1 3-14 .~_._ , ~ -p . A1 _ .  ___ _ . . ._ 1_._ V1 ,._ p ,;92 _.v .&#39; .§__ _,_g ,1,7  1  I _ 1&#39; M *0 W  1 l -  ." &#39; " .--_&#39;:&#39; ""71 -9292&#39;_»-. . &#39; r&#39;¥"ieeune¢1m.-=1698"V    -"&#39;-&#39;  -2-   May 16;1955*"1i;~
&#39; "-2&#39; L 7 &#39;1&#39; "UV <. &#39;4&#39; .. _ , .- ,,.. .. .. _ ,1 .-~4-"-&#39;»*~.~:~.-~&#39;~~- ._._...._.i_ - ._.._.- __.. _A>- . ..., . ._..._....&#39;_ .__._..-._-, ~V  &#39; - - &#39;; 3 -&#39;_. ."- ",&#39; ~ "&#39;  " - - --~ -- -- -_ -~_ ._.i_._.__. _ _.-..___ ._ ,_,. _ -__ -..P.1,92>»,&#39;_.»<,L_,not to believe in God, then a petitioner for naturalization has the same right..,5,,.,f&#39;}_*,_;,_,
.Affirmations, in lieu of&#39;an oath, are expressly allowed by Congress. This shouldY§~?1¥7i*
solve this problem easily. However, it is the implications of. the decisionthat,are*i»{?-frightening. This is not a nation of God-believers alone. It is a nation of pe&#39;oi"»le:"&#39;§"?who have freedom ofconscience ;- who have the right to believe_;or__not ,toA,believe.§i§f§&#39;i%""3:-;r"..":7¬~ "   V i &#39; :~-,1.-. 1&#39;-~  ¢_?-; #5-*.= ~V;Fi.Yi§Y: £1-f":l.V"_ Z-1-&#39;ri"T~~i%;£i&#39;§~i.-*35:"  J In April of 1953 ,&#39; the Attorney General &#39;soffice&#39;,"in effect, oi-sppea_t2is&#39;¢asé;§§-;;;,
and eventually a new judge gave Plywacki his citizenship without the oath.! The casef{a-
is thought__t_o.be one of the few of its kind evergto come to light,j,;;§a_i:&#39;.1-.-&#39;f5L"&#39; 31s"~t&#39;¢,"}i.1»-;,V~>&#39;£if-.&#39;.¢~-... . . , . _.~ <- V. . -92 -- .- -_ . .. .. ,.;..->1, __ =,;_-.¢~,. K ; ;~¢-  -_~_"_~.4-j V&#39;*:,.._   .;-  .2;  "-19;  j &#39; _&#39;-,1:-1  -q. 5:»:  &#39;V  &#39;-.-*"~¬¢,v__-2_»_:"_.e:V;,1;-;;?.:?-&#39;§,_- .->.Vv - - - -> " .&#39;- -.,92.~;,&#39;:"--__§/- -,-,-3,_ &#39;..&#39;,..-.§j-3-.- "  .~ COURT, BARS POLITICAL QUESTIQIE IN I192UiERITAl92T3E.CASE_§f;§f;;:_g";;&#39;
_<,§&#39;.V»1-&#39;»"-.fVF$Vv&#39;_.:=. ~.  §.f- L " : . ~ -1-1; .- -  T, &#39;._.~-.:,~ .;;;,.  v&#39;_»__-.;-&#39;~;~&#39;=.;:}"_..§;:?F§*ZZ
1 A - The right of a son residing ins foreignqcountrypto inherit his father&#39;s es-V/r.&#39;f&#39;f;
tate without having to answer questions about his-political affiliations has been upé;;,_
held by a New Jersey appea1s_court..I"1he .court&#39;also ruled on the extent o_f_ due|3¢;,&#39;§>wT92;§;Z<f§,
processin inheritance cases. ls "";l&#39;,-.§:»;3%i;&#39;t».T?j~?:ja_=;.._.=,fggg 92~..-,:f,;~1__»:;§}7:,f
 &#39; _ When Joseph Hozar died, his-brother Stephen thought he was the sole heir
was made administrator of the estate. In December 1953, Alois Wozar, a resident
Czechoslovakia, claimed to be Josephis son and therefore entitled to the inheritancejé-e;*i,&#39;_
