参考文献 1. United Nations Environment Programme. 2023. Building Materials and the Climate: Constructing a New Future. 2. McKinsey. 25 September 2024. What building owners need to know about decarbonizing operations. https://www. mckinsey.com/industries/real-estate/our-insights/what-building-owners-need-to-know-about-decarbonizing- operations?utm_medium=DSMN8&utm_source=LinkedIn&utm_user=14419233742936789. 3. World Green Building Council. Accessed 17 October 2024. Bringing embodied carbon upfront. https://worldgbc.org/ advancing-net-zero/embodied-carbon/. 4. World Economic Forum. 5 December 2023. Circularity in the Built Environment: Maximizing CO 2 Abatement and Business Opportunities. 5. Landfill taxes in the European Union partly exceed € 100 per metric ton, impacting the entire building ecosystem. See European Environment Agency. 14 June 2023. Overview of landfill taxes on municipal waste used in EU Member States. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/maps-and-charts/overview-of-landfill-taxes-on. 6. World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Accessed 17 October 2024. Transforming the Built Environment. https://www.wbcsd.org/actions/transforming-the-built-environment/ . 7. United Nations. Accessed 17 October 2024. Population. https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/ population#:~:text=The%20world%20population%20is%20projected,and%2010.4%20billion%20by%202100 . 8. United Nations Environment Programme, International Resource Panel. 2024. Global Resources Outlook 2024: Bend the Trend – Pathways to a liveable planet as resource use spikes. 9. United Nations Environment Programme. 9 November 2022. CO 2 emissions from buildings and construction hit new high, leaving sector off track to decarbonize by 2050. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/co 2- emissions-buildings-and-construction-hit-new-high-leaving-sector . 10. McKinsey. 30 November 2023. An affordable, reliable, competitive path to net zero. 11. McKinsey. 17 October 2022. Reducing embodied carbon in new construction. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/ travel-logistics-and-infrastructure/how-we-help-clients/global-infrastructure-initiative/voices/reducing-embodied- carbon-in-new-construction. 12. Rosenbloom, Eva, Magwood, Chris, Clark, Heather and Olgyay, Victor. 2023. Transforming Existing Buildings from Climate Liabilities to Climate Assets. 13. Schroeder, Monica and Foulkes, Louise. 28 January 2024. To meet our global climate ambitions, we must tackle embodied carbon. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/01/tackling-embodied-carbon-in-housing-is-the- climate-solution-we-need-right-now/#:~:text=Retrofitting%20housing%20is%20not%20only,save%20lives%20in- %20a%20disaster. 14. Kats, Greg and Jarrel Rob. 2020. Cooling Cities, Slowing Climate Change and Enhancing Equity: Costs and Benefits of Smart Surfaces Adoption for Baltimore. Smart Surfaces Coalition. 15. International Energy Agency. May 2021. Net Zero by 2050. 16. European Commission. 16 April 2024. In focus: Energy efficient buildings. https://energy.ec.europa.eu/news/focus- energy-efficient-buildings-2024-04-16_en#:~:text=75%25%20of%20the%20EU’ s%20building,performance%20 of%20buildings%20across%20Europe. 17. European Commission. McKinsey analysis. International Energy Agency . 18. United Nations Environment Programme, International Resource Panel. 2024. Global Resources Outlook 2024: Bend the Trend – Pathways to a liveable planet as resource use spikes. 19. Ellen MacArthur Foundation. July 2024. Building Prosperity: Unlocking the potential of a nature-positive, circular economy for Europe. 20. Sovacool, Benjamin, Evensen, Darrick, Kwan, Thomas and Petit, Vincent. The Electricity Journal, Vol. 36, Issue 5, 2023. Building a green future: Examining the job creation potential of electricity, heating, and storage in low-carbon buildings. 21. Arup. Accessed 17 October 2024. Lowering emissions through innovative refurbishment. https://www.arup.com/ projects/1-triton-square/. 22. BlueCity. Accessed 17 October 2024. Construction file. https://www.bluecity.nl/en/over-bluecity/bouwdossier. 23. European Aluminium. 13 May 2020. Circular Aluminium Action Plan. 24. European Commission. 12 April 2024. Energy Performance of Buildings Directive adopted to bring down energy bills and reduce emissions. 25. European Commission. 14 October 2020. Renovation Wave: doubling the renovation rate to cut emissions, boost recovery and reduce energy poverty. 26. BlueCity. Accessed 17 October 2024. Construction file. https://www.bluecity.nl/en/over-bluecity/bouwdossier . 27. US Energy Information Administration. 4 March 2025. A Look at the U.S. Commercial Building Stock: Results from EIA’ s 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/reports/. 建造環境におけるサーキュラリティ：改修事業の新たな可能性を切り拓く 28

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