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NY 105-5999
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Ch June 13, 19611, CLARENCE JONES contacted OSSIE DAVIS
and stated that "in reflecting on today's conference» the 111°
important thing discussed was MALCOLM X's idea that we
internationalize the question of civil rights and bring it
before the U21," JONES eteted he thought that MALCOLM X had the
best idea of all those discussed at the conference on the ques-
tion of the civil rights movement in the United States today.
According to OSSIE DAVIS, MALCOLM X's idea is to bring the
negro question before the UN to inter-nationalize the wholesquestion and bring it before the whole world / . ~
JONES stated that "'r':e should present the plight *Negro to the Daited Nft192ons -General Assembly in
er of this :,'eer."'"' 5;,0&4.!
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NY 105-3999
OSSIE DAVIS said "Ihis time we wonit make the some
mistake WILI-Ini PATIERSGN made 10 pears ego." According to
JONES, MALCOLM X should "asume the responsibility of
making the foreign arrangements as he's been there."
mi; i' ' "
£341--92"
c ntacted MALCOLM X on Oétober 29,
_1961l, at ew or . told MALCOLM X how much he liked
his comments on the111't'Et1ent oi principal on A1'ro-American
unity and commented at this would change the political
power status. a e H4 to him a printed
copy or the eta emen remarked that
he planned to write to we Nev-' Yam lime u eerring thismatter and considered doing an srticleuwthen mentioned
that many civil rights people are not s whet MALCOLM X
is trying to do.
of his services to MALCOLM X.
t should be transcribed and printed
to get MALCOIM X's speeches printed st no
b1b,°
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his recent meeting had been taped
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The Hashington Committee for Democratic
Action, the American Youth Congress, and
the National Negro Congress have been
designated pursuant to Executive ruer
A characterization of "Freedomwaya 15 contained
in the lppendix section of this report.
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To Africa, April 13 196Rilhiweél nee a;._;s§Lt
On May 21, 1964, Supervisor JOB ADAMS,Immigration and Naturalization Service INS!, John F.
Kennedy 92JFK; International Airport, Mei York,
advised that MALCOLM X. LITTLE, ?assport Number
C29#275, using the name MALIK EL SHABAZZ arrived
in the United States at 4:25 p.m., aboard Pan
American flight 115 from Paris, France.
GDOn July 13, 19
itinerary of MALCOLM X6% furnished an
to Africa
which indicated the following schedule:
April 14 to May
5. 1955
May 6, 1964
May 8, 196%
New
May
Hay
HawJ
18,
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I1961+
1964
1964
1961+
-90-He departed the United
States for Cairo, Egypt.
in airo, nited irab
Republic, Beirut,
Lebanon and Saudi Arabia,
where he completed
nilmrimaze to Mecca. l"_'_GI_'_'_'_Y " ' """
In Lagos, Nigeria.
In Ibadan, Nigeria.
In Accra, Ghana.
Morocco.
In Algiers.
Returned to the United
States.
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ur 105-8999
At Ibedan;1
copy
Nigeria, dated Ma Y
of an interview with MALCOLM X. _.= if
"Pilot" datelined Ibadan,
1964, contained an article 92
According to"
this article MALCOLM X stated "United States Yeace
Corps are spies. They are mssicnaries of
neo-colonialism and although white American Peace
Corps were dangerous, enough to invoke protest
from any country they were operating, Negro
American Peace Corps were more dangerous and .
objectional." This article also stated that
MALCOLM X remarked that the "Negroes in Peace
Corps were being used by the American Government
to place a wedge between American Negroes and
Africans with viewertowarding concept of
Africianization of Negroes".
MALCOLM X added "Peace Corps has been
instructed to present such a repugnant image of
American Negroes to the extent that Africans,-
would be compelled to be unsympathetic to Negro
causes in America."
- "MALCOLM X arrived in Ibadan, Nigeria
on May 8, l96#. He visited the
Ibadan where he spoke before an
BOO to 500 persons sponsored by
of Nigerian Etudents. Excerpts
speech are as follows:
. "Our little chat will
lnnnlr fngv thgng Inlgr-pg _l;_rrpr1nn_r1a w PT T. T I Q 1317i 1
oppressed for 400 years and areuniversity of
audience of from
the National Union
from s
be informal. I
who have been
still oppressed
today in 1963. The American propagandists
have tried to tell you that American Negroes are
not interested in Africa and Africans are not
ntereeted in American Ne roes.wall? MAE1 8
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"Many of you who think the black man has
been emancipated in America, Just go there and
visit without your national costume and you will
be subject to unheard or indignities. Don't
misunderstand me, I'm not here to condemn America.
"The black man has been so victimized
in America that we don't even like each other.
We have lost our self-respect. Even it a Negro
graduates from Yale, Harvard or Columbia, he don't
know who he is. He
he is. 1-Ie has been
background. He has
trained like a dog.has been trained to ignore who
taught that he has no cultural
not been educated. He has been
They have killed us morally. -
They have made drunkards out of us, they have made
drug addicts out of us.
' :Bueepeop1e are responsible for the
Negro loss of identity; the slave trader, the
slave master andthe slave maker, etc. The
government of the United States is a government
of the white people by the white people and for
the benefit of the white people".
MA1CO1MYfurther stated that "if the
Americans are so opposed to the African Americans
having their freedom and civil rights why are
they doing so much to help the African nations by
sending money, technicians and Peace Corps volunteers
here?
MALCOLM responded "I should think the
answer to that question is obvious from the
conditions described in it. They have the same
thing in mind. Remember, the white man is the
greatest hate teacher who ever walked the faceof the earth." wadt Jo.¢;,_;;/1!
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on sy ,
e cs s of the university that . n the mpu
on M1-92.DO0I.M's speech was mixed. According to aSouth African gape rofessor who condemned theperformance use beé worse than that oi"!Verwoerd."".
Prime llinistér. HENTIEEK F. WIR_iDIPD or South Aieé! and that
=111n=e-a'mnd1ng Became highly ini1smed'by_ ths~..vitro'i'1which
W8 lj Ilorstthst bad been seen daring the pretessaris nine
years on gthe campus of the University_o£_Ibadan.ggltil
"Elly 1-1,
196!» 'l|hio'h carried the report of an exclusive
interview with !4.AlCOI.-M -X held in Ibadan, Western
Nigeria in which "the I-lack Muslim leader reportedly
called on all African countries to take 1 firm
stand against the human rights violation of the
22 million Negroes in the United States .19 the
same way they would in the case of South
Ahica cording to the interview Malcolm X
also urged African states to bring the problem
of Black Negroes in the United States to the
notice of the United Nations in the same way as
the African states would in the case of Mongoliaand South A1-1~1ea.2§ §!92uJ
"Malcolm I said his movement was determined
to change the image of Negroes in the United States
to a positive one with a. view to restoring our
cultural identity and building up conmunication
and understanding of black Mus i s in the UniedStates and African countries
"Malcolm X said he wanted to establish
s Black P-ease corps which would black
tions ' . , gulturmto all African na W adQ ~11 am
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NY 105-3999 S
"Malcolm X denied that he had describedmembers of the peace corps in Nigeria as spies butadmitted that thq Ian missionaries of old whoare paving the way for neo-cclonialism'". g1gq I
Lt Accra GhanaV--- """'
Hay ll, 1964. He was not oftidally invited toGhana by the Ghanaian Government but came at theinvitation of the Marxist Forum", a new studentorganization in the iniversity of Ghana. He didnot have an interview with President HKRUMAH nordid the overnment hold any official receptionfor him _During his visit, MALCOLM spoke to theAssociation of Ghanaian Journalists and gave alecture at the University of Ghana entitled "WillAfrica Ignite Amer-ica.'.s Racial Powder Keg'?". Healso spoke before the students of Kwame Kg;-aa'¢11Ideological Institute and to an informal group
of Parliament members.@WMALCOLM emphasized the ollowing basicthemes during his tour to Ghana.. l. The Negroes were stolen from Africaand forced to forget their culture and traditions, 1yet they never have been accepted into American 92society. M2. The Christian religion has been usedto oppress Negroe and encourage them to accept
an interior position.
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3. Fore is the only possible way toachieve equality. $
H, Qhe United States is the "master of
imperialism" without those support otherimperialistic nations could not exist.;i_
5. White America is guilty of dehumanizing
the merican egro and putting him to death as ahuman being.!E?
6. If America is not interested in human
rights in Ameriea, hoe sen she be interested in human
rights in Africa? The American Government should
not send the yeace corps to Africa, the shouldsend them to Mississippi and Alabama.j£g
7. The only difference between apathy
in South Africa and racism in the United States is
that "while South-Africa preaches and practices
segregation, the United States preaches integration
and praetiees eegregation=%J-
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at a press conference held on ay 21,
196%, at the Hotel Theresa at New York City,
MALCOLM X, who had Just returned from a tour to
Africa, stated that he had been in contact with
many leaders
some support
countries in
a Muslim but
' '¥'in Atriee and that he hopes te reeeive
from some of the leaders of the various
Africa. He stated that he is still
was not working with ELIJAHtMUHAMAD.
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NY 105-B999
The New York "Herald Tribune", local
New York City newspaper, dated lay 22, 1965,contained an article captioned "Malcolm X Objective -
African Aid for Negroes. This article stated:
"Malcolm X, who seceded from the Black
Muslims to organize his own black nationalist
movement, said yesterday he will try to bring
the numerous Negro civil rights groups or the nation
into a united front in an effort to win support in the
United Nations from the African nations.
In a press conference at the Hotel
Therese, 125th St. and Seventh Ave., he said he
would soon call a private meeting, secret if
necessary, of various Negro leaders to form a
single civil Tight organization.
The ultimate purpose, he explained, is to
bring the plight of Afro-American Negroes before
the United Nations.
"He said leaders or African nations he
had talked to told him they Iould help the civil
rights movement in America if the Negroes here form
a single group, no matter how loosely. He recently
returned from a trip to Africa.
"As the best method of winning recognition
tor American Negroes, he said: We'll try one method.
If that doesn't work, then we'll try another.
And if that doesn't ecrk, then we'll try another,
that's all.
He refused to elaborate or explain what
that's all meant."
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The New York "Amsterdam News" local MewYork Negro newspaper, dated May 23, 1965, contained
an article captioned "Is Mecca Trip Changing
Malcolm X?". This article in part states:
"Has the visit of Malcolm X, now El
Hajj Malik El Shabbazz, to Mecca and with
Muslim leaders in Africa changed him to became soft
in his anti-white feelings and to become more
religious?
"This is the feeling of this reporter
following receipt of a newsletter this week rrom
Nigeria in which Malcolm, who is due to return to
New York next week, said that he was being received
with warm hospitality throughout Africa where he
said they love us as their long - lost brothers.
"Asserting that his trip to Mecca had
officially established his new religious Muslim
Mosque, Inc., at the Hotel Theresa, Malcolm said
his trip had also establihed that Africans are
interested in the plight of the nation's 22 million
African Americans. -
"A possible clue to Malcolm's suspected
change in his militant racial attitudes was seen
in a newsletter received this week by the
Amsterdam News. -
"'As far as the Muslims of Asia, Arabia,
and even Europe, are concerned, in regards to the
plight or the 22 million African-Americans, the
Koran compels all people who accept the Islam
religion to take a firm stand on the side of
anyone whose human rights are being violated, no
matter what the religious persuasion of the victims
may be. -
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"Fresh from a visit to the Muslim holy
city of Mecca and a tour of several African nations,
Malcolm X is scheduled to return to New York
Thursday afternoon, May 21, to launch a drive urging
closer ties between American Negroes and Africans.