He filed in an Ocean County, N.J. court through American &#39;attorneys_to Tobtain hisheritamok  &#39;_V_; &#39; 1;   fa, =:;-:a:,;&#39;H§AA;3;_"j5j;&#39;. _§};§":;{&#39;iY_II~&#39;F;~ ~ ~ V  &#39;" -:  o-  .*"- "~~; §1-»~%"::92-*~.*.-:- t-F1-.V=_=.:-=»~r.-&#39; &#39;~&#39;!:,-&#39;¬"-~&#39;~j-:1; -  . ~V-~»*<,*;.o3i"»~»@*.~;;:;V~&#39;;-= -a-1* e=*-av-.&#39;~*»"-.:&#39;_&#39; " ~_" " &#39;." &#39; " &#39;" "="t*&#39;-"" ~"" ~"*-V-&#39;~"- ¢~&#39;~+&#39;-i»s".#~=&#39;=-~;-e~-of-=e&#39;--w &#39;.--~.*_.-a_._-_-;&#39;-==*-.~*"<.-. Y . - Counsel forStephen Wozar sought to identify Alois further and securedlintedzl-a-7*f3g}A
Czechoslovalda to prove his claim. Amongthe questions asked were three pertaixminggg;rogatories from the court requiring that information besubmitted bytAlois 11-!ozar_.
to his _p_0SSib1B membership in the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia or hiswith Communist organizations there.?~ ~*-1 = .. ~" &#39;>&#39;;  -__*:3~§_~f~*  &#39;  &#39; .   r ._ ~ If-It j.&#39;:_ "Iii ;;;_7;;l{:;&#39;.--n_-f  ._&#39;-;j:_1V__.f:;§_ "_ Acting in the 1~!ew~Jersey&#39; court in behalf of Alois Wozar, attorney Jerome&#39;AIp¢§%_g*; T;
of Newark failed to submitamr answers to the questions as to Wozar&#39;s possible
nist sympathies and sought to have the case continued long enough to have testixnornjgrv
taken in Czechoslovakia on other matters relating to I-&#39;Iozar&#39;s identity.  the&#39;,_--ff
interim, attorneys for Stephen Wozar were successful in having the entire case dis"-l"_l?,,
missed in August 19514 on the grounds that enough time had elapsed a_nd_,the questionsfgihad not been answered. 1 H "I  7""  &#39;*&#39;_&#39;_.&#39;Ti&#39;?¢-?:§»§&#39;.TI,":*TTT&#39;7-3:T?:I3i W 7*?. _ _ p ._ . _ _v    , ,-,  .,&#39;-I-,; _92&#39; _;. ..;:._.*_&#39;__= 1;
The Appellate Division of the Superior Court of New Jersey reversed t}1is&#39;ac§-T-jg;
tion, declaring that questions regarding Wozar&#39;s possible Communist affiliations we;je§*,;§
"manifestly improper and irrelevant." Since the action deals with the right of a son?
to inherit his father&#39;s estate, "hi_s political beliefs as a citizen and resident cf.=e_-ZCzechoslovakia in the present posture of the case before us have no per_tinency,"_.§the court said. A 4 .s -; V:  1&#39;,-1;".  ...<_I;;;i~.;&#39;1&#39;_
Y . _ : .> A .3 _:_>v__ D  _ - - 92.-2&#39;1. I __  . _  I. .,;~:&#39;-_-._>, - . T _z_;"i?n,
With respect to due process, the court noted that iarialcourts have 1/1ide,Adi_s,&#39;-5,;
eretion in this type of case, including the right to dismiss the case entirely; _Bu1;,
said the court, "Such drastic action should not be taken except inunusual c:i.rc92nn&#39;g-f".~;;?