"Malcolm hinted his new philosophy in a letter
to the Amsterdam News in which he said that He
can learn much from the strategy used by the
American Jews. They have never migrated physically
to Israel, yet their cultural, philosophical and
psychological ties to Israel has enhanced their
political, economic and social position right there
in America.
'Pan Africanism will do tor people of
African decent all over the world the same that
Zionism has done for Jews all over the world,
Malcolm wrote.
Malcolm's letters to this newspaper during
his almost two months in Africa indicate something
or a change in his position to wcrkzfor closer ties
with civil rights leaders and a lessening of his
anti-white attitudes. During his visit to Mecca
he was the guest of the government for 12 days and
was treated as a dignitary in most of the places
he traveled, his letters asserted.
0n.May 23, 1964, MALCOLM X appeared on
Knp's Show", channel 7-TV, Chicago, Illinois. On
the panel show he was asked if he was able to
get into Mecca, a closed city by his own identifica-
tion or did he have to pass some kind of test to
prove that he was a Muslim.
MALCOLM said he arrived in Cairo about _
3:00 in the morning and his inability to speak _
Arabic plus his American passport made him eutomaticallya,
suspect. So he was taken from'the group that he ?
originally started out from Cairo with and placed .
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HY 105-3999
in a compound which has been built there in Jedda
which houses all of the incoming pilgrims, and he
thought about 90,000 came in this year by planeslone.
He was put in this place and he had to admit he was
worried because he couldn't communicate. And he
stayed there about 20 hours and he was in :5
haram phonetic! which is a two-piece towel outfit.
Your waist from the belt downward is wrapped in
one towel and from the waist upward in another.And after being in this particular plight for about,¢ /20 hours, he eoalled that Dr scmmass gagonetic!from New Egrrhad giwe2,hIm a book that been seto him b" ahbahahhawneah phonetic!. e name ofthe book;Zs "The Eternal Message or Muhammad."
And I recalled, so I called his son and after
reaching his son, his son came to the place where
he was and used his authority to get him released,
get my pa port. He took him to his home where hemet Azay/;:RSHA phonetic!, and he gave him his suite
at the edda Palace Hotel and the next morning hewas visit:g,bythe son of Prince FAISAL phonetic!,
.'r.e=.s.*se.es~...1seL phonetic! . se informed his-. that
he was to be a state guest so that the remaining
12 days that he was in Arabia, he was a guest or
state. They gave him a car -- they placed a car
at ms disposal, gave hima guide -- a mualam phonetic!
and a chauffeur and made it possible,/after going
before the highest committee of the court, for
him to travel back and forth between Mecca and Jedda
and Medina almost at will. He was given the highest
honor and respect and hospitality that s visitor
could receive anywhere. '
Question: "Outside of this honor
and respect, did your
religious beliefs as a former follower of ELIJAH
MUHAMMAD qualify you as a Moslem by their standards?
Are the two religions similar?
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well, as I said, I went berore the highest
committee, the Grand Court, which passes on whether
or not you can enter Mecca, and I know what the
religion of Islam teaches and I answered the questions
asked of me accordingly. And, in fact, the only
qualification for entering Mecca is it you bear
witness here he recites some foreign words!,
which means I bear witness that there is no God but
Allah and MUHAMMAD is his Apostle, plus other
questions that I was asked. I had no trouble. Besides ,
Prince FAI3AL had given me his Deputy Chief of Protocol
who went with me before the Court and acted as my
interpreter. So I had no trouble at all."
The New York "Amsterdam News" dated
May 30, 196%, contained an article captioned "'My
Next Move - -' Malcolm X an Exclusive Interview".
According to this article, MALCOLM X is "asserting
that most Negroes and Negro organizations have
a very narrow approach to the whole race question,
Malcolm will shortly launch a new national organiza-
tion to work in the political, economic, and social
areas in the struggle tor Negro advancement.
"'He hope within the next eight days to
make known the aims and obgectives of this
organization which will be open for the participation
of all Negroes, and we will be willing toaccept the
support of people of all races. Malcolm told the
Amsterdam News in an exclusive interview.
"Fresh from a rive-weeks trip to Africa,
the black nationalist leader said the new organiza-
tion would be a chance where Negroes can help
themselves.
"° MET
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"'We don't want white people to think we
need them, but if whites want to help, good. If
they don't want to help, that's good too, he said.
"The first major obiective of the new
group, he asserted, would be to get the ease or the
American Negro before the United Nations this tall,
indicating that during his travels in Africa he
received strong encouragements that this was highly
possible.
'During my travels I told Africans that they
could not Justify their indictments of racism in
South Africa and Angola and at the same time
keep 3nC1GS¬: mouth to situations against the
22 million black Americans. Malcolm said.
"He stated that his trip had helped
him to become more aware that most Negio organizations
and leaders see the race problem only -in the scope
of their own organizations and indiviuval selfs.
This new organization intends to make it possiblefor Negroes to form one solid front, the former
Black hueiim leader declared.
"Regarding his future, Malcolm said he
would work on formation of the new organization
for the time being.
"He blasted back at officials who have
sought to link him with the so-called blood
brothers asserting that these officials should
be worrying about the oroohe roaming their boroughs.
If they can indict me through their statements,
perhaps we need some blood brothers.
-191-
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smn.[fb 0nq1961+, furnished acopy of a letter wr t en by X from Jedda,
Saudi Arabia, dated April 20, 196%, which stated
that during his pilgrimage to Mecca, he observed
many white persons who displayed the spirit of
unity and brotherhood that he did not believe could
ever have existed based on his previous American
experience. He stated that America needs to
understand Ielam because it is the one religion
that ereses the race problem from society. He
also stated that if whites and non-whites would
accept Islam, they would become changed people
since it removes racism, and all members thus
automaticaL y accept each other as brothers and
sisters. H» went on in the letter to state "you
may be shozlcd at these words coming from me"
and he added that his pilgrimage has taught him
that if Islam can replace the spirit of true
brotherhood in the hearts of whites, he has met
there, it can also remove the "cancer uf racism"
from the heart of white America.
92ra_veI.toA£rice_f ' nil 9 .-..--.1%h' to .H.=1'.=.r=~92>~=_r:g§. .°'i96_1.»._-ya .
on July 6, 1964, MALCOLM X using the name
HAJJ MALIK EL SHAJ:AZZ' with Passport number
C29#275, purchased a one way ticket to Cairo,
Egypt via London, England. He was scheduled to
depart from JFK International Airport, New York,
Qn July 9, 2.2614, aboard 1ran World Airlines mi!
flight 700, due to arrive in London, England,
7:30 a.m., July 10, 1964. He was scheduled to de@_
part London, England, 3:30 p.m., July 1, 196d,
aboard United Arab Airlines, flight 790 to
Cairo, Egypt. MALCOLM failed to make return
reservations or airline bookings when he arrived
in Cairo for his return _u-11,10 $5 ;m_;{g,,a.5¢,,¢,,8,
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MALCOLM stated he would be in Africa for
approximately five weeks... While in London he was
scheduled to meet with an unknown representative
or the Islamic Gen
h
of the
Islamic Center
Newo , a v se hat MAIBOLMX at
8:00 p.m., July 9, 1951+, aboard flight 700
for London, England, ultimately. destined to_ ;g1m,ggyp1;,,
' -- .- i - . I " Q! - F If - .
The New York Times , dhtQOJii2L1z 10,19-allzcontained an
article on MALCOLM X's departure1noh' indicated
he intended to be an observer in Cairo at the
meeting of 33 African nations belonging to the
organization or African Unity. According to the
article, MALO0LHLplanned to lobby to get these
leaders to take the question or the treatment
of Negroes in America to the United Nations. He
also planned another trip to Mecca and intended
to obtain Musl m religious support in his quarrel
with the Nation of Islam. _
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MALCOIM X in Boston, Jiassachusetts,a former H01 member, has furnished moneyMALCOLM X for his t i to Af_I'1°?~r r '/l/5/U/I 5/ it ./ '7 .1?
The "New YO¥k~§¢I3nI IIUEII_NEI YOrR-an
daily newspaper, dated July 12, 196%, containedan article captioned Malcolm X on to Cairo".
This article, datelined London, July ll, stated
"Malcolm X left here by air for Cairo today to
attend a meeting of the organization for African
unity as an observer".
-
Speaking to our reporters at the airport
the extremist American Negro leader called for the
Negro problem in the United States to be brought
before the United Nations.
"He arrived here tram the United States
yesterday. He said that during his 2% hour stay
here I have had talks with African and other
Muslims all or whom realize that our problem in
America is serious enough for it to be brought
beiore the United Nations. c
"ind if the United States problem cannot
be considered because it is a domestic matter
than neither should South Africa nor Angolia".
An article in the "New York World
Telegram and Sun" local New York newspaper,dated July 10, 19gb, captioned "Malcolm X Flye
te Airiean Barley", This article stated that
"Malcolm X, the former black Muslim official =
who has formed his own Negro nationalist organization 3was on his way to Egypt today as a self-appointed a
spokesman for America's 22 million Negroes.
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"' MALCOLM, who recently announced the
formation or the organization oi Arrioah American
Unity and appointed himself Chairman, said at
Kennedy Airport last night that he will attend a
conference on the organization or African nations
in Cairo as an unofficial observer .
At Cairo, ggxpt
The "Nee York Times", dated July l4,
1963, captioned Malcolm X in Cairo Says He'll
See African Leaders". This article datelined
Cairo, July 13, states "Malcolm X the black
nationalist leader said today that he had some
to attend a meeting or the council of ministers
of the Organization of African Unity as an
observer. He arrived yesterday.
"He said he intended to aoquaint Airican
heads of state with the true plight of America's'
Negroes and thus show them how our situation is
as much a violation or the United Nations humah -
rights charter as the situation in Africa and
Mongolia" .
9292_
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It is to be noted that the
196% Neu'York Telephone Directory I
reflects that telephone number
MU H-5250 is listed to the
Zanzibar Mission to the United
ations at 330 East 33rd Street, f
New York City.
The "New York Journal American",dated'
5, 1954, contained an article captioned
lm X and the Red Chinese" written by VICTQR__
This article datelined Cairo statedthat:
"Malcolm X, whom the Chinese Communists
call the chairman of the Afro-American unity
organization, spent a considerable amount of his
time in the presence of international Communist
propagandists here.
"Not only did he endorse the rioting
back home, but he publicly called for retaifaties
against the Uhite community. He said the time
had come to meet violence with violence; an eye
for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. -
"He prepared a series of inflammatory
anti-U.S. documents here on the pretext of
presenting them to the recent meeting of the
Organization of African Unity, and it was reported
across the world that he attended the conference.
This is nonsense. He did not get near the parley.
II unn not nnorndifad to 11:clw reuse: no-wv q-w"-Q-4-J_ ww --=
"Malcolm X was not at any of the conference
sessions. I was informed that itis ridiculous
and 'undigniried' to think for a moment that anyone
such as Malcolm X would be heard by the Rfrioan
counterpart of the Organization of American States.
-106-
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"Malcolm X's activity here was strictly
a propaganda operation which he set up at the Hotel
Semiramis, where some newsman gathered. He ads
certain that his violent anti-U.3. diatribes were put
in the hands of the Chinese Communist correspondents
planted here by the ew Shine News Agency.
"Ht when Malcolm X wanted to be with
his pro-Communist friends he came over to the
Hotel Omar Khayam, a former palace. I vouch for
this per lly A'*wS rl Grah .was there when he met Mrs , ;
hi _ _ gis, widow of the late Dr "*"-
E. 1s;"1n" he lobby. When the aged Dr. Dulois
was a member of the Communist ed recently, he
Party, U.S.A. and had switched his citizenship to
Ghana./
"Hotel Omar Khayam was also the head- .quarters of the violently anti-U.S., pro-Comunist ';;il'
Ghanaian delegation to the African Statesconference. On Thursday, July l6 Malcolm X and / fl
his frequent companion, Mrs. DuBois, met for hours
in the garden restaurant of the hotel.
"Mrs. DuBois and her late husband spent
much time in Peking. They were frequent guests
of Mao-Tse-tung. Dr. DuBois delivered many anti-U.S.
speeches which were broadcast across the world by
the powerful Chinese mainland radio.
"Mrs. DuBois has long been active in world
Gommunist circles. Her background is important
here to show the strange inter-weaving of characters
now attempting to infiltrate and agitate the
Negro communities of the U.S.
--
_92 f92'1_ __-u-Q ,3
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"Mrs, mois icneu the Castro brothers,
Fidel and Raoul, in Mexico as tar back as the late
'H0s. She now is associated with the pro-Communist
'Freedomways', a publication allegedly devoted to
the Negroes.
"In the past few years she has been a
prolific writer in defense of the pro-Communist
dictatorial state of Ghana.
"Intelligence agents or several countries
now are eager to learn Just how Black Nationalist
leader Malcolm X made contact with such Comunist
activists as Mrs. DuBois. Of considerable interest
is the source or Malcolm X's funds now that the
Muslims under Elijah Muhammad have declared war
on him.
"Malcolm I has been making expensive and
extensive trips across Africa. I ran into his trail
in several cities - especially in Ibadan, Nigeria, where
he delivered. speeches so anti-U.S. so incedias-y, that
they could be printed only on asbestos.
"It is also being noticed that the Chinese
Comunist broadcasts have been featuring him and
his splinter sect.
ll ll .
96 MALCOLM X was in Cairo, Egypt on August 17,
1 .
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92
At Kuwait
'Chier Security BrancLegal Div s on, asspor ce, Department of
State, Washi ton C on September 30, 19611»,
advised SA that MALCOLM LITTLE
e called the bassy at Kuwait on
September 29, 1964, in order to obtain a health
certificate which he states was lost in Saudi
Arabia. This certificate was issued to MALCOLM X
and he departed from Kuwait on September 29, ,
1961+, for a one day trip to Khartoum. He was
then to proceed to Ethiopia for several days.
-109-rt /
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that ved at " Dar es Salaam
the weekend of October l0 and ll, 1 , and gave 1an exclusive interview to Arab! na onaliets. §!uJ
His main points under headlines"Malcolm X Raps USA was that the American State
Department is treating Negro leaders with the
object of holding Negroes down. He said it is
important to 1* sort out genuine leaders from
others. MALCOLM said Africanshould take a more
definite line and not allow itself to be bullied. ;America needs Africa. more than Africa needs 12 U7
92America stated MLOOLM X. He said he does not ;
intend to I":!t'92!.';'H to the United States until after 1
the election her.-a-.n..e he does:-not wish to become 92
involved as his presence in America at election g
time might cause demonstrations beneficial to 1
Senator! C-0LDW."I.*E.R. On the other hand, he ,
stated any comments he might make will not help H
President! J01-INSON. mmom said the choice is ,
only between the lesser of two evils. He said H
he came to UR&Z"following a visit to South ltrioa, 9
Kuwait and Ethiopia. He said he was en a world Y
tour to explain the "inside story" of Negro
problems in the United States. He said he hopes
to meet with URTZ officials and will visit
Kenya d Ethiopia before departing for West nAfrica? 92 ixu
It was learned that MALCOLM X visitedZanzibar prior to his visit to-_Dar-ea-Salaa.m. %lu; l
- 92
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2"-Tomr 105-B999Qua October 13, 1961;, Iloo made available in-
s"'r%°% ;% 1;-:;a .:a"@"a*P:=' "S.t:,":;"°" 8 6 0 O GI O01! OB In p 8 onm1.com's visit is mentioned above. This article
states that according to MALCOLM X "AmericanNegroes are beginning to see theirtrelagionshipto Africa is something which canno be en ed.
They realized now that we are all the same.
The right type or Negro can make a great
contribution to Africa but the type that is
being sent here now by the American Government is
not designed to make contributions to things
¬§§%°3§f.~;1 52;; 2?3°Z,ii*?2"£°$ °§§$. %¬§§ r c e epu s .
my contention that they make African aid American
Negroes. I think American leaders are more
afraid of Africanism then of Communism. A
Communist can go to Americauand live where he
- 1likes, but an Ailrlcan can t @109 Pp/U Inll. /51-//8/81,
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The "New York Journal American", dated
July 25, 196R, contained an article written by
VICTOR REISEL, captioned "Malcolm I Gives Africa
Twisted Look . This article datelined Ibadan,
Nigeria, states:
"I'm a long way from Harlem but not very
far from Malcolm X and his Moslem Mosque, Inc.
The effect of what he told university students in this
city still reverberates in this land of #0 million
people - good people, friendly people - eager to
reach across the sea to us. Bt many or the
young men and women in this town now, shudder when
they think or us - for Malcolm X was here,
brutalizing us, charging us with being a vastnational torture chamber . T_
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mr 105-8999
"He so aroused students at the Ibadan
University during a lecture here that they threw a
university start member ctr the platform when the
latter attempted to éfend the U.3.
"The least of what Malcolm shouted here was
an ultimatum to the whites in America that they
soon must face violence from his forces back home.
"He literally screamed that the whites
had made the American Negroes 'drunkards and trained
them! to be hardened criminals, as the result of
which American Negroes think of themselves as no
more than above wild animals.
"Knowing full well the hatred of the
African for the APrmn government of the Union
of South Africa, Malcolm X then screamed:
Wacial discrimination in the U.S. is
worse than apartheid in South Africa.
"Then he endangered the lives of many
American youngsters of all races, who are now teaching
Africans in the veld, in the bush and in the
Kraals and villages how to string electric lights,
build schools, put in windows, and read their
native language. Malcolm X did this by charging:
"'The U.S. Peace Corps members are all
espionage agents and have a special assgnment
to perform. They are spies of the American
government, missionaries or colonialism and neo-
colonialism.
"From here he went to Winneba, Ghana,
where he addressed thestudents at the Kwame _
Hkrumah Ideological Institute, which is pro-
Communist and where they hate us, anyway. There he
said to hundreds of studsats that the only
language the whites understand is force and nothing
else. He was cheered.
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In other cities he got tougher. A cause
is a cause, but trying to start an international
racial ear gets to be mighty dangerous."
____ _The fea York Times", dated August 13,
1904, contained an article captioned "Helcolm X
Seeks UN Negro Debate - He Asks African States
to Cite United States Over Rights . This article
datelined Washington, August 12, states:
"The State Department and the Justice
Department have begun to take an interest in
Malcolm X's campaign to convince African states to
raise the question of persecution of American
egroes at the nited ctions.
"The Black Nationalist leader started his
campaign July l7 in Cairo, where the 33 heads of
independent African states held their second
meeting since the Onganization of African Unity was
founded in Addis Ababa 14 months ago.
_ _ "Before leaving for Cairo, Malcolm told
friends in ea York that it was his intention
to add a new dimension to the civil rights struggle
in the United States. This, he said, could be
achieved by 'internationalizing' the Negro .
question at the United Nations in the manner that
South African apartheid was transferred into an
international problem.
"Malcolmfs eight-page memorandum to the
heads of state at the Cairo conference requesting
their support became available here, only recently.
After studying it, officials said that if Malcolm
succeeded in convincing, Just one African Govern-ment to bringaup the charge at the United Nations
the United S tes Government would be faced with a
touchy problem. '
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Stéifr
"The United States officials here believe,
would find itself in the same category as
South Africa, Hungary and other countries whose
domestic politics have become debating issues
at the United Nations. The issue, officials say,
would be of service to entice of the United States,
Communist and non-Communist, and contribute to the
undermining of the position
asserted, for itself as the
advocacy of human rights.A-1- YT:-ILA QLQQ '92nalbill: UH-i UGH HUG UFO Js-D
leader of West in the
"In a letter from Cairo to a friend Malcolm
wrote:
"'1 have gotten several promises of
support in bringing our plight before the U. U.1_92_-I__ i-.___ I
U015 year-'
"According to one diplomatic report,
Malcolm had not met with success, but the report
was not documented and officials here today
conceded the possibility that Malcolm might have
succeeded.
"Pass es in Malcolm's memorandum indicated1.0 _n. 92__ m__n _ -_ _A___-_.n __.._.|...l.....- A. 92_.l-. ll.-LUGG that Ill: nan leoolintereu P851508-HOB to nu: .
"'Some African leaders
he said in his memorandum, have
have enough problems here on the
without adding the Afro-American
"'Hith all due respectat this conference,
implied that they
mother continent
problem.
to your esteemed
positions, I must remind all of yo that the good
shepherd will leave 99 iheepiat home to go to the
aid of the one who is lost and has fallen into ,
the hands of the imperialist wolf.
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"We, in America, are your long lost brothers
and sisters, and I em here to remind you that our
problems are your problems. The memorandum
continued:
"'The American Government is either unable
or unwilling to protect the lives and property of
your 22 million African-American brothers and sisters.
we stand defenseless, at the mercy of American
racists who murder us at will for no reason other
than we are black and of African descent.
"'Our problems are your problems. He have
lived for over 300 years in that American den of
racist wolves in constant fear of losing life and
limb. -
"Malcolm also warned the heads of the
African states that their countries would have noguture unless the American Negro problem was solved.
e said:
'Your problems will never be fully solved
until and unless ours are solved. You will never
be fully respected until and unless we are also
respected. You will never be recognized as free
human beings until and unless we are also recognized
and treated as human beings.
"Asserting that the Negro problem is not
one of civil right but of human rights, Malcolm
said:
"'If United States Supreme Court
Justice Arthur Goldberg a few weeks ago, could
find legal grounds to threaten to bring Russia -
before the United Nations and charge her with violating .-
the human rights of less than three million Russian 3'
Jews - what makes our African brothers hesitate
to bring the United States Government before the '
United Nations and charge her with violating thehuman rights of-22 million African-Americans? psi
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'We pray that our African brothers
have not freed themselves of European colonialism
only to be overcome and held in cheek by american n
dollarism. Don't let American racism be "legalized"
by American do1larism.'
"Malcolm argued that if South African rac
is not a domestic issue, than American racism also
is not s domestic issue.