stances which display gross inattention, carelessness or contumacye;.&#39;? Noting t11§;§§§
difficulty of shuttling information back and forth from Czechoslovakia, the couiftig; ~,
indicated that a reasonable time hadto be allowed in order .to establish the, »"&#39;V;-1sary proof of 92&#39;Ioza.r&#39;s claim. ._§&#39;We_ find no evidem_e__ o_f:a_ _d:§;.i§913;*f9,di§1:eg§-£d;._Q¬7§&#39;§;g~-&#39;-- -.~-3 &#39;~&#39;»&#39;*&#39;i&#39;  &#39;- :.:.. t :&#39;.  "F. . -an ,1»: .¢ ~ :-.&#39;;;V*_..~ ;~: &#39;k~..>~¢;- --.A§~,. :; }Judicial authority," it seid.:..::e=;<*:g~;.t 5&#39;3,v>~f~&#39;;~§3f*7I5-:2 .»=..&#39;V,-. ..; -;-3~~.,~.~.».~-<~~~1:s;i=f/v-":-- =s.#&#39;*&#39;;¢;?-1&#39;3:-~5&#39;,-a~a -"1- , _ . V- I  - . 1, &#39; _- -~~_~-- -> 1- ~.-., .&#39;-  .2: /4-. .V ~-.1-&#39;-4-i  »=~V.P;a&#39;-" ,.?.&#39;c&#39;F§:.:;$:> ._;_*;&#39;~,» ~&#39;,&#39;_; Tn re -,. ~ .&#39;_ .  V 1;.--r" I -n~ v,&#39;:~;-#,- 1-,1"V 5&#39; ->1_:__&#39;.V;.&#39;=~» .,.:a~-*.,&#39;.¢-_..5.;-a 3-,1-T-_ _~.:- _
Vcase has been  orders:   "N
lverification of documentary proof???{1-§}T1&#39;,f?;&#39;-"3; &#39;*§.<~ ,4,;~:_i-I_._1;T,_<f_j&#39;1 &#39;543,13-.1 " &#39; .&#39; . ~ -": 7". &#39;"   -"§"=4-.  -_&#39;  CENSORS!-XIP Ar-to Am:-nmisn 311.15 DEFEATED IN  _
..> V-2: V"  &#39; p &#39; .  _4 4  _ __,_ ,-. ._. ~f }T:.&#39;_:&#39;-1 -_ __-_: f  .,;-_192_1"92"§_;:,-:~:$:.:"=i: _<:?&#39;.::-:2: hi»:  ;&#39;5  -- A sweeping censorship bill &#39;andan"anti-m1dism92bill&#39; have__ bee_n&#39;defeatedLb;f,Lt_lie- 
J7§__92 1 _ _
W "3 4- , ~0-l 4*"?- ~ _92 ,~ R» » -Arkansas legislature at its current session; The censorship measure would havej;&#39;pr_o;-
hibited the publication or dissemination of any obscene material in aw medi92m92&#39;.of--"I
communication whatsoever and would have also made, it a crime to giye irzformatigné.§§;;V_q
to where such material couldbe o_btained.;: "lj_;_&#39;-§_-L,-. ,}_I;_;aég;z;+;*g;;;.g;&§_&#39;- »   - - _ - &#39; -<5-J---P-,;Z>:;;_.rI=l§"f,&#39;i1.3:i§_i*&#39;Tfl   ;:-.;&#39;?%i5".§~;&#39;,~f2F?£161}&#39;_  &#39; Thehbill did not say who would Judge the obscenity and any person could-hévéléii
" filed a_ protest under it. The present Arkansas laws dealing with this subject p921li?&#39;f:.~"-,1!the authority to ban magazines, "movies, and other publications or entertahment,the hands of the prosecutizx; attorneys or censorship boards. - "a V~ ~ V --<    ~ 1   ~*  .>:=a&#39;*a,.&#39; The anti-nudism bill defined nudism as congregating with the body eJqJ0S6__i§-&#39;192§£j-e presence of "one orimore" of the opposite sex. The proposal would also havefgg