. "The Black Natidmalist, who quit the Chicago-
bssed Black Muslim movement led by EliJah Muhammad
to form his non-sectarian Organizatiom of Arri-
Americen Unity, said it was the intention of his
group in coalition with other Negro groups to
elevate our freedom struggle above the domestic
level of civil rights.="
UMTEMIE
three day visit to , addressed the
open student assembly or the university college
at the invitation of the University College
Student Un10n.'1'hsre ns's.n estimated audience if *3?!! to -
600 persons consisting primarily of Ethiopianstudents and others so isting of faeultg membersand outside v1sitors.@wpu,4;h|_ 1,-7_/1;/37
After e flattering and enthusiastic
introduction by a student leader "known throughout
Africa as a man standing for principle, truth and
Justice"! Malcolm X presented a rather surprisingly
low-keyed lecture which stressed two major purposes
or his safari in Africa: 1! to remain awayfrom the
US until after the election in order to avoidmaking the decision as to whether he and presumablyAmerican iiegroes in general} would es devoured by Z-" E. /96";/g/8
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NY 105-B999
"a fox or a wolf"; and 2! to attempt to persuade
the independent African nations to haul the US before
the UN on charges of being "unable or unwi ling" to
give the American Negro his civil rights. '
_ Despite these stated goals the approach
throughout the speech was to attack "criminal"
and "racist" elements in the US while maintaining
that there are a few well-meaning whites in the U8.
Repeated parallels were drawn between colonialism
in Africa and in the US. Thus, another goal of
Malcolm's visit was to permit direct contact
between the black people of the U8 and of Africa
which would off-set the efforts of ' some in the
American power structure and the "racist element
in Washington" to keep the two apart. Malcolm
wants "mutual understanding" and "working
unity"-between the two. In developing this theme,
all recent American moves in the field of civil
rights were characterized as insincere tokenism
growing out of fear of emerging Africa. At the
same time, all American aid to Africa was similarly
characterized as tokenism and neo-imperialism.
The old colonialiste "passed the ball to the racist
element in the US", and the neo-imperialists of
Washington were in Africa with a "soft" approach
and an aid program designed not to help Africa, but
to save imperialism.
"The proof of American insincerity is that
in R00 years they haven't helped the American Negro.
How in the world can they come all_the way over
here and be so kind'Q gtaiL1QLQui1
American Nesrces who come to Africa are
"well-chosen not to embarrass the US,:-enarked wuoom I
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Halcolm.Xs speech employed clever, distortions
f truth to lead to distorted conclusions ~ e.g.,o
when World War II started, the US was not taking
f fear they would Negroes into the Army or Navy or
learn to use weapons against whites. The tOh8oOf
the speech reflected Malcolm's assertion at the
beginning that he had Just concluded two months of
"quiet rearrangement of his "thinking " in Cairo.
He was not nearly so emotional as he sometimes has
been in the past, nor did he lay himself
open to traps as often as he is sometimes prone
to do.
The audience response was good with several
interruptions for applause, particularly during his
attacks on the United States effort in Africa.
Following Malcolm's speech the student
moderator felt compelled to note that of course
African studiats.don't believe that United States
aid comes "out of human kindness . The four questions
from the audience were rather bland, but did permitMal lm to develop the theme that while Goldwater co
ther o en racist Johnson "the fox ! was was s ra p ,
more subtle, but that the latter's record during
l that of a racist. thirty years in Congress was a so
In discussing the coming election, he stated that
the American people don't govern, that Southern-
dominated congressional committeescontrol under
the senority system and it is they "who send military
equipment to Tshombe."
In answering the final question, he emphasized
the relative unity between himself and such leaders
as Martin Luther King, saying that their differences
were primarily differences of method rather thangoals. "The main differenceuis that he doesn'tmind being beat up and I do. a!IJb;
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NY 105-B999
Hone or the local papers or radio stations
carried any account or the speech and Malcolm's
other activities in Addie Ababa appear to have Been of
a rather quiet nature. It is understood, however,
that he did some quiet visiting in the American,
Ethiopian and foreign comunities, soft-selling
his particular line. One British technician
reported a "pleasant" conversation in a hotel bar;
a high ow official, John Memboleo Onaando, Assistant
Secretary General! also reported talking withcasually, but did not seem overly impressed. A} id.
His future itinerary will carry him to A1855
Nairobi, Dar-es-Salaam, Uganda, Tanganyika,i |Guinea, Mali, Senegal, and back to HLr1em.%9292p'A4'92Lx-'2'
. __ /JIIIF7
The "New Crusader", a weekly newggaper
in Chicago, Illinois, dated October 17, 19 ,
contained an article captioned "Malcolm X Tells
Africans No Hope in the United States for Race'".
This article dateldned Addie Ababa, Ethiopia,
states "the black Muslim leader Malcolm X stated
here last Monday that America is morally incapable
; of solving the Negro problem or ever seeing the
problem in the proper light.
"The 38 year old head of the Muslim
Mosque, Inc., made the statement to the press
on his departure from Addie Ababa, for Nairobi
after a five day stay.
Malcolm X said he hopes to take the
problem to the United .1qat'1.0mY11ih the help of
independent African states.
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Pessimistic about the chances of a peaceful
solution, Malcolm I asserted there was ino hopesham
for the older generation. The only possibility he
added is in the hands or the new generation of
Ado titan whites.
"He denied that his organization advocated
violence, insisting instead that most or the
whites in America are the racists but he said
every black man in America should have a rifle
or a shotgun in his house to defend himself against
attack as Zia guaranteed in the Constitution .
Ababa about his
experience in Nairobi. In substance, he stated
that "you know everywhere in the world radios! on I!-!-!h
icpian Hotel ,Addis
and TV programs out off have a station break! at1F92=f92I92 -4&1 J-.92__-. -___-Q4. _J_ LL _m _l_4.1;J4a- la.-J.U-UU, I811. FIR: PBUP-L: BU DOE IV B1.-BU]-OD I-I1
Nairobi were so interested in what .1. was s&Y1$that theyulet the program go on un i1 tour minutesafter ten . u] 4as;_ /'41//J91,
HALOOLIJ Kfsaid that among other things
he told the audience in Nairobi that three civilO
rights workers had been killed in Mississippi and
nothing had been done about it. He added, Fortunately,
the my program that was on just before i appeared,
had something about dogs in it. So, during m
talk, I had.the opportunity to remind the viewers
of the dogs they had Just seen and told them that
ii i those were the kinds or dogs that the po ce n Uthe United States were training to attack the Negroeslo. /:-//#7
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indicated that he had expressed his displeasureI
1 r
NY 105-3999
According to MAISON! X, there are a lot 1
or American Negroes in Kenya. He said, "They ought
to organize themselves into a pressure group so
they can get some respect from the U.S.
Government." He also said that the only unorganized h
group in Africa was the group of American Negroes
who are living or working on this continent. He
pointed out that the refugees from South Africa, »
Angola, and Mozambique were organized and they 92
commanded respect.
when MALOOLM.X made a speech at University,
College of Addie Ababs a few weeks ago during a
prior visit to Ethiopia, he said that those 92
American Negroes working in American Embassies have Mbeen chosen because they would not be likely to 92@
embarrass the United States Government. Unknown to A
him, there was an embassy officer in the audience =during that speech. f f //4 "" "1
On the occasion at the Ethiopia Hotel
bar, MALCOLM X had apparently changed his tactics. 92 -
He said, "Some Negroes have been.able to get 92
responsible Jobs in the U.S. Government. Bt you -
must remember that it's because or 'irresponsible' ;
people 1ikeme, that the 'responsible' ones getsome of those Jobs." He was taking credit for _7>f<K;.being a "necessary irritant" to bring about 1: /h Ldesirable results. -~;¢j§/;~-
- I talked with Attwood in Nairobi,1 said
MAICOLHIX. He was referring to Ambassador WILLIAM ;
ATNOOD Although he did not qu'5t'E'V£"bat1TE'*_"_
to the Ambassador about an alleged effort on the ,
part of the American Embassy there to prevent i
Americans from meeting with him MALCOLM I!. Be
added, "I know they sent word here that I was 1
coming and they are trying to keep me from making 1
any public speeches." _
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do, there wouldn't be any need for me to say
anything." He also remarked that when he was in
Cairo sometime earlier, he had talked with fifteen
African Ambassadors within two days. He added,
"They were all pro us.'"
MALCOLM X said he was leaving for Lagos
the following morning. Although he did not
specifically mention it, there was some indication
that he might also stop in Ghana. At no time did
ti. *" MALCOLM X cement on anything positive
about the racial problem or progress in the United
States. MALCOLM occasionally used "Afro-American"
when referring to Negro Americans. He acted in
a cordial and polite manner, but was completely
negative in his arguments about the racial
situation in the United States.H8 B
_ ., Q a . _ _ lv 92- n Q
o 10- over thg 13 6h
weekend October 1O and ll, and told local
embassy employees on October ll, 1964, that he
was going to Zanzibar. MALOOLM did not indicate
his reason for making this trip.
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, from Dar-es-Salaam. MALCOLM X attended
Kenyatta Day Celebration an appeared prominently
at social functions although he was not a guestof "GOK" Government or Kenya!. '
MALBOLM appeared on VOK-TV, October 21,
1964, in a special interview during which he stated
that "American voters had little choice between
President JOHNSON and Senator! oowwarsn, as the
former was a Southern segregationist and the
latter was an anti-integration right winger, "one
was a wolf, the other a fox"!. He called the
Civil Rights Act of 1964 nothing but a calculated
propaganda move by the United States to impress
the people of Africa and Asia. MALCOLM stated
that nothing had changed for the Negro since
passage or the law, that in tact Negroes were being
persecuted more vigorously than before. He also
pointed out that~Ifrican independence movements
had given great impetus to the American Negroes
struggle for freedom.
He said he and his followers intended
to take up the plight or the American Negro with
the United Nations, posing questions of human
rights not civil rights as discrimination in
the United States had become a world problem
because it was obvious that Amrica was incapable
of coping with ite Luring his stay in Nairobi,
MALCOLM stated he came to Kenya at the invitation
of "certain government members" and according to
MALBOLI-I I he had previously visited Nairobi on
his way to Dar-es-Salaam and had been here "toor five days secretly in order to contact *f
government leaders without publicity. According
to MALCOLM X, he had presented a plan to African.leaders to condemn the United States in the 92
Naitcd Nations for racism. African leaders hs
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NY 105~B999
stated were sympathetic and he had convinced those
who had been misinrormed . MALOOIM refused to
disclose what "GOK" leaders he had talked to
and was vague on any plans for a press interview.
MALOOIM said he planned to depart tor
Addie Ababa, October 21+, 19614, for a four day
visit and then go to Lagos, Accra, Conakry,
Bamako and possibly Dakar and "definitely' Algiers
? %*?w8R
that MALOOIM X flew from
Dar-es-Salaam to Kenya with African leaders
KENYA'l'lA and OBOTE on October 18, 1964, ' °
MALCOLM is quoted a saying that Americans will
never voluntarily give American Negroes freedom
until torced to and that as ministers they Negroes!
do not have the-forces. According to MALCOLM,
Africa has the key to the Negro problem solution
and will determine the degrees or freedom because
the African leaders hold the strategic power
balance in world affairs. He said that part oi
his mission to Africa was to make African! leaders
aware of their position or power. He stated that
American aid was not a favor to Africa because
Africa contributed human flesh to the American
economy. MALCOLM further stated that he was
surprised at the mippept mien African leaders have
for the American Negro cause. According to
MALCOLM they had all showed him unlimited concern
and sympathy.
961+ MALCOLM X left Addis Ababa on October l9,
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exernpti0n s! __,_ with no segregable
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agencytiesl. These documents were referred to that
agency ies! for review and direct response to you.
Pages contain information furnished by another Government agencytiesl. You will be advised by the FBI as
to the releasability of this information following our consultation with the other agency ies!.
Pagetsl withheld for the following reasontslz
For your information: ____;_,___ _ _
The following number is to be erence regarding these pages:
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time on October He previously visited
Lagos in May, 1
on his arrival on October 29, 196R, he
held a press conference. MALCOLM X was quoted
as saying that he was "touring Africa to better
aeoeeint himseli eith the problems racing the
continent so he could tell his people at hom
about these problems, factually and in detail!
MALDOLM.X said that one of the greatest problems
facing Africa was internal sqpabbling and
continued,"in East Africa it is the Africans
against the Asians, and in West Africa, it is
the Moslem against Christians and all these are
feed by outside force".
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November 13, He was G gues an carried
. He visited the hospital ship a visitor's viii e _
SS Hope" twice accompanied by a GOO interpreter
an took pictures. He was enthusiastic about
"Project Hope", saying it was the best United
states progeot he had seen in Africa and
expecially commended integration aboard ship .
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eturn to Uni1! ted States from African on 11-21:--611:
, advis! on I
ssengsr manifest list ofwe flight 801, Paris, g:-ance, contained cm
name "SHABAZZ". This flight was scheduled to
Wave at Ji Irlter-national Aiort, 62% p.a.,
November 21¢, 19614 .
Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of
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JFK International Airport V18 NA flight 301 1':-om
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arrive in London, England, December
further stated that Wiim
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At an open pubL1.c rally aponsored by the MMI, held _on June T, 1964, MALCOLM X, as the main speaker, told or hisrecent tour of Africa and claimed that African countrieshad promised to take the American racial problem to the
UH for a solution.
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stated on ugus , , at he recently heard fromMALCOLM X, who stated he received an offer or 20 scholarships
which would be made available at A1 Amu in Abike, Egypt for the members or the l1*II. "'"= 1 board an _ ion, that all expenses, including trave , ,would be paid for by an unknown individual in Cairo, Egypt.
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of-ii-elf he ' /-Z J-ac _
if it an MMI meeting, September 9, 1961}, in
be 128 Hot New York City, _ _ 9111 __ . _ Assistanttated MALCOLM X had writtewhi e n ca. e er was addressed to an unknownAfrican delegate to the Organization or African UnityConference in Addie Ababa, Ethiopia. In the letter, MALCOLM Xstated that if the conference needed recruits to Join the
h could obtain 10,000 rebel military forces in the Congo, e
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An article in the_ "Newjork Post," a__New York daily
newspaper, dated September B, 1964, captioned "MAICOLM Sees
Evil choice at Polls," stated that "Former black muslim
leader MALCOLM X used the upcoming Presidential election asa choice between two evils for Negro votes." 9 92._ L1__;_?
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an excerpt of which appears in the Saturday Evening Post"
"""-" magazine, MALCOLM described President JOHNSON as the "wolf"
' and, while he refrains from endorsing either man, MALCOLM
seems to think that GOIDWATER is th lesser o J we evils.
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_ eea that 9 September 1, 1961: he visi-. it the office o ER Pasga/ZZLEY, a and "
K newspaper correspondent at West Dominick
9 "New i'<>i~1¢, on an official matter. According to
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- In his autobiography, written by ALmmm>1fmLsY!92
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A. Re MALCOLM x
31 letter dated September 2, 1964, J; HALTER _
YEAGLEY, Assistant Attorney General, Internal Security '1
Division, Department of Justice advised that HA1-601.8 K. 5
LITTLE aim MALGOIAI X in the course or his recent tour of _
the Middle East and African countries,has reportedly been -
in communication and contact with heads of foreign governments ii
urging that they take the issue of"rach1ism"in America before e.the United Nations as a threat to world peace.!
Mr. YEAGLEY indicated that since such activities
could conceivably fall within the provisions oi the Logan
Act, and are moreover deemed to be inimical to the bet interest
oi our country and pI'ej92xiic1a1tO our foreign policy, the Depart- ;
1-nent of Justice requested the Secretary of State to make
appropriate inquiries oi our embassies in the Middle Bast
and Africa ihr any pertinent information ooncerrlng MALOOLM
X's alleged contacts and communications with heads of foreign g
governments. ,
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Hr. YEAGLEY expressed concern over the fact that .1
MALCOLM X's activities abroad indicates a possible violation ;
of the Logan Act.
B. ReMMI .
t By letter dated September 28, 1964, Mr. mom?
advised that if evidenceis available which will establish -
the MMI has -been or is receiving funds from any Arab or .
African government, or is acting at the order, request or ._ ~
under the direction of the foreign government, it may be é 'obligated to zegister under the Foreign Agents RegistrationAc . t ~
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1. APPENDIX
?iU$L2'L!9$QU§c ,1N°°I11393&'-?3D E421.
The March 13, 1961+, edition or "The New York Times,
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an article on page 20 which indicated that mucosa x LITTLE!,
former national official of the Nation of Islam NOI! who
broke with the NCI on March 8, 196 , publicly announced in
New York City on March 12 196k, that he had formed the MuslimMosque, Incorporated MMIS. The MMI, according to the article
would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions.
In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend
themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested
that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and
property in time of emergencies in areas where the govern-
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them.
Incorporation papers of the MMI filed on March 16,
l96h, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reflect that the MI was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the
State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted
Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York.
The May 23, 196M, edition of the "New York
Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in
New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES
BOOKEH in which he indicated that he had heard that the
visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders during his African
tour has changed him to become soft in his antiwhite
feelings and to become more religious.
On October 6, 196b, a confidential source advised-
that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox
Islamic Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic 3
Foundation of New York!, 1 Riverside Drive, New York City.~
The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic Religion.
A second confidential source advised on October 20,
196%, that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite
128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York,
where they were established on March 16, 196M. These head~
quarters are shared with the Organization of Afro-AmericanUnity cam! which is also headed by MALCOLM x. U»uo-
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_r-11. APPENDIX ._._.'.~_
NATION or ISLAM, formerly 0 ireferred to as the Muslim ' -7 " ~
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhammad's Temples of Islam_
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMAD
has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the
"Nation of Islam," NOI! and "Muhammad's Temples of Islam."
On May 8, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH
EUHAHMAD is the national leader of the HGI; hammads Temple
of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois,
hank;Aggtignathheagglarggisiol thehuox; §nd in mtd;ggiAD'S -. an o er o c a s, w en re err ng o
organisation on a nationwide basis, commenced using either"Mozgne" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's
Temples or Islam. §
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in etroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD
claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Bsins.
to lead the so-called Negro race out or slavery in the wilder-
ness of North America by establishing an independent blacknation in the United States. Members following MUHAMMAD'S
teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran believe there
is no such thing as a N ro; that the so-called Negroes areslaves of the white racg? referred to as "white devils," in
the United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon;"
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,
in 111:-Hno MHT-IAMMAD h up r92afunnd tn was-inter '|:|nd_e1 151143 -"c-___ g - nn n-, "e.- --._--_ -- --,_---- _ ,
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have.dec1ared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
On May 5. 1958, the first sourcesdvised mmnmmo
had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his pers0n&l;f
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the
principles of his organization in order to avoid possible,
prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did
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105-F ¢<-'-K
APPEND2;
NATICN OF ISLAM, formerly '
referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhanmad[s Temples of Islam
On May 7, 196b, a third source advised Muhammadhad, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religiousIX Wir
aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic' benefits to be derived by those Negroes who Joined the NOIThis policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help himacquire additional followers and create more interest in
his programs. .
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,narrow or ISLAM, uosons #7, .
new vonx CITY is
On May 5, 196e, a source advised that the Nation
or Islam N01! affiliate in New York City is known as
Mosque #7, also known as Temple #7, and is located at
102 West 115th Street, New York City. Mosque #7 is
part of the NOI headed by ELIJAH MUHAMAD, with head-
quarters in Chica o, Illinois. Mosque #7 has twobranches; Mosque 37B at 105-O3 Northern Boulevard,
Queens, New York City, and Mosque #70 at 120 Madison
Street, Brooklyn, New York. These branches are part
of Mosque #7.
The date Mosque #7 originated in New York City
is not known.
However, in connection with the origin of
Mosque #7, it should be noted that in 1953 a second source
advised that there was a Temple of the NOI known to sourcethen as the Muslim Cult of Islam! in New York Citg located
at 135th Street and 7th Avenue, as far back as 19 T.
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oaemzzimigs or garnoargaicgan _unrrv joist;
0 June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MI!, publicly
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Qrganiaation of Afro-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
H ntnrn 1-'l'am1nnhs921~n- an we'll as "nu'r~" brothers and sisters e--_-" "_m__,"--_, _______ __ __- ___-"-__ ___ e__e__
on the African continent. It is patterned after the letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African Unity established
by African heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in
MBY, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOUM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to
"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 196A, a confidential source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MM! heed~
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenue, New York
City .
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1. APPENDIX rs I H
eaoeaas-em LABQR Piarz,PROGRESSIVE IJLBOR nova:-ram", 1
5PB9QRE$§IYF,Ld§9E" .1 _l, -
A source advised on July 2, 1962, that Progressive
Labor groups held a conference in New York City on July 1,
1962, where MILEON ROSEN acted as chairman. He read a
srrtement at this conference setting forth their intention
to form a new MarxistLeninist party in the United States.
Rssn stated that a more formal organization was necessary,
one which would provide a frame-work for all who wanted to
Join in a united effort to build an American vanguard. The
forces of this new organisation are to consolidate all
existing forces around Progressive Labor and organize
additional forces; expand and improve political activities;
win additional forces to an outlook of Marxism-Leninism and
increase the open advocacy of socialism; develop a significant
Marxist-Leninitt program for the new party; and organize a
collective organization of leaders and members.
"The Worker," an East Coast Communist
newspaper, issue of January 7, 1962,
Page Ten, Column Three, reported the
expulsion of MILTON ROSEN, former Labor
Secretary of the New York State Communist
Party, from the Communist Party, United
States of America 1 I
Q
A second and third source advised in February, 1963,
that this new Marxist-Leninist party had not yet been organized
on a formal basis, but that Progressive Labor groups had been
formed in several localities in line with the proposals of
MILTON ROSEN. The sources advised as of February, 1963,
that the leaders of this group were referring to it as
the Progressive Labor Movement.
A fourth source advised on March 15, 196R,-that _,
the Progressive Labor Movement follows, supports, and is 5
politically orientated toward the Communist Party line of §
Red China rather than that of the Soviet Union. 3 6"-
A fifth source advised on March 28, 1964, that at
a Progressive Labor Movement meeting held in New York City
on that date, it was announced that the Progressive Labor.
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gg APPENDIX V
PROGRESSIVE LABOR PARTY
PROGRESSIVE LABOR MOVEMENT,
jP13_osREss;yjs_;AB0R" __ ,_
Movement would try to hold a national convention in New
York City in September, 1964, to organize the Progressive
Labor Movement on a more formal basis into a Progressive
Labor Party.
The fifth source also advised that the Progressive
Labor Movement publishes a monthly magazine called,"Progressive Labor" and also a quarterly theoretical publication called the "Marxist-Leninist Quarterly."The source also advised that starting June 1, 196 , the
Progressive Labor Movement would start publishing a
weekly newspaper in New York City.