7&#39;-led the publication, sale or possession of literature_prgmoting nudism. 4;;
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_ _ A recent attempt by Columbia Pictures Corporation te neit p&#39;ie1eetin;.;"er "its; §;;~.l_j_?."1  offices or distribution of communications terming it "unfair&#39;f drew_aprote§t fro_p_i._the" &#39; Minnesota Branch of the American Civil Liberties__,U_nione   -_-.-§;;&#39;:;_-{;1;1§i;_~1;,/oi;-;*;;;tl;5;:;%j~~~  J ._  --.___»_---;_ _;._- :2. - . &#39; 1 &#39;~.n-.,I ~ ;. I-V . §;&#39;f&#39; ,;  Z»-,2:  v- P &#39;_:&#39;,§;&#39;g~_,,&#39; .1.H:&#39;~.&#39;  u zit  = In a friend of the court brief filed with the U.S._ District Court in 1-iinneeg-golis, the ACLU opposed on free speech grounds Columbia&#39;s petition for an in;junction_e_The order was sought against a group of independent theatre" ownerspand their associay" _ tion, North Central Allied, which had objected to film rentals demanded by Columbiai_ . - They picketed&#39;Co11.unbia&#39;s Minneapolis office withosigns declaring: "Columbia is Unfair~ " &#39; ~to the Independent Theatre &#39;0wners,&#39;_&#39; -and planned to, issue bulletins concerning  _.~,§:_v efms "1"?  -I ». . &#39; H u Considering only theicivil liberties issues involved,  ACI_.U1brief
 &#39;columbiaIs~ complaint on grounds that; 1 _ =1_  f=~&#39;-f  1~&#39;*:&#39;E ":=.f?-:-ii:»_;~£~_&#39; =j~~i_~- -&#39;4l.&#39;5~§-_>.;&#39;- - < - -., . if .- - j   _ at , .*.*§;%,&#39;-i&#39;;.1j_-._@.3l,~;irz; .1&#39; "Picketing is ameans of expression protected by the constitutional guarantifes_ of free speech...e_   &#39;_r-Y  ~    1},-§&#39;;t~_,=.  . Wj- ,"-_-"_;_E=.;A;~,,£1i"-_. 4  n= I " . &#39;. ~  _,;;"""&#39;="-"3-_-&#39;  -&#39; 1 .&#39;.j1}-.-~- "speech, whether by verbal utterance, picketing orother publication, may b&#39;e_jZ;.punished if it transgresses legal limits, but may not be subject to prior restraintiefé;- by 11921*m=*1<>¥1.<>1" Otherwise-w I _- ..  <_&#39;.&#39; 1::.;&#39;:~.;. j;.&#39;.:_L.:.:-.~_
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. "The court cannot control or forbid expression _because of an allegation ap§r&#39;§-_&#39;-&#39; hension or fact that in content it may be inaccurate, unreasonable, or fa1se.F!- _ _  _~_-.. ._~,,~ ,.»- ~ .-,..<~._&#39;:,.