' The March, 196R, issue of "Progressive Labor"sets forth that it is published monthly bg the ProgressiveLabor Company, General Post Office Box 80 , Brooklyn 1,
New York.
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NY-_1 05-8999
3.;
SOCIALIST WORKERS PARI'Y -
NEW YORK LOCAL '
A source stated on August 25, 1960, that theNew York Local NYL! of the Socialist Workers Party SW?!
was founded during 1938 in New York City.
A second confidential source stated on April 8,1964, that the NYL was affiliated with and followed the
aims and purposes of the National SWP.
The SWP has been designated pursuant to
Executive Order lOh50.APPENDIX I
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_;_._ arramarxraurr or ISLAM 5
On May 8, 1965, a source advised that the Fruit
or Islam POI! is a group within the Nation of Islam NOI!
composed or male members of the NOI. The purpose or the
FOI is to protect officials and property of the NOI, assure
compliance of members with ROI teachings and to prepare
for the "War of Armageddon." Members of the FOI are required
to participate in military drill and are afforded the opportunity
to engage in Judo training. The POI is governed by a military i
system wherein the members are controlled by general orders
similar to those issued by regular military organizations.
2
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NY"-".105-8999 "'
3; APPENDIX ' * '* "
I...-
raaanogqwars ASSOCIATES, _INCQR,PORA'IED .
The records of the New York Secretary of State,
Albany, New York, show that the certificate of incorporationof6Freedomways Associates, Incorporated, was filed on March 2,
19 1.
The Spring, 196%, issue of "Freedomways" is self-
described as "A Quarterly Review of the Negro Freedom Move-
ment9 published by Freedomways Associates, Incorporated,
799 Broadway, New York City.
On May 2h, 1961, a source advised that a report
was given on "Freedomways' at a meeting of the National
Board, Communist Party, USA CPUSA!, held on May 2n, 1961.
It was stated that the original plan called for the
publication to be openly Marxist, but that it was later
decided it would not be avowedly a Marxist publication.
Editorials are in the hands of a mixed group of Marxists
and non-Mvrxiets. It was stated that the central purpose
of "Preedomwaye" is to dnvlbp a theory and positive
criticism of currents in the Negro movement, as well as
to raise the level of understanding and discussion taking
place in Negro life today and to project a socialist and
pro-Soviet orientation.
Gn_Msp 25, 1951, another source advised that
"Freedomwa;s' "as set up for the CPUSA by JAMES JACKSON,
a memoer oi the National Comittee of the CPUSA.
2
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nv 105-8999
APPENDIX
I-IBERATOR
" mmunist 1A{sg?:cia1 Oorrrgengn Un American Activities» Annual Report, House Report 2277» J"-me 25» 19 2
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NYf 118 105-3999Bufile 100--399321
'.lit1e Malcolm K. Little
character Internal Security-MuslimInco orated ac Mosque rp nee is nde to the report ofSpecial Agent dated and captioned as above
at New York.
92
This document contains neither recoumendations nor conclusionsof the FBI; It is the property of the FBI and is Lcdzedotoyour organization; it and its contents are not to be d strbutedoutside your agency . s Q
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ACTiDN DESIRED
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l:l Search and return _-[:l See meCl Send Serials Q
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Q 4'92.HF
Re NY resort dated 1-20-65 captioned as abo"
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1! page 102,rn1dc11e of page corrected to No
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Date: 1/'2:-'/'65G91
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i _ AIF.I~TAIL _ _, _,* ' Priority!
DIRECTOR, FBI 00-hn1765! Ff?
mom: *1. =_ fl ,5 -1 iJ 11:? 2 __ aw D . 1 _92 J ,,. 'n _ .SUBJECT: LI"-'IUSLIM IEOSQUE, INC. 1':-_;"';,:; ..__.;;.r;'*' 1 _-, " ; //3 lIS-I451--II ' D13- _BY - 1,1 00; Nan YORK/0,1} , /7;! '- j 1 ;~_1 _s@EQ@a§1i,;,75 £1 -,»r,y .,e.-.e ype .-_ 1, reau and New York, -2 --__ , -
captioned Registrars oi Voters, Dallas County, Ala.., Voting--' '_I|_92-'1-"F_ . 192I1'924.'.L.o..|
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Discrimination, CR - EL, BU£i1e 1411-12831, information was
set out that the Alabama Journal, a. daily newspaper ofI"-iontgozzery, Ala._. carried an article concerning I'1ALCOI.M-X on
1/28/65. The article reported that he was to be in I-Iontgomery,
A1a., 1/31/55, and might go to Selma, A1a., where 11: is1 noted racial demonstrations have been taking place for the +
= past two 1.-Jeelcs and further activity is expected, particularlyI §/1/55- I
On 1/29/65,p1rnished a copy of the 1/22/65
issue oi the Tuslce,-"__ee rams, a weelcly publication of the
Information Bureau, Ciusegee Institute, Ala. Tnis publication
under the heading, "Announcements" reported the appearance
of MALCO1;-I X was scheduled for 2/3/653, at 8:00 p.m. in Logan
3311, sponsored by Institut 1ncil Lecture Series, "SpectrumS on Political Ideologies. 92vi}.1_attend thi_s,_1e,c_,t_p,r_e___and report___on_ sane. - " _ g
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MI". Fc':t..__._._FEI wAsR no 012A ' "-RIWMTQYWWIQ-Em" CUMHUNIGATIONS SECHON. ' I JAN 311985 '
1-E1 . ICAGO TELETYPE
1 92929292 AM CST uR GE NT 1/31/65_ EH §j§;§'"'__'j_;,
' BIZ. k .= '
Mr. Ta-~_
Mr. TI--:=:zer__._..
Tele. Boa-|-n____.
Miss H .ncs__-
Miss Gancly_....._.0 DIRECTOR AND NEW YORK .
NEW YORK VIA WASHINGTON
FROM CHICAGO 92100-3359.'.'>92 1P
@ .MALCOLM K. LITTLE, IS DASH MMI ALL I1~::=nI:.v.ATIo:-I c0::T.AIr _ -
In 1" '31? r,;":_=1~,=-I 'QAIJiJ¢G 151'/96!
RE ccTEL on: TWENTY NINE, SIXTY FIVE
MALCOLM x LEAVING CHICAGO ELEVEN THIRTY AM, csT, om: THIRTY ~ ""'
ONE, INSTANT, FOR NEW YORK vIA TwA.
TATEIJ WHEN LEAVING STUDIO or UEKE DASH Tv, CHANNEL
SEVEN, ONE THIRTY, LATT, AFTER TAPING or QUOTE KUP92S SHOW
ENQUOTE A GROUP or TEN DASH FIFTEEN RoI'oTrIcERs FROM CHICAGO
ACCORDING TO MALCOLM ADVANCED TOWARD PIALCOLM, HOWEVER CHICAGO
PD IMMEDIATELY nIsPERsEn.cRouP. N0 INCIDENT. no POSITIVE
InEATII=IcATIoRs ACCORDING T-PER MALCOLM. RETURNRIRG 01-
MALCOLM To RoTEL WITHOUT INCIDENT. CHICAGO wILL ADVISE EuREAu
AND NEW YORK OF ANY PERTINENT SUB$§QUENT DEVELOPMENTS THIS.5 .REGARD. fLocAL MILITARY ADVISED. 1 0/W3 51613 1:11;?/é" I']YH3I
END A - A - _
EB gm '3-1965 RELAYI F"; /VWA 929292 HFL FOR REL Y - A ED T°__'7___"|_ '_92 I '_ I
PEwFERs_ 196 A
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ISTTTQ UNQUOTE STATED MALCOLM X WOULD APPEAR ON QUOTE KUP92S SHOW UNQUOTE.Ll.!1 . Qswam mm or :rMsTI"ATm_ ARTMENT ll I51 ! '1:c3MTaTf1cAT|1!!S secmu ~ _
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92742 CST URGENT 1~29"65 DHM
>1/1{1RzcroR 921oo-ss~9z>2192 AND mzu YORK 92105-s99992
NE" YORK "IA WASHINGTON ALL IE-IPSRMATIOEJ co1~:'mn:'=nRER£:R'zs "E LAS5IFT"O H
FROM cnzcnco 921oo-sasssx DRTE . By
MALCOLM LITTLE, IS ms»: mm, oox NEW voaxMy T015011--""
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RE LOS ANGELES TEL INSTANT, CAPTIONED QUOTE, ORGANIZATION
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Date: 2/1/65
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF IUSTICE
%§}§§?' FEDERAL sunnnu OPINVESTIGATION
Reply. Plano Rjw noNew York New York N* February,1, 1965 -~
1
Re: Malcolm K. Little - _ _
Interna1.Security -
Muslim Mosque Incorporated
I-
I he characterizations of
e the Muslim Mosque
_.-*§92 qof;--". {92IH' I Incorporated and the
Organization of Afro-
American Uni.-1,. b -» - .
' ,
xv; '-
t at an zation of
meeting held on January 3l,_1 , Malcolm
X stated that he plans to leave for London, -
;Eng1and on February 5, 1965, and remain in London,
England,unti1 February 8, 1965. From London,
England, he plans totravel to Paris, France, and
remain in Paris, France, until February 11, 1965.
This document contains neither
recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is
the property of the FBI and is loaned to your
agency; it and its contents are not to be
distributed outside your agency.
.¢.65~<-.§.<.~.-» '
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stated that
and, he will speak with. r
West Indians about racial discrimination in the
United States.
The'"New York Amsterdam News", a Negro
weekly n¬IBp8pBr, published in New York City, _
dated January 30, 1965, contained an article
which stated that "Malcolm is to spend FBbruary@
6, T and 8 in Europe, speaking in London and.
Paris. The England appearance is to be
sponsored by the Council of African Organizations
In France; the sponsor is the Africans and Afro-
Americans.I
"Brother Reubin, an associate of
Malcolm X,.made the announcement. He described ,
the European sponsors as 'African Students _
Qrganizations'". _
On January 2H,;1965, over radio station
WINS, Jack Anderson, broadcasting for Drew A
Pearson, made
"The
Malcolm X, the
has been secre
to strengthen the
American Negroes.
star attraction a
Conference in Alg
"in the propaganda
- for its racial di
the most stridenttly
for countries that mistreat their own minoraties. -Fe
Amthe following cement: .a ._.
deral Bureau of Investigation;
6
t
i
srican Black Nationalist Leader,
contacting African Governments
ties between African and
He is also expected to be a
the coming Afro-Asian , .-,
ers, where he likely will Join h
attacks on his own Government A3;
crimination,-ironically some of "
anti-American voices will speak - a
_ 2 _ N ~
H > ' 92 11k
mz '1<>5'-8999 -
1. APPENDIX
Mvsr-om I-10-sis. mcvwmv sisal
The March 13, 1954, edition of "The New York Times,
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOLM X LITTLE!,
former national official of the Nation of Islam NOI! who
broke with the NOI on March B 196b, publicly announced inNew York City on March 12 196%, that he had formed the MuslimMosque, Incorporated MMIS. The MMI, according to the article
would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions.
In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend
themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested
that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and
property in time of emergencies in areas where the govern-
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them.
Incorporation papers of the MMI filed on March 16,
196%, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reflect that the MMI was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the
State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted
Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York.
The may 23, 1964, edition of the "New York
Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in
New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES
BOOKER in which he indicated that he had heard that the
visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders during his African
tour has changed him to become soft in his anti-white
feelings and to become more religious.
On October 6, 1964, a confidential source advised
that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox
Islamic Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic
Foundation of New York!, 1 Riverside Drive, New York City.
The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic Religion.
A second confidential source advised on October 20,
1963, that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite
128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York,
where they were established on March l6, 196R. These head-quarters are shared with the Organization or Afro Iii
i Unity {oaau} which is slso headed by MALCOLM-vf 3 1 '5-I
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}__._ ' APPENDIX
ORGANIZATION or AFRO-AMERICAN UNITY goAAq!_
On June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly
announced the formation of a nee, all Hegro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization of Afro-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
Western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African Unity established
b African heads of States! at Addie Ababa, Ethiopia, in Nazi _
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to
"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 196%, a confidential source advi
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MMI head-
quarters, Suite l28, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenue, New York
City. _
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Date: 2/2/65PO
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Transmit the following in ~__ _ _ _W Type in plnintezt or code!
i i P,-:¢m}J z
J ro= nzncron, FBI 00-399321!
Fnomz sac, NEW W 00-B999!
summer: mncom K. L'I'III.-E.» aka
IS - mi
Re NY airtel and I1-[M to Bureau dated
2/i/65. _ .
Enclosed herewith to the Bureau are 8copies of a L1-[M pertaining to subject's plans to
travel to England on 2/4/ 5-
furnfshed ".1.
I , England to
Q18NY will continue to follow subject's
activities and will observe subject's departure
from JFK International Airport on 2/14/55-
JI3-.-§3ureau Encls. 8!'"*" l-Legat London!
, _ l-Legat Paris!
i--New Yorke "-100-153308! emu;--J -100-152759! m-11
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o,,_ Z FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Q _; .-~, .1.-,,-
New York, He! I01!in mp1" Pb M " February 3 , 1965'!92'|eNn.
Be: Malcolm I. Little
Internal Becnrity --J."-4'-i:
92 I-r
or $%1s'r1cE
v Muslin Mosque Incorporated
way first class reserve to London,for a one
Englandaboard rum flight -zoo leaving JFK Internationai.
Airport at 8:00 PM on February 1+ 1965 , and toarrive in London, England at ?:3§ AM the following
day: V - .92/
3- Little is traveling under the name M. Shab
QRL Tw:n:q}TfCH CQ§TAIHEDi"*1, ii.H}LIiE'_:..s'i 1 I xmm;-.z£.ZZ'_ ----»._O _
92
This document contains neither recommendations
nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the
.l~92__ KY1? __: 1- 1____ J-_ i4.____ ________- J... ___§ .I.l__ ____L__ _BBB IDJ. IIICI. 1.5 LU-IIQQ BO YD!-11' lgencyi IF IJJQ 1'55 CUHUQHUS
are not to be distributed outside your
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agency.
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"n°92Ti- Q9,ZZ
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XI-92$' . . orrnauuruul an n 4 .' n * I92A92'|§Im'l"ll:Il - " %uuauc.|u'.0.|n9 C-Q. 5 "'- umnzn sures RNMENT - :-.
1 Memorandum
l ' DIRECTOR, FBI oo- 399321!
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. c JY1/DATE: 2/1.;/65
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T UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
]nR?UJ%n"R¢"w New York, New York i;LT,T?"££¢rnHTmHED
nuns February 4, 1955 Ki -??CUH£LA2?ED '
:::"*"'"":nz SHOYKN
I urns L .
Malcolm K. Little '
Internal Security-Muslim Mosque Incorporated
Another which concts
invesrnment
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lm Little ribed
as hypocri promote equality of status I
for Negroes in the United States, or to give agrieved" g
Negroes access to the courts. According to Little, these 1
actions were designed to give a false sense of progress and were
in any case inoperative. Little stated that the chief r
exponent of this deceptive stnegy was the late President
John F. Kennedy and nothing better was to be expected from p
President Lyndon B. Johnson. Little also stated that the
best thing would be the election of Sen;ator Barry Goldwater 92
as President, since there was a possibility that real progress
from the chaos that would he inevitable if he 1
was elected. Little further stated that he favored the use
of the Negro problem as an election weapon. He said white
"liberals" and Negro moderates such as Martin Luther King I
leader of the Southern Christian Conference!, wh posed this?course were either useless or positively harznful.%3 ;
Imi zrht emero-Q7 in---cw
I
This document contains neither recommendations i
nor conclusions of the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI!. f
It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; 1
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your F
agency '
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Malcolm K. Little
Little did not identify himself with individuals
or groups that advocated violence, or take part in itthemselves, however, he spoke charitably of the violence .
used by younger Negroes in response to intolerable police
brutality." According to Little, these Negroes gnerally
do not understand the issues intellectually, but they reel
the problems so acutely that no r or self-expression other
than violence is possible for
expressed a strong adm' rist
activities in Kenya before that nation became independent.
He contrasted the bold use of violence of Africans in Kenya
with the fedleness of the Africans in South Africa. His
belief in the use of violence arose from his despair overthe failure or lack or "hmm ity" oi the 2,000,000Little
Negroes in the United States.
Concerning his relati s with the Black lslims,
Little limited himself to saying that he no longer belongs
to the group Nation of Islamd and had finally lost his
former admiration for, and belief in, the infallibility of
their leader EliJah Muhammad, National Leader of the Nation
or Islam}. Little appeared to believe that the chiei
value of,the Black Muslim concept was in helping to distinguish
the Negroes from the Christian Community, and further in
disposing of the old traditions of Christian resignation to
suffering in humble status. He regarded Islam as e binding
force among the Africans. e was reluctant to admit that
the Islamic world might be capable of using religious
brotherhood as a political lever, for example, against Israel.
Little stated that friendship with "Liberals" was treachery
to the Negro eause, since it gave ielsely comiorting impressio
that the situation was impoving. Until recently, according
to Little, he held that the only possible attitude for him
and for those like him to take, was to hate all whites without
distietion. Recently, stated Little, he decided that this
attitude would not do, but gave no indication of the kind ofis now prepared to tolerate.@W . '
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Malcolm K. Little
Little rejected the Rastafarian Movement, that
is the removal to Africa of the Negroes now in the United
States. Little also rejected the idea of a partition ofthe United States into white and Negro regions.¢$%?Lk_
Little failed to offer any description of the
kind of society that he would like to see in the United
States should his policies be put into effect. He said
that his purpose in coming to Africa was to explain himself
to African leaders and to seek their support; but he
nevertheless insisted that the Negroes in the United
States have become completely different from the Afric
in Africa and accordingly must be Judged in isolation.
Little indicated that the Communists in South
Africa were the only group who "ere positively helpfulto the South African Negroes é§5L&_
The impression Malcolm Little left might at
best be described as an anarchist who cannot or will not
look beyo d the struggle and duos that he desires andexpects. Q59 K
characterization of the Naon of
Islam is attached hereto and all sources
therein have furnished reliable information
in the past. '
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a_1. APPENDIX
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly .
referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhammad[s Temples of Islam_
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD
has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the'
"Nation of Islam," N01! and Muhamad's Temples of Islam.
On May 8, 196M, a second source advised ELIJAH
MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NOI; Muhammad's Temple
or Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois
is the national headquarters of the NOI; and in mid-1960,
HUHAHHAD and ether N01 bfficisls, when referring ts HUHAHHAD
organization on a nationwide basis, comenced using either
"Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's
Temples of Islam."
The N01 is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMAD
claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being,
to lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilder-
ness bf Nbrth America by establishing an independent blacknation in the United States. Members following MUHAMAD'S
teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran believe there
is no such thing as s Negro; that the so-called Negroes are
slaves or the white race, referred to as "white devils," in
the United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon.
In the past, officials and members cf the NOI,
including MUHAMAD, have refused to register under the
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
On MHY 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD
had, upon advice or legal counsel, tempered his personal A
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the
principles of his organization in order to avoid possible
prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did
not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachings of his
organization.
-Q;
SECRET
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?.iLPPENDIX
NATION OP ISLAM, formerly '
referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhammad's Temples or Islam a
~ On Hay 7, 196B, a third source advised Muhammad
had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religious_ aspects or the teachings or Islam and to stress the economic
benefits to be derived by those Hegroes who Joined the H01
This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help him
acquire additional followers and create more interest in
his programs.
I
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SECRET
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1-1-:|..|=-|>6¬?¬ /FBI nzu YORK I
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TO DI CTOR /U IOO-399321 ATLANTA AND MOBILE SENT E? 5-". §_§TfpE
1245 URGENT 2-3-65 JLV
FROM NEV YORK IO5-8999 1P
41> 0 J2
IHr. Tol!':m_.____
Mr. B":".1~r|t_____
Mr. M'1'-r...__.._.
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Mr. TnvqL_________
Mr. Tr-,tL-1r
Tele. Room..___._
Miss H Z.-=9 ,.._.
Miss Ga:-|dr.___
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f92MALCOLM x.InrL£, AKA, 1s - mu. "' 92
C . RE an Yomc AIRTEL, JAN. rvrzmvmaur, snmr E10 %
suea, As -rm. MALCOLM x , DEPARTED JFK AIRPOR'l',"=NYC, BOAR DELTA
LU
FLIGHT NINE ssvsn THREE AT EIGHT FORTY Two AM, two titan SIXTYFIVE.
HILL ARRIVE ATLANTA, GA, TWELVE IEN PM FOR CONNECTING DELTA FLIGHT
FOUR FOUR FIVE TO HONTGOHERY, ALABAMA. HILL ARRIVE HONTGOHER1AT TWELVE
NOON, HONOOHERY TIME, THO THREE SIXTYFIVE. x3
Q: .
SUBJ HAS RESERVATIONS ON DELTA FLIGHT SIX ONE FOUR LEAVING MONT-
-LGOMERY NINE TEN AH, THO FOUR SIXTYFIVE, ARRIVE ATLANTA ELEVEN FIFTYFIVF
-n .In '
AH. VILL.LEAVE ATLANTA ABOARD DELTA FLIGHT EIGHT TVO TVO, ARRIVE NYC
=' - ,'.'. »z":AIN?-ID.om: rnxnrvssvsu PH, THO FOUR SIXTY!-IVE. ;92§;§?§§F§§"%§§?Vsg%" 0moans non: CHANGE IN FLIGHTS AND T1uEs.L:-.':/ ?
1-OR nu-"0 AILANTA, susa 1-zunourz rusxsszs INSTITUTE, 1"us1¬sGGs, ALA.
rv_ - __
FOR SPEECH ON TVO THREE SIXTYFIVE- BE ALERT TO FACT SUBJ QILL PASS
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P-<-wt -~- J. F. Bland P1 p 1 _ ML Rym,
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-' t th ca tioned organization plans to sponsor the "lst Annual
Dignity Projection and Scholars ip war _e yHenry and Edsel Ford Auditorium in Detroit. At this ceremony it
P~ Ma i And rson the well-known Negro singer; Jackie Gleason;
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- 1 - Mr, Coakley"°O-A**IERICAl92 BROADCASTING AND RDCORDING comm ¬.¢'rF_ /_ A ,__ /. ; ""'J
F INFORMATION CONCERNING _ __ M , M _{SUBVERSIVE CONTROL! _ J If t 4_12.1.2-= .'Zfé'E.5 at t " -92-"' _"._'I92-._*
By airtel and memorandum both dated l/29/65 Detroit a ised
CA8. e Ph A d C remon " on 2/ll»/65 at the
lanned to present awards to Sidney Poitier, the we11known Negro
actor, r an e ,the J L. Hudson Company, Chrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company, and
Detroit Radio Station WXYZ for their efforts in p moting integration- 92l t It has been reported that ml , the former P in emp oymen . .number two man in the Nation of Islam _ NOI!,' who sincehis defection 92_
from the NOI has formed his own hate organization, the huslim osque,Incorporated, will be the guest speaker. Little is extremely well-know
for the hateful and violent statements he has made in urging Negroes
to use all methods at their disposal to gain their rights in this
country .