if 4 Libel and slander laws protect persons and firms from unrestrained attack,_&#39;_i.it;;:,jwas pointed out; _, - .  ~   "  ,-&#39; "-II  &#39; - V -&#39;~ I &#39; 2" &#39;..~&#39;_.__":_ :92&#39;?-1  -Y "".:&#39;_,-I:-§&#39;__~»;fThe suit was finally dropped, after the defendant ag-eed to refrain fron1_§&#39;j.:T_»i<-I§§&#39;§. picketing for the present. The Minnesota ACLU had hoped the case would advance in=.;~"{fthe courts as it believed the free speech point shouldohave been the basis for an,-1-ggig;favorable decision for the theatre owners. _&#39; -.   . . &#39;    &#39; " _
- CALIFCRNIA ZONING LAW HELD INVALDJ IN CHURCH CASE*- i ..".&#39;3&#39;Z13_*f~,fs§1»-_ ".1. _&#39; ..,. - g. - ;_ . ;-<,_&#39;,- -&#39;
" &#39; " . <. ,1A unanimous three-man state District Court of Appeals declared unoonstitution-j-ffal a Piedmont, California ordinance banning the building of a private Catholic school?
The decision was made in a case brought by the Catholic Welfare Federation,which the ACLU Of Northern California filed friend of the court briefs alongother organizations. The court ordered the city to issue a building permit tochurch organization for a parochial school,  &#39;5-&#39;,i";;.f&#39;._§-,;p&#39;92j_t"-jfi;
" In its opinion, the courts aid, "It is settled that parents have the bas&#39;ic_4>o&#39;on1-I,Btitutional right to have their children educated in schools oftheir own choice:,*f=~§%1~subject to reasonable regulations as to subjects required to be taught, mannerinstruction, etc, Having this basic right in mind, no reasonable ground for permi_t}_&#39;.i5gpublic schools to be conducted inzone &#39;A&#39; and prohibitingall other schools tea&#39;chi__ng*-the same subjects to.the same agelgroups can be&#39;suggested_",";  " ff-1.. __ - &#39; - o - -  . _-  ~ . _.- be  o  . --_- ¢,».,92...e:.- ~ ",n,t-in-»&#39;>_"¢"~~1/-Z_&#39;I&#39; =&#39;{j>»&#39; <~ I *&#39;_"-14 .1 .,.;
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~  ---&#39;-*T&#39;_7"~+~"-"" crvn. nmms co-n=1.mn~s ARISE IN ommwA*_@<--&#39;¬;;f§,~,92,;@_ -_&#39;._;2~;2:.__   1 .5
&#39; Okinawa, main island of the  group betwesnllapan and Formosa and the?- UeS. Arnwls "bastion of the Pacific," has become an issue of_civil rights under n:i.J.&#39;iL-@5155W1! government through complaints made to the ACLU by the Japanese Civil Libert_i9,§_Z{j:_§~,§Uni-O11. The complaints came from Okinawans resident in Japan. The Union has take1&#39;;_,92§i;§&#39;, the complaints with the military authorities in Washington, who have under considéraggegition changes in administration. Okinawa is the only area _remain:l.ng* where _U.$_etev ml» e template--.1».~ .. -  _ o -  "The islands are held in .trust by the u;s.&#39; under the Japanese peace tre_aty"-fore.-L,eventual return to Japan. U.S- military authorities exercise complete power&#39; native civil affairs, Complaints range "from denial of self-government" to extensive>;,~-i"seizures of farm land for military use without adequate compensation &#39;or provigxioi&#39;1_;&#39;,_-i_T;§i&#39;§?settlement elsewhere. i,  ~  A _ ,3»  to    _&#39;_< -1_ -
The Union has made a series of suggestions to the military authorities for
..-92
7. . ,_ 7, _ ».~- ,  r -- V _ ,_, - _. _ _ A-.7-._<~ _;~&#39;v,  L" _1 _&#39;_;!.&#39;.;;- _,- _,",,$ _ ¢_-_i_-5~ , &#39; &#39;_ ,>&#39;_ _, f&#39;_   .*,"§;_ 5 &#39;1 ~; iii. _ _ 4_Lg,_* . _ l.92I-x- _,, _ V,__ . _. v_92,.  _ ., .  -- ~e__92 stzlliil wider rights to the native population of 750,030, subject only t9_T 1y. -- _ _ . - _ - ,  _ I -4V_,F.:&#39;.1-. _/