Milton R. Henry, a The captioned organization was formed by
name is included in Negro attorney in Detroit, in April, 1964. Henry'sthe Security Index based on the extreme sentiments he has put forth in
i.-ivocating that Negroes are justified in using guerrlawarfare tactics
in order to secure their rights in this country. Henry was also
affiliated with communist fronts in the Detroit area in the 1940's.
De-L1'.Oit requests authority to furnish public source data__
"':n'> 1"" lcolm Little and Milton R. Henry to the following establisregarni O scl-
so'.;:"_ at Detroit: _ e -A ...~.-.,-......-==--an--=~1.1» 'éQ@ . Rtooawz _,,,_$FEB 3195 ,3; =" M
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hezorandum to Mr, W. C. Sullivan
1: AFRO-AMERICAN BROADCASTING AND RECORDING COMPANY
DETROIT, MICHIGAN
Jackie Gleason tr Sidney Poitier.
RECOMMENDATION;
That the attached airtel authorizing Detroit to furnish
public source information to the abovementioned established sogrceg
on a strictly confidential basis be approved. Detroit is being
i;_:ructed to follow this matter closely and effect coverage on this
a:fair so that the Bureau will be kept fully informed
4';5//I §¥' L INo contacts are contemplated with Marian Anderson,' - ii
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O°"¥ '"E"*ON OF AFRO-AHERICAK UIITT 5,;.9292J.-92J-at LA.IS 75C. ,'4Y
e coties, respectively, o. a LL concern;nLinclosed herewith for the Bureau and Cnioagijkre F P I Q11
" ' VC on 1/31/65 at which HALCooL X.OAAU oubiic raiiy in H. , ' _ . __- .-,.--I-I-~IZ1III-I1"was the fea.urec speaxcr.
in view o- mLLu Q- M,a in some may affiliated with the KKK. This remark _X may be incicativc of his next line of attack on
no the 301. .
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Nez:*- f isred to ChicagoLn information copy is beib urn . "' 3 V's icelication that ZLIJAE EU:LIIAD is
The sources in this LI-II-I are: --__ ':¥_;¢/"92y-'_,_ _. L .
:%?L Bureau ncls. 6! HI!
Chicago
IewYork
Yorkbv KAoCOpN
HUHAIHAD9292
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This LUM is not classified Cons,Ential" since the_: in _ __ A
news release was public and the meeting i se f was open to _
the publicalso. advised that during, his speech lly MAL ined his future travel plansat this ra
which are:
2/21/55.2/3/65
2/H/65
2/5/B5
2/B/65Travel to Tuskegee Institute,Tuskege, Ala. for a speech '_
Return to NYC
Travel to London, England; remain
until 2/8/65 r_-
Travel to Paris, France; remainp
until 2/ll/65.
Information on MALCOLM X's travels have beenfurnished to the Bureau and interested offices by separate
communication under_:his caption.
The next scheduled OAAU public rally is on Sunday,
92e
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ntnsmu. nunmu or INVESTIGATION
1-5 1:.-,.z,, |=-4-,, H, ,, New York , New York
" February 2, 1965
Organization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
Characterizations of the Organization of
Afro-American Unity OAAU!, Muslim Mosque,
incorporated MMI! and
c =~f ted January , , a
"Malcolm X Predicts Longest Hottest and Bloodiest Summer
of the Black Revolution." This news release read in part
as follows: _
'0H9 BBWS
"Malcolm X chairman of the OAAU will addressthe public Sunday, January 31 at 8:00 p.m. at the Audubon| . f ..Ballroom at 166th Street and Broadway. The title o nis
lecture is Ballots or Bullets. Malcolm will contend that the
present struggle for votérslregistration rights by the
Afro-American will lead to the longest, hottest and " -.
bloodiest summer in the current freedom struggle."
L
5% ldvisedt e ublicral6 , |,
8315 p.m. to 10:50 p.m., at the Audubon. , Broadway
and 166th Street, New York City. aThere were approximately
550 persons in attendance. B
document contains neither recommendations northe Federal Bureau of Investigation. It is
the prperty of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and is loanedto your'agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed
outside your agency, ' -'
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51$Organization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
The meeting was opened by HMI Executive
Secretary James 67X Warden, who then introduced OAAU chairman
and HI leader Malcolm X Little as the featured speaker.
' " B llets" Malcolm X_spoke on the subject of Ballots or u .
According to_ Malcolm X made the
following remarks: -
Malcolm X spoke at length on the civil rights
U 't d States He outlined the history of the movement in the ni e .
rights struggle by stating that promises were made to the
Negro in 1963 and all "we" got was the murder of National
sociation for the Advancement of Colored People NAACP!
of President John F. Kennedy. In
made to the Negro and all "we" got
civil rights workers in Mississippi
in Georgia.
Malcolm X stated that so far in lg55 the Mississippi
Freedom Democrat Party has been rebuffed in their effort to
unseat the illegally elected United States Con
Hississippi and Negroes are being denied their
register to vote in Alabama. Malcolm X stated
something is done for Negro voter registration "we" must' ' h longest, hottest,take "drastic steps", and he predicted t e _
" er" He further stated that the Negro ~ IIbloooiesfsummer ev .youth of today will not submit to these wrongs but will take
action", and he claimed that the present mood of the Negro' n-violence. '15 away from no
advised that Malcolm X was
extremely care u g n above remarks and madeabsolutely no mention of possible future vidence in the civil
rights field by himself or anyone else, nor did ahe encourage
any specific action. -e"
. FAs
leader Hedger Evers and
198% more promises were
was the murder of three
and of a Negro educator
gressmen from
right to
that unless
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1- 5GibOrganization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
According to alcolm X statedthat the Negro masses ha een eser e by the white
liberals and that the Negro must look elsewhere for allies.
he suggested that it was only natural to look to Africa and
indicated that the Africans are ready and willing to assist
the American Negro. He also referred to the Chinese -
Communists as "800 million dark people" who are not afraid
of the United States and are willing to help the American
Negro.
Malcolm X also remarked that recently he has
purposely refrained from commenting about Elijah Muhammad
and the N01, but he plans to expose Muhammad's affiliation
with the Kn Klux Klan. - . ~
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Srzanization of Afro-American Unity
lzternal Security » Miscellaneous
I lD'DE92YHY"VL n HI IDIYULA___ -_|---1--
MQQELU.!Q5QU§le1"°°3P°3&Z§QelU"ll .
The March 13, 195%, edition of "The New York Times,
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOLM X LITTLE!,
former national official of the Nation of Islam NOI! whobroke with the NOI on March 82 196%, publicly announced in
New York City on March 12 19c%, that he had formed the MuslimMosque, Incorporated MMIS. The MMI, according to the article
would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions.
In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon '
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend
themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested
that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and
property in time of emergencies in areas where the govern
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them.
Incorporation papers of the MMI filed on March 16,
196%, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reflect that the MMI was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the
State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted
Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York.
The May 23, 196%, edition of the "New York
Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in
New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES
BOOKER in which he indicated that he had heard that the
visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders during his African
tour has changed him to become soft in his anti-white
feelings and to become more religious.
On October 6, 196%, a confidential source advised
that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox '
Islamic Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic
Foundation of New York!, l Riverside Drive, New York City.
The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic Religion.
A second confidential source advised on October 20,
196%, that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite
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organization of Afro-American Unityinternal Security - Miscellaneous
1. APPENDIQ
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly
referred to as the Muslim '
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhamad's Temple; qf_lslam_ '
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD
has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the
"Nation of Islam," NOI! and-"Muhammad's Temples or Islam."
On May 8, 196k, a second source advised ELIJAH
MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NCI; Muhammad's Temple
of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois
is the national headquarters of the NOI; and in mid-1960,
MUHAMMAD and other NOI officials, when referring to MUHAMMAD'S
organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either
"Moe;ue" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's
Temples of Islam." §
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMADclaims to have been selected by Allah, theSupreme Bing, dto lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in t e wil er-
ness of North America by establishing an independent blacknation in the United States. Members following MUHAMMADS
teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran believe thereis no sugh thing as a Negro; that the so-called gegioesnaies aves o the white race, referred to as w its ev ls, nthe United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and_will be
destroyed in the approaching "war of Armageddon.
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,
including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States _
_ On May 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD
had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the
principles of his organization in order to avoid possible
prosecution by the United States Government; however,92he didnot indicate any fundamental changes in the teachingso§ his
organization. 5 1- _ 921
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Orvanization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
g_._ APP ENDIX
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly
referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also known as
Muhsmmad{s Temples 9f_Iq;&m7
On May 7, 196R, a third source advised Muhammad
had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religious
aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic
benefits to be derived by those Negroes who Joined the NOI
This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help him
acquire additional followers and create more interest in
his programs. .
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Oroanization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security MiSCB1lane°u5
1; APPENDIX
ORGANIZATION, of Arno-Ar~1j.snlc,n,u _UN_I'IfY ;oAAu!_
' on June 28, 196M, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly
announced the formation of s new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization of Afrow
American onity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Boadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
Western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African ynity established
by African heads of States! at Addie Ababa, Ethiopia, in
May, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to --
"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 1964, a confidential source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MMI head-
quarters, Suite l28, Hotel Theresa, 209O 7th Avenue, New TurkCity. '
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Memorandum
DIRECTOR, FBI 00-399321! DATE, 2/9/65
sac, new YORK 05-8999!
MALCOLM 4LI'I'ILE aka
IS-l4MI
MALCOLM X was one of several guests on thetelevision program "Hot Line" which was held on 2/2/65,
at NYC. "Hot Line" is a live panel type program where
the guests answer questions called in by the viewingpublic. It was shown over WPIX-'I'V, chanel 1l,_lIXC, at9:30 p.m. 'Ihi a.m is moderated by televisionpersonality DAV USSKIND . ""'"' _
_________._....--- ----._
This program was taped by the NYO. MALCOLM
X made his usual general statements about the racialproblems in NY and throughout the US whenever the opportunity
arose during the program. _
No pertinent information was obtained from ,monitoring this program, therefore, no LI-EM is being .
prepared for dissemination. _
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FR mew YORK /105-ssssv jjMALCOLM K. LITTLE AKA, 5M-MMI- ;.92¢
RE NEW YORK AIRTEL AND LHM DATED FEBRUARY TWO SIXTY FIVE;_AND
TELETYPE DATED FEBRUARY FOUR,SIXTY FIVE. ,O pi Lr
SUBJECT UNDER NAME M. SHABAZZ MADE RESERVATIONS FOR ECONOMY ~--CLASS TWA AIRLINES FLIGHT SEVENAHUNDRED FOR LONDON, ENGLAND 92.'_
DEPARTING JOHN F. KENNEDY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, EIGHT P-N.
